Partial, effects

Copper and copper alloys Effective Partially effective Partially effective Effective Effective Reasonably effective Reasonably effective... 

Nernst, in his Theoretische Chemie, devoted a whole chapter to a critical examination of the rule of Thomsen and Berthelot, and he concluded that in many cases the heat of reaction certainly does correspond very closely with the maximum work, AT, which latter magnitude he took from van t Hoff as a measure of the chemical affinity. Whilst pointing out that it very often gives results wholly incompatible with experience, and cannot therefore be indiscriminately applied, Nernst showed that the rule nevertheless holds good in too many cases to be wholly false in an appropriate metaphor he claimed that it contains a genuine kernel of truth which has not yet been shelled from its enclosing hull. This labour of emancipation was partially effected in the newer work of the same author, Applications of Thermodynamics to Chemistry, 1907, which is an attempt to place the rule of Berthelot on a scientific basis, and to determine under what conditions its use is legitimate. He points out that the equation ... 

Topical tretinoin only partially effective even after 1 year of daily application [5]... 

The extent to which a compound produces a response in an assay, relative to the high and low assay controls. When the compound increases the signal up to 100% or decreases the signal down to 0%, it has a 100% efficacy. When the plateau reaches another intermediary efficacy value, the compound is said to have a partial effect. 

BOD Refrigeration Refrigeration is only partially effective. Analysis is best done immediately. Large changes can occur over a few hours. Glass bottles preferred... 

Famphur was not very effective in the control of ticks. The tropical horse tick (Anocentor nitens) is a species of serious concern to horse breeders and raisers in Florida mainly because it transmits Babesia caballi, the causative agent of equine piroplasmosis. A secondary concern is that heavy tick infestations may cause injury to the ears of the horse (Gladney etal. 1972). Data were unavailable on famphur control of ticks in horses however, famphur was 99.9 to 100% effective in controlling A. nitens in Hereford steers and heifers when fed in the diet at 5 mg/kg BW for 14 to 21 days. Famphur at 2.5 mg/kg BW in cattle diets for 7 days was only partially effective (39 to 87.5%) in controlling horse ticks (Gladney et al. 1972). Famphur — despite multiple treatments — was not effective in controlling cattle ticks (Haemaphysalis longicornis) when used as a pour-on at recommended application rates in weaned Hereford calves (Heath et al. 1980). 

Age, calcium intake, hormonal status, exercise and vitamin status have all been implicated in the development of osteoporosis. Estrogen levels represent an important factor in skeletal calcium retention and homeostasis. In therapeutic trials in which post-menopausal women were given daily doses of estrogens, such therapy has been demonstrated to be partially effective in reducing the rate of bone resorption. However, this therapy has the concomitant hazard of endometrial cancer (10). Vitamin D and its hormones have been given considerable attention in the more recent studies. Without adequate dietary and tissue levels of such vitamins, calcium absorption and bone status will be impaired. 

As for AIDS, the disease was first recognized in 1981, and the causative agent, HIV, was isolated in 1983. By the end of 1986, the first partially effective antiviral, AZT, was developed. Thus, the rate of progress in AIDS research has actually been very rapid in historical terms. 

Concomitant therapy - Concomitant therapy with other second-line drugs (eg, gold salts) demonstrates additional therapeutic benefit. Use with partially effective doses of corticosteroids for a steroid-sparing effect and result in greater improvement is not established. 

Toxicity independence definitely emerges as a real concern in the planning of combined modality therapy. As originally outlined, if two partially effective agents can be combined without having to alter their levels substantially, an improved therapeutic... 

For example, one of the technical characteristics that might be specihed is the effectiveness of the vaccine in giving protection over a period of, say, two years. Suppose a vaccine is developed such that only 50% of the people vaccinated appear to obtain protection. This can raise two problems. If the partially effective vaccine is determined inadmissible to be paid under the Advanced Purchase Commitment plan, despite bringing immense health benehts to millions of people, the innovator is not adequately compensated. But, if it is deemed admissible (perhaps only for a scaled reward), the Advanced Purchase Commitment funding could be used up in a short time, so that a second, 100% effective vaccine expected to arrive two years later might obtain no Advanced Purchase Commitment subsidy at all. 

McGuire (2003) showed that setting the vaccine price equal to mean benefit will elicit the socially efficient level of R D on vaccines. Although this is an efficient solution, it may be subject to criticism on equity grounds. The entire net benefit accrues to manufacturers as profit, and no consumer surplus accrues to the public. McGuire assumed a fully effective vaccine. Benefit should be scaled to reflect the extent to which a vaccine is partially effective. 

However, the dopamine hypothesis does not account for some important observations. If an abnormality of dopamine physiology were solely responsible for the pathogenesis of schizophrenia, antipsychotic drugs would do a much better job in treating patients. As it is, they are only partially effective for most and ineffective for some patients. Moreover, there is evidence that diminished glutamatergic activity also plays a role in... 

Diphenhydramine is known to be at least partially effective in Parkinson s disease, perhaps because of its anticholinergic properties. 

For mild to moderate anxiety, we recommend the conservative approach of beginning with CBT and including medication if CBT is ineffective or only partially effective. However, severe anxiety that involves duress, prominent avoidance behavior, physiological symptoms, or marked impairment, requires a combination of CBT and medication as an initial intervention. Furthermore, children and families with low motivation (i.e., those unlikely to participate in CBT assignments) or having a poor subjective sense of anxiety may require medication treatment as one of the initial interventions. 

---