Polyp adenomatous

Cahill, R.J., O Sullivan, K.R, Mathias, P.M., Beattie, S., Hamilton, H. and O Morain, C. (1992). The effect of nutrient antioxidants on colonic crypt cell proliferation in patients with adenomatous polyps. Gastroenterology 102, A919. 

Approximately 8% to 20% of patients with UC and 7% to 26% of patients with CD are elderly at initial diagnosis.42 In general, IBD presents similarly in elderly patients compared to younger individuals. Elderly patients may have more comor-bid diseases, some of which may make the diagnosis of IBD more difficult. Such conditions include ischemic colitis, diverticular disease, and microscopic colitis. Increased age is also associated with a higher incidence of adenomatous polyps, but the onset of IBD at an advanced age does not appear to increase the risk of developing colorectal cancer. Elderly patients may also use more medications, particularly NSAIDs, which may induce or exacerbate colitis. 

Kimura, I., Miyake, T., Kubota, S., Kamata, A., Morikawa, S. and Ito, Y. Adenomatous polyps in the stomachs of hatchery-grown salmonids and other types of fishes. Prog. Exp. Tumor Res. (1976) 20, I8I-I9U. 

Exposed female mice had significant compound-related increases in nasal carcinomas (NTP 1982 Stinson et al. 1981). The incidences of combined alveolar/bronchiolar carcinoma and adenoma were significantly increased in the lungs of high-dose male and female mice as compared with control animals. In addition to these tumors, adenomatous polyps were present in tracheal, bronchial, and bronchiolar lumens (NTP 1982). 

B. S. Reddy and E. L. Wynder, Metabolic epidemiology of colon cancer. Fecal bile acids and neutral sterols in colon cancer patients and patients with adenomatous polyps. Cancer, 1977, 39(6), 2533. 

In 2-year carcinogenicity studies bromoform induced adenomatous polyps and adenocarcinomas of the large intestines of rats administered 200mg/kg/day by gavage no... 

Epidemiological evidence reveals that individuals who take aspirin or NSAIDs have a 40-50% reduced risk of developing colon cancer and its nonmalignant precursor, the adenomatous polyp (4,43-46). Familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) is a disease inher-... 

Squamous-cell papillomas or carcinomas, basal-cell tumours, sebaceous adenomas, keratoacanthomas Squamous-cell papillomas or carcinomas Squamous-cell papillomas Adenocarcinomas Adenomatous polyps Adenomas... 

Systemic administration of colonic carcinogois yields the entire spectrum of changes seen in human colon cancer, including abnormal crypt architecture with disrupted proliferation, papillary and adenomatous polyps, carcinoma in situ, and adenocarcinoma (Thumherr et al., 1973). The distal colon is affected with the greatest frequency, and squamous cell canc of the anus is also produced. Dietary fat enhances the production of colonic tumors (Nigro et al., 1975), perhaps by increasing bile flow (Narisawa et al., 1974). 

Carcinoma, squamous-cell papilloma or carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, adenomatous polyp, unspecified malignant neoplasm... 

Also, different forms of an antigen require different concentrations of the antibody for their maximal detection. This is exemplified by the PC-10 primary antibody, which identifies PCNA antigen at a dilution of 1 1000 in epithelial cells in normal colon tissue, whereas a dilution of 1 400 is required to localize these proliferating cells in adenomatous polyps (Holt et al., 1997). In contrast, some types of antigens (e.g., Ki-67) can be optimally detected in various tissue types at the MIB-1 dilution of 1 50, using the microwave heating antigen retrieval method. However, in a few studies MIB-1 dilutions of 1 20 to 1 100 have been used. 

Figure 9. A section of colonic adenomatous polyp stained for CDX2 in an automated device. Despite identical conditions, in one run (right image), the staining was inexplicably weak.

Steroid Control (40) Adenomatous Polyps (15) Colon Cancer (35) ... 

Somatic mutations of the APC gene are found in more than 70% of all adenomatous polyps and carcinomas of the colon and rectum. It has been estimated that about 50% of the population in the Western world will develop colorectal polyps during a normal life span, as a consequence of/IPC mutations. (See ref 2-6). 

Neugut Al, Murray TI, Garbowski GC, et al. 1991. Association of asbestos exposure with colorectal adenomatous polyps and cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst 83 1827-1828. 

Heider, K. H., Hofmann, M., Hors, E., van den Berg, R, Ponta, H., Herrlich, P. and Pals, S. T. (1993b) A human homologue of the rat metastasis-associated variant of CD44 is expressed in colorectal carcinomas and adenomatous polyps. J. Cell Biol. 120, 227-233. 

The majority of the evidence against use of COX-2 selective agents and increased risk of cardiovascular events has been derived from three gastrointestinal clinical trails. In Adenoma Prevention with Celecoxib (APC) and Prevention of colorectal Sporadic Adenomatous Polyps (PreSAP) studies approximately 3000 patients with previously documented colorectal adenoma were randomized to high dose celecoxib (400 mg vs 800 mg) and placebo [150]. The objectives of these studies were to assess the efficacy (the recurrence of adenomata) and safety of celecoxib (substantial overdose) at 5 years. After mean period of 33 months, both studies were discontinued due to increase risk of cardiovascular events in the celecoxib recipients patients. 

Arber N, Eagle CJ, Spicak J etal. Celecoxib for the prevention of colorectal adenomatous polyps.. New England Journal of Medicine 2006 355 885-895. 

A significant increase in female rats and nonsta-tistically significant increase in male rats in the incidence of adenomatous polyps or adenocarcinomas was observed at 200 mg kg for 2 years. No neo-... 

Acquavella JF, Owen CV, Bird G, et al. An adenomatous polyp case-control study to assess occupational risks following a workplace colorectal cancer duster. Am J Epidemiol 1991 133(4) 357-67. 

On September 30, 2004, rofecoxib was withdrawn from the worldwide market by the manufacturer, based on results obtained from the APPROVe (Adenomatous Polyp Prevention on Vioxx) trial. For those on rofecoxib 25 mg daily compared with placebo, risk for confirmed cardiovascular events, including myocardial infarction and stroke, was approximately doubled, beginning after 18 months of treatment. 

---