Acaricides derivatives

Cinnamyl—sesamol ethers, eg (35), are useful as insect chemosterilants (111). 3,4-Methylenedioxyphenyl-3-halo-2-propynyl ethers (36, X = halogen) are synergists for carbamate insecticides (112). HaloaLkyl or haloalkenyl ethers, eg (37), show acaricidal and insect juvenile hormone activity (113). The first total synthesis of gibbereUic acid was from 2-methoxy-6-aLkoxyethyl-l,4-benzoquinone, a derivative of hydroxyhydroquinone (114). 

These derivatives were described as having strong insecticidal, acaricidal, and netnatocidal activity, along with low mammalian toxicity. 

Unsaturated 5(4//)-oxazolones have also been used as intermediates to prepare analogues with diverse biological activities. For example, the oxazolone derived from 4-biphenylcarboxaldehyde is a synthetic precursor of the antiinflammatory agent 4-biphenylacetic acid." In addition, 2-substituted oxazolones derived from 2-thioarylbenzaldehydes are starting materials for the preparation of dibenzothie-pine derivatives that are useful to treat schizophrenia." Other oxazolones have been used as intermediates to prepare insecticides and acaricides." ... 

Synthetic chemical barrier preventive foliar sprays with synthetic insecticides, nematicides, acaricides, anticoagulants, fumigants, fungicides or bactericides botanical pesticides containing petroleum derivatives Absent Common... 

Aliphatic Hydrocarbons. After extensive research into the biological activity of the aliphatic hydrocarbons, relatively few of the pure Inonderivativel compounds have been found worthy of commercial attention. Popular for use in orchard spraying are the petroleum derivative oil spray s, which possess a good combination of acaricidal and insecticidal activity wiih low phytoioxicity. These sprays are effective against San Jose scale and mite. 

Thiophosphoric Acid Derivatives. A fortunate combination of characteristics occurs in the phosphoric acid derivatives upon substitution of a sulfur atom for one of the oxygens of the parent compound Namely, the toxicity of the derivatives to higher forms of life is substantially diminished. while at the same rime, (he acaricidal and insecticidal powers, with... 

Among the alkaloids, the most unusual example is an acaricidal (lethal to arachnids) monot-erpene derivative, altemicidin (Structure 18.3). This novel alkaloid was purified from amarine strain of Streptomyces sioyaensis SA-1758 isolated from marine sediments collected from the northern part of Japan. It yielded potent antitumor activity in vitro against L1210 murine leukemia and IMC carcinoma cell lines, but was toxic in vivo in mice. Altemicidin is a novel sulfur- and nitrogen-containing microbial metabolite with a monoterpene carbon skeleton.12... 

Pyrimidine thiophosphates (528) are useful insecticides and acaricides (74FRP2197513), whereas the pyrimidine (529) was active against virulent Lewis lung tumour in mice (76JMC524). 2,3,6,7-Tetrahydropyrimidine derivatives (530) can be used in antimicrobial compositions for plants (74FRP2223371) close analogues are claimed to have useful antiinflammatory properties (77GEP2701853). 

Abamectin is an insecticide/acaricide that contains a mixture of avermectin Bja (>80%) and avermectin Bjb (<20%) as active ingredients. Avermectins, which are macrocyclic lactones, are derived from the actinomycete, Streptomyces avermitilis (soil microorganism). It is used to control insect and mite pests of a wide range of agronomic, fruit, vegetable, and ornamental crops. It is also used by home owners for control of fire ants. It has an oral LD50 in rats of 300 mg/kg. 

Pyrrole insecticides are derivatives of pyrrole. Chlorfenapyr is the only insecticide of this class. It is a contact and stomach poison insecticide/acaricide. 

Pyridazinone insecticides are derivatives of pyridazinone. Pyridaben is the only member of this class. It is an insecticide/acaricide with long residual activity against mites, leafhop-pers, thrips, aphids, and whiteflies on fruit trees, vegetables, ornamentals, and other field crops. Its oral LD50 in rats is 820-1350 mg/kg. 

Pyrazole acaricides are derivatives of pyrazole. Tebufenpyrad is a broad-spectrum contact acaricide used for control of all stages of two-spotted spider mites and citrus red mites on cotton, fruits, vegetables, and ornamentals. It has an oral LD50 in rats of 595 mg/kg. Fenpy-roximate is an acaricide for control of important phytophagous mites on cotton, vegetables, fruit, vines, and others. 

Quinazoline acaricides are derivatives of quinazoline. Fenazaquin is the only member of this unique class. It is a contact and stomach poison acaricide used for control of all stages of mites on cotton, stone and pome fruits, citrus, grapes, and ornamentals. Its oral LD50 in rats is 134-138 mg/kg. 

This is a new class of pesticides that are derivatives of 1,4-naphthoquinone. Acequinocyl is the only member of this class. It is a broad-spectrum acaricide used for control of a wide range of mites on vegetables, tree fruits, and tea. Its oral LD50 in rats is >5000 mg/kg. 

Oxazole acaricides are derivatives of oxazole. Etoxazole is an acaricide (growth regulator) for control of mites in citrus, pome fruit, strawberries, nuts, vegetables, and ornamentals. Its oral LD50 in rats is >5000 mg/kg. 

Carbodiimides can be used as stabilizers in thiophosphate based pesticides to prevent hydrolytic degradation. Some carbodiimides show insecticidal and acaricidal properties. Diafenthiuron [l-t-butyl-3-(2,6-diisopropyl-4-phenoxyphenyl)thiourea], an effective insecticide and acaricide, may act via its derived carbodiimide. This transformation is accomplished by sunlight degradation in aqueous solution. The carbodiimide causes inhibition of ATP phosphorylation. An H-labeled derivative of diafenthiuron, [phenoxy-4- H]diafenthiuron, has been prepared to study its photochemical and metabolic degradation. " The biological activity of N-(pyrid-3-yl)thioureas toward spider mites is sensitive to the kinetics of the formation of the carbodiimides and their photochemical stability. ... 

Pesticides are chemicals or biological substances used to kill or control pests. They fall into three major classes insecticides, fungicides, and herbicides (or weed killers). There are also rodenticides (for control of vertebrate pests), nematicides (to kill eelworms, etc.), molluscicides (to kill slugs and snails), and acaricides (to kill mites). These chemicals are typically manmade synthetic organic compounds, but there are exceptions which occur naturally that are plant derivatives or naturally occurring inorganic minerals. 

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