Gastritis atrophic

Gastritis Atrophic gastritis has been noted occasionally in gastric corpus biopsies from patients treated long-term with omeprazole and esomeprazole. 

Hyperplastic polyps account for 75-90% of all gastric polyps (Feczko et al. 1985). Hyperplastic polyps are often seen in the setting of chronic gastritis, atrophic gastritis or bile reflux gastritis. Although... 

Hematologic diseases autoimmune hemolytic anemia, idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, pernicous anemia Kidney disease Goodpasture syndrom, lipoid nephroses, minimal change glomerulonephritis Diseases of the gastrointestinal tract autoimmune chronic active hepatitis, autoimmune atrophic gastritis, Crohn s disease, ulcerative colitis... 

Cyano- and hydroxocobalamin - both can be converted to the physiologically relevant coenzymes methyl- and 5 -deoxyadenosylcobalamin in the liver -are used for therapeutical applications. When pernicious anemia caused by chronic atrophic gastritis has been diagnosed, it is treated as follows During the first 7 days of treatment, 1000 pg of hydroxocobalamin/d are administered parenterally, usually intramuscularly. Then, the same dose is given once weekly for 4-6 weeks. The aim is to alleviate the deficiency symptoms and at the same time to replenish the stores. Afterwards, 1000 pg hydroxocobalamin should be given parenterally every 2 months lifelong to avoid relapse [1, 2]. 

Alterations in other gastric secretions, such as pepsinogens and blood group substances also take place in chronic atrophic gastritis. The secretion of pepsinogen I has been used as an indicator of intestinal metaplasia and gastric cancer (21, 22). 

The nitrite results from reduction of nitrate by bacteria abnormally present in the gastric mucosa and the gastric cavity. The bacteria grow situ because the pH is elevated as a result of loss of HCl secretion secondary to the loss of parietal cells and their replacement by intestinal-type epithelium. Parietal cells are lost as a result of chronic atrophic gastritis. What... 

Prolonged hypergastrinemia leading to the development of colonic polyps and potentially adenocarcinoma in rats was a concern that has proven to be unfounded with long-term use in humans.19 The FDA has stated that there is insufficient evidence linking PPI use to atrophic gastritis, intestinal metaplasia, or gastric cancer.20... 

Advanced Hp gastritisd Peptic ulcer surgery Autoimmune atrophic gastritis Maximum increase 108-9 CFU/ml URT URT (10-50% GNB) URT (20-30% GNB)... 

GNB = Gram-negative bacilli PPI = proton pump inhibitor Hp = H. pylori. a Patients with peptic ulcer disease and reflux esophagitis. b Early stage of atrophic corpus gastritis of limited extension (less common). 

The prevalence of Gram-negative bacilli colonization depends on the type of surgery (see text). d Atrophic corpus gastritis (prevalent in the elderly due to the high prevalence and duration of H. pylori colonization in this age cohort). 

Kawaguchi H, Haruma K, Komoto K, Yoshi-hara M, Sumii K, Kajiyama G Helicobacter pylori infection is the major risk factor for atrophic gastritis. Am J Gastroenterol 1996,91 959-962. 

Saltzman JR, Kemp JA, Golner BB, Pedrosa MC, Dallal GE, Russell RM Effect of hypo-chlorhydria due to omeprazole treatment or atrophic gastritis on protein-bound vitamin B12 absorption. J Am CollNutr 1994 13 584-591. 

A frequent cause of vitamin B12 deficiency is atrophic gastritis leading to a lack of intrinsic factor. Besides megaloblastic anemia, damage to mucosal linings and degeneration of myelin sheaths with neurological sequelae will occur (pernicious anemia). 

Among patients infected with H pylori, long-term acid suppression leads to increased chronic inflammation in the gastric body and decreased inflammation in the antrum. Concerns have been raised that increased gastric inflammation may accelerate gastric gland atrophy (atrophic gastritis) and intestinal metaplasia—known risk factors for... 

Patients with severe atrophic gastritis may have impaired absorption of vitamin B12 and a reduced serum level of the vitamin, but this is not accompanied by either megaloblastic anemia or neuropathy. Parietal-cell antibodies have been found in 33% of patients with gastritis, none of these patients having pernicious anemia (12, V4). Intrinsic factor antibodies were not found, and this was not surprising since it is rare to find antibodies to intrinsic factor in the absence of pernicious anemia. Patients with superficial gastritis usually have normal vitamin B12 absorption and normal serum levels of the vitamin. 

Negrini, R., Savio, A., Poiesi, C., Appelmelk, B.J., Buffoli, F., Paterlini, A., Cesari, P., Graffeo, M., Vaira, D., Franzin, G. Antigenic mimicry between Helicobacter pylori and gastric mucosa in the pathogenesis of body atrophic gastritis. Gastroenterology 111 (1996) 655-665. 

Atrophic gastritis with achlorhydria/deficient proteases (H.pylori [major],AIDS and other causes)... 

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