Foliar sprays

Ref 15. Contact effect against adult mites. Eoliar residue bioassay. Table 3. Principal Agricultural Applications of Abamectin Foliar Spray ... 

Diazinon SOW was applied by air blast sprayers in accordance with typical application practices for orchards. Application began in March and continued until early-to mid-July. Dormant sprays typically contained diazinon in an oil mixture. Aqueous emulsions were applied as foliar sprays thereafter. Eqmpment was calibrated to provide an application rate of 3.4 kg active ingredient (a.i.)ha At least five applications were made at approximately 2-week intervals. During these applications, 233 samples were taken from spray tanks across the four treatment fields to estimate the application rate in PA, and 244 samples were collected in WA. 

Flutolanil is a benzanilide fungicide discovered and developed by Nihon Nohyaku Co., Ltd. Flutolanil exhibits excellent control against the following pathogens at rates of 300-1000gha (foliar spray), 1.5-3.0gkg (seed treatment) and 2.5-10.0 kg ha (soil incorporation) Rhizoctonia solani on rice. 

Polycarbonyl and polyamino compounds include chelates, which are manmade compounds, and siderophores, which are biologically derived and more specialized. They can help dissolve inorganic ions, keep ions in one specific ionic state, and maintain them in biologically available forms. Because of their ability to bring ions into solution, they are often used to extract specific ions in specific forms from soil. Cationic micronutrients, particularly iron and zinc, are often applied in chelated form as a foliar spray to alleviate nutrient deficiencies. This is particularly true of plants growing in basic soil and is done even when plants do not show micronutrient deficiencies. Typically, both foliar and soil applications are effective in this regard. 

Liquid seaweed extract (see alsop.l95) is a well-known plant tonic that can be used as a root drip, drench, or foliar spray, to help boost a plant s defenses against pests and diseases. There are a range of other plant-based tonics and stimulants available that are said to have similar effects. They may be worth trying while your garden is adjusting to an organic regimen. 

Moyer, J. W., H. Cole, Jr., and N. L. Lacasse. Suppression of naturally occurring oxidant injury on azalea plants by drench or foliar spray treatment with benzimidazole or oxathin compounds. Plant. Dis. Rep. 58 136-138, 1974. 

Witkonton and Ercegovich (1972) studied the transformation of chlordimeform in six different fruits following foliar spray application. They found //-chloro-o-formotoluidide was the only major metabolite identified in apples, pears, cherries, plums, strawberries, and peaches. Chemical/Physical. Reacts with acids forming soluble salts (Hartley and Kidd, 1987). 

Dwarf Tetracycline, chior-, oxy-, dimethyl-,and other derivatives root immersion foliar spray girdling mulberry carrot tomato potato rice... 

N o Little-leaf Tetracycline foliar spray legumes tomato... 

Two examples of the remarkable potency of avermectin Bj are its LD9Q of 0.02 to 0.03 ppm against the two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae, when applied to bean plants as a foliar spray and its control of the red imported fire ant, Solenopsis invicta, when applied as a bait at a level as low as 25 to 50 mg per acre (19). 

They found a good inverse correlation between sensitivity of a plant to chlorsulfuron and the rate of metabolism to this metabolite. For purposes of their study, plants such as wheat, barley and oats which showed only slight to moderate temporary growth inhibition by a foliar spray of 50-400 ppm solution of... 

Methods. Synthetic methods used to create the compounds described in this study and protocols used in the determination of toxicity to motile forms (mites) and eggs (activity expressed as LC50, ppm of foliar spray) have been published (6-10 1). The test organism was Tetranychus urticae (two-spotted mite). 

The cyclopropylmethanol ancymidol 50, applied as soil drench or as a foliar spray, shortened the internodes of ornamental plants. Trials with cultivation of Chrysanthenum morifoUum, Euphorbia pulcherrina and Tulipa gesneriana have been described, Eq. (18) [49]. 

Distribution of Residues Levels in Invertebrates Collected within 24 h of Foliar Spray Applications... 

In addition to borax, which can be applied directly as a fertilizer, special borate products are manufactured for fertilizer use. These include granulated beads for blending with other common fertilizer products and soluble borates for application as liquid foliar sprays. Boron fertilizers are typically applied at a rate equivalent to about one to two pounds elemental boron per acre, depending on the specific crop and soil conditions. As with most fertilizers, excessive application can have adverse results. Borate fertilizers are phyotoxic at high levels and are sometimes used as non-selective herbicides. 

Guazatine is a mixture of guazatine acetates, recommended as a broad spectrum cereal seed treatment, a foliar spray or a dip treatment for fruit and seed potatoes. 

Prothiocarb, Propamocarb. Prothiocarb (superseded compound) and its oxygen analogue propamocarb (Figure 4.33) are selectively active against Oomycetes. Propamocarb, as its hydrochloride, is xylem mobile with uses as a seed treatment, drench, soil incorporation, dip or foliar spray in the control of diseases caused by Oomycetes on ornamentals, tobacco, fruit and potatoes. 

If compounds are to be applied as foliar sprays to control pests,... 

Synthetic chemical barrier preventive foliar sprays with synthetic insecticides, nematicides, acaricides, anticoagulants, fumigants, fungicides or bactericides botanical pesticides containing petroleum derivatives Absent Common... 

Foliar spray -containing abamectm [ANTIPARASITIC AGENTS - AVERMECTINS] (Vol 3)... 

Table 2 Increase in growth and decrease in root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne incognita) infestation of cowpea plants following treatment with foliar spray of the aqueous solution of Cina 1000c. Values are means with S.E. of 10 plants of each batch. Different letters (a, b, c) against the values in a column indicate significant difference (P<0.01) by ANOVA. Data from Environ Ecol 17 269-273 (1999) with permission.

Arsenicum album 199c and Kali iodide 200c reduced fruit rot of guava and mango. Cina 1000c, applied by foliar spray, reduced root-knot disease, caused by nematode parasites, of cowpea plants. The drugs augmented the natural defense response in plants and thus reduced the parasite infection. 

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