Varnishes Vinyl chloride -

Bis(acetylacetonato)manganese shows smoke-retarding properties in poly(vinyl chloride) but Mn203 and MnC03 seem to be superior in this respect.5 The so-called manganese soaps having as anions octanoate, stearate, linoleate, naphthenate and others are used as driers (see Section 66.6.1) for printing inks, varnishes and paints.45... 

Dibutyl phthalate (DBP) is not convenient for PVC plasticization because of its relatively high volatility. It is a good gelling agent for PVC and vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer (PVCA) and so is sometimes used as a secondary plasticizer in plasticizer mixers to improve solvation. DBP is mainly used for cellulose-based varnishes and for adhesives. It has a high dissolving capacity for cellulose nitrate (CN). 

White spirit is used predominantly in the paint industry as a solvent or diluent for oil-based, alkyd resin, chlorinated rubber, and some vinyl chloride copolymer paints light napththas have flash points above 21 "C. Varnish makers and painters (VMP) naphtha (hp 100-150 "C) is used mainly as diluent. 

It was not until the commercialization of synthetic plastics resins in the 1930s that an almost unlimited variety of base materials became available for compounding into adhesives and sealants. Most of the thermoplastic resins were soluble in organic solvents and were used as solvent adhesives for molded plastic articles of the same base composition and sometimes for other materials. Poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC), a thermoplastic developed in 1927, is used today in solvent formulations to bond PVC articles such as coated fabrics, films, foams, and pipe. In the early 1930s, phenolics came into importance as adhesive resins. Before that time they were used as coating varnishes [9, p. 239). About 1931 development of the use of a new phenolic resin for plywoods and veneers began [9, p. 239]. 

Varnish linseed oil. See Linseed (Linum usitatissimum) oil Varnish Makers naphtha Varnish Makers and Painters naphtha. See VM P naphtha Vaseline. See Petrolatum Vaterite. See Calcium carbonate Vat red 23. See Pigment red 179 Vat red 29. See Pigment red 190 VBR. See Vinyl butadiene Vinyl bromide VC. See Vinyl chloride Vinylidene chloride monomer VCM. See Vinyl chloride... 

Polybutadiene Vinyl acetate/butyl acrylate copolymer Vinyl chloride/ethylene copolymer binder, paper treatment Silica, colloidal binder, paper varnishes Dammar... 

Poly(vinylidene chloride) (PVDC). The homopolymer is intractable in the conventional plastics processing techniques. For this reason, copolymers of vinylydene chloride with vinyl chloride or terpolymers with vinyl chloride and acrylonitrile are used. Due to its exceptionally low vapour, gas, and aroma permeability, PVDC films are used for packaging and for the barrier layer in composite films. Paper varnished by PVDC is a widespread packaging material. Trade names Diofan (FRG), Ixan (B), Saran (USA). 

Poly(vinyl acetate) is used for adhesives and as a wood glue (40% solution), as a raw material in lacquers and varnishes (dispersions), and as a concrete additive (in the form of a fine, dispersible powder obtained by spray drying). Poly(vinyl acetate) grades that are more resistant to hydrolysis are obtained by copolymerization with vinyl stearate or vinyl pivalate, since the saponification rate is reduced by the bulkier side groups. Pure poly(vinyl pivalate) has too high a glass transition temperature, 78 C, for most poly(vinyl ester) applications. Other copolymers of vinyl acetate are produced with ethylene (see Section 25.2.1) or vinyl chloride (see Section 25.7.5.3). 

Resorcinol-formaldehyde resin adhesion promoter, thermoplastics Bis (3-triethoxysilylpropyl) amine N-(n-Butyl)-3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane 3-Glycidyloxypropyltriethoxysilane adhesion promoter, thermoset vinyl resins Methacrylatochromic chloride adhesion promoter, thermosets Bis (3-triethoxysilylpropyl) amine N-(n-Butyl)-3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane 3-Glycidyloxypropyltriethoxysilane adhesion promoter, tile cements Methyl hydroxyethylcellulose adhesion promoter, UV cured metal coatings Dimethylaminoethyl acrylate adhesion promoter, varnishes Maleic resin... 

Electrical properties have been reported on numerous carbon fiber-reinforced polymers, including carbon nanoflber-modified thermotropic liquid crystalline polymers [53], low-density polyethylene [54], ethylene vinyl acetate [55], wire coating varnishes [56], polydimethyl siloxane polypyrrole composites [50], polyacrylonitrile [59], polycarbonate [58], polyacrylonitrile-polycarbonate composites [58], modified chrome polymers [59], lithium trifluoromethane sulfonamide-doped polystyrene-block copolymer [60], boron-containing polyvinyl alcohols [71], lanthanum tetrafluoride complexed ethylene oxide [151, 72, 73], polycarbonate-acrylonitrile diene [44], polyethylene deoxythiophe-nel, blends of polystyrene sulfonate, polyvinyl chloride and polyethylene oxide [43], poly-pyrrole [61], polypyrrole-polypropylene-montmorillonite composites [62], polydimethyl siloxane-polypyrrole composites [63], polyaniline [46], epoxy resin-polyaniline dodecyl benzene sulfonic acid blends [64], and polyaniline-polyamide 6 composites [49]. 

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