Adenocarcinoma of colon

Reitemeier RJ, Moertel CG, Hahn RG. Comparison of 5-fluorouracil (NSC-19893) and 2 -deoxy-5-fluorouridine (NSC-27640) in treatment of patients with advanced adenocarcinoma of colon or rectum. Cancer Chemother Rep 1965 44 39 3. 

TABLE 9.9 1 Intestinal-type Adenocarcinoma versus Metastatic Adenocarcinoma of Colon ... 

Ollayos CW, Riordan P, Rushin JM. Estrogen receptor detection in paraffin section of adenocarcinoma of colon, pancreas and lung. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 1994 118 630-632. 

A 2-h incubation with another PGE2 analogue, nocloprost (9P-chloro-DMPG) protects normal human fibroblasts but has no effect on the survival of colon adenocarcinoma cells exposed to 10 Gy (1000 rad) (218). Nocloprost protects against radiation-induced DSBs in normal cells but not in tumor cells. Moreover, incubation using nocloprost for 2 h after irradiation enhances the rate of DSB rejoining in fibroblasts but not in adenocarcinoma cells. These data possibly reflect a different distribution of PG receptors on the plasma membrane of the two cell types. 

Prolonged hypergastrinemia leading to the development of colonic polyps and potentially adenocarcinoma in rats was a concern that has proven to be unfounded with long-term use in humans.19 The FDA has stated that there is insufficient evidence linking PPI use to atrophic gastritis, intestinal metaplasia, or gastric cancer.20... 

Over 90% of colon cancers are adenocarcinomas and are assigned a grade of I to III based on how similar they are to normal colon cells. Grade I tumors most closely resemble normal cellular structure, whereas, grade III tumors frequently have lost the characteristics of mature normal cells. Grade III tumors are associated with a worse prognosis than grade I tumors.8... 

Biopsy revealed three polyps positive for adenocarcinoma of the colon. 

Since natural product cryptolepine hydrochloride 173 (Fig. 48) has been found to be cytotoxic to B16 melanoma cells with an IC50 of 0.3 pg/mL (1.3 pM) [102], there has also been interest in cationic 5-carboline-based compounds as antitumor agents. For example, Wright and coworkers synthesized a series of these compounds and evaluated their activity against MAC 15 cells (murine adenocarcinomas of the colon) [103]. Of the compounds prepared, the most active was 179 which had an IC50 value of 1.03 pM. 

Loy, T. S. and Calaluce, R. D. (1994) Utility of cytokeratin immunostaining in separating pulmonary adenocarcinomas from colonic carcinomas. Am. J. Clin. 

Tumor-promoting effect. A 28-year-old man who abused alcohol, nicotine, and cannabis for several years was investigated. He suffered simultaneously from a squamous cell carcinoma of the hypopharynx with bilateral cervical metastases, an adenocarcinoma of the transverse colon and a primary hepatocellular carcinoma. There were occurrences of three separate malignant tumors with different histologies in the aerodigestive tract, which could be related to a chronic abuse of cannabis . 

Systemic administration of colonic carcinogois yields the entire spectrum of changes seen in human colon cancer, including abnormal crypt architecture with disrupted proliferation, papillary and adenomatous polyps, carcinoma in situ, and adenocarcinoma (Thumherr et al., 1973). The distal colon is affected with the greatest frequency, and squamous cell canc of the anus is also produced. Dietary fat enhances the production of colonic tumors (Nigro et al., 1975), perhaps by increasing bile flow (Narisawa et al., 1974). 

Table 13. Incidence of adenocarcinomas of the descending colon and the mean number of aberrant crypt foci in rats given subcutaneous injections of 1,2-dimethylhydrazine and different diets...

An example of a human tumor analyzed by this method is shown in Fig. 4. This was an adenocarcinoma of the colon removed 6 h after injection. The profile shows the complex nature of many human tumors that possess abnormal DNA content. The first major peak, in the DNA profile, is diploid G1 cells, followed by a peak of aneuploid G1 cells that have 1.5 times more DNA than... 

Example 3. Butler et al. (2003) conducted a population-based case-control study that evaluated levels of HCAs, meat intake according to doneness and cooking method, and the risk of colon cancer. The study population consisted of participants selected from 33 counties in North Carolina who were part of the North Carolina Colon Cancer Study. Cases included 274 blacks and 346 whites, between the ages of 40 and 84 with invasive adenocarcinoma of the colon diagnosed from 1996 to 2000. Controls, 426 blacks and 611 whites, were randomly selected from the North Carolina Division of Motor Vehicles (under 65) and the Center for Medicare and Medicaid services (over 65). Exposure was assessed using a food-frequency questionnaire. Meat intake frequency data, cooking method, and level of doneness was used to estimate exposure values for three specific HCAs. (Results of this study are discussed in Section 26.2.2b.). Source Butler et al. (2003). 

Figure 11.3 Effect of curcumin administered during promotion/progression stage of colon carcinogenesis. Note MiC = adenocarcinomas.

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