Invasive adenocarcinoma

FIGURE IS.S MUCl is expressed in aii pancreatobiliary-type adenocarcinomas (invasive ductai adenocarcinoma of the pancreas is shown here). The expression is predominancy confined to the iumi-nai membrane in the duct-forming areas, whereas it is aiso intracy-topiasmic in the pooriy differentiated areas. 

P5. Pyke, C., Kristensen, P., Ralfkiaer, E., Grondahl-Hansen, J., Eriksen, K., Blasi, F., and Dano, K., Urokinase-type plasminogen activator is expressed in stromal cells and its receptor in cancer cells at invasive foci in human colon adenocarcinomas. Am. J. Pathol. 138, 1059— 1067 (1991). 

The in vitro invasive assay consisted of grafting rat tracheas by implanting into severe combined immxmodeficiency disease (SCID) mice. The tracheas were first injected with the adenocarcinoma cells to promote tumor growth. Invasiveness was determined by histochemical staining of the iso-... 

Fluorouracil is used in several combination regimens in the treatment of breast cancer. It also has palliative activity in gastrointestinal adenocarcinomas, including those originating in the stomach, pancreas, liver, colon, and rectum. Other tumors in which some antitumor effects have been reported include carcinomas of the ovary, cervix, oropharynx, bladder, and prostate. Topical 5-fluorouracil cream has been useful in the treatment of premalignant keratoses of the skin and superficial basal cell carcinomas, but it should not be used in invasive skin cancer. 

Example 3. Butler et al. (2003) conducted a population-based case-control study that evaluated levels of HCAs, meat intake according to doneness and cooking method, and the risk of colon cancer. The study population consisted of participants selected from 33 counties in North Carolina who were part of the North Carolina Colon Cancer Study. Cases included 274 blacks and 346 whites, between the ages of 40 and 84 with invasive adenocarcinoma of the colon diagnosed from 1996 to 2000. Controls, 426 blacks and 611 whites, were randomly selected from the North Carolina Division of Motor Vehicles (under 65) and the Center for Medicare and Medicaid services (over 65). Exposure was assessed using a food-frequency questionnaire. Meat intake frequency data, cooking method, and level of doneness was used to estimate exposure values for three specific HCAs. (Results of this study are discussed in Section 26.2.2b.). Source Butler et al. (2003). 

McCutcheon, M., Coman, D. R. and Moore, M. B. (1948). Studies on invasion in cancer adhesiveness of malignant cells in various human adenocarcinomas. Cancer 1, 460-467. 

Okumura, Y, Hamada, J., Cavanaugh, P. G. and Nicolson, G. L. (1992). Preferential growth stimulation of metastataic rat mammary adenocarcinoma cells by organ-derived syngeneic fibroblasts in vitro. Invasion Metastasis 12, 275-283. 

Welch, D. R., Neri, A. and Nicolson, G. L. (1983). Comparison of spontaneous and experimental metastasis using rat 13762 mammary adenocarcinoma cell clones. Invasion Metastasis 3, 65-80. 

An 86-year-old man received intravenous Thorotrast to investigate a bullet wound to his shoulder in 1939. He presented in 1993 with jaundice, leading to liver failure and death. Autopsy showed four separate carcinomas a cholangiocarcinoma in the left lobe of the liver, a well-differentiated tubular carcinoma of the antrum of the stomach, an invasive squamous carcinoma of the lung, and a well-differentiated adenocarcinoma of the ampulla of Vater. There were multiple mutations in the p53 tumor suppression gene caused by chronic alpha-ray irradiation. 

Fischer 344 rats were given 3,2 -dimethyl-4-aminobiphenyl (a prostate carcinogen) at 50 mg kg body weight 10 times at 2-week intervals, and then, from week 20, testosterone propionate and/or diethylstilbestrol by subcutaneous silastic implant for 40 weeks, as seven cycles of 30-day treatment and 10-day withdrawal. Intermittent administration of testosterone resulted in suppression of the development of ventral prostate adenocarcinomas and slight (nonsignificant) increases in the incidences of invasive carcinomas of the lateral prostate and seminal vesicles. Diethylstilbestrol completely suppressed tumorigenesis, and the combination with testosterone propionate inhibited prostate tumor development. 

With a predominantly epithelial origin, CRC phenotypically consists of a broad spectrum of epithelial lesions ranging from adenoma to adenocarcinoma, evolving from benign growth to invasive stages often over a period of 10-20 years. A multi-step sequence of... 

Sullivan LM, Smolkin ME, Frierson Jr HE, Galgano MT. Comprehensive evaluation of CDX2 in invasive cervical adenocarcinomas immunopositivity in the absence of overt colorectal morphology. Am J Surg Pathol. 2008 32 1715-1720. 

D2-40, a clone of podoplanin, is a recently developed commercially available antibody directed against the M2A antigen, a 40,000-kD sialoglycoprotein associated with germ cells and lymphatic endothelium. Chu and colleagues evaluated 53 cases of mesothelioma, 28 cases of reactive pleural tissue, 30 cases of pulmonary adenocarcinoma, 35 cases of renal cell carcinoma, 26 cases of ovarian serous carcinoma, 16 cases of invasive breast carcinoma, 11 cases of prostatic adenocarcinoma, and 7 cases of urothelial carcinoma. The authors found D2-40 expression in 51 of 53 (96%) mesotheliomas, 27 of 28 (96%) reactive pleural tissues, and 17 of 26 (65%) ovarian serous carcinomas. They did not find D2-40 in the other tumors examined. The authors also observed that the neoplastic cells immunostained in a cell membrane distribution. 

FIGURE 14.22 High and low magnification of an invasive cecal adenocarcinoma from a 46-year-old patient with hereditary nonpolyposis colon cancer syndrome (Lynch syndrome). Neoplastic cell nuclei are completely devoid of MLH2 immunoreactivity, whereas cell nuclei of the surrounding stromal cells stain strongly. Only the complete absence of nuclear staining should be interpreted as a marker of a mismatch repair enzyme defect. 

---