Tolerance characteristics

System Interconnect Reliability From the standpoint of reliability, the shared memory system in the global bus both have problems in the area of single-point failures If a failure of the bus or the central memory occurs, the entire system is incapacitated A ring system, when bypass hardware is employed, demonstrates very good fault tolerant characteristics. 

This anionic surfactant (Figure 8.5) is also derived from oleochemical sources and has a good biodegradability profile. It is currently used in only a limited number of markets (primarily in Japan), but has recently gained some prominence in the U.S. market. Its good hardness tolerance characteristics (Figure 8.12) and its ability to also function as a hydrotrope make this surfactant a good candidate... 

To overcome the one-sidedness of safety evaluation, based on the characteristics of parallel structure and parallel processing, safety status of oil depot can be evaluated comprehensively by choosing suitable evaluation index Using the fault tolerant characteristics of neural network, non numerical index can be calculated by choosing suitable function and data structure to realize fuzzy safety evaluation of oil depot. 

This extreme capacity for deformation mainly results from the highly nonlinear properties of the coiled-coil structures by sacrificing individual protein filaments [65]. Also, the flaw-tolerant characteristic results from the stiffening behavior during the secondary structural transitions for a single filament. In addition to the properties of a single filament, the crosslinks between intermediate filaments are also critical to the mechanical behavior of the intermediate filament network [42]. 

The emergency protection system is assumed to miss the first signal, and the lowest tolerable characteristics are taken for the ECCS. 

Table 1/6.1.1 1 Fault Tolerance Characteristics Name Explanation...

The next revision of the standard is likely to define a Type 3 device in which the fault tolerance characteristics fall between those of Type 2 and Type 4 devices. 

Naik, N., Ramasimha, R., Arya, H., Prabhu, S., ShamaRao, N., 2001. Impact response and damage tolerance characteristics of glass—carbon/epoxy hybrid composite plates. Composites Part B Engineering 32, 565—574. 

Because of its small size and portabiHty, the hot-wire anemometer is ideally suited to measure gas velocities either continuously or on a troubleshooting basis in systems where excess pressure drop cannot be tolerated. Furnaces, smokestacks, electrostatic precipitators, and air ducts are typical areas of appHcation. Its fast response to velocity or temperature fluctuations in the surrounding gas makes it particularly useful in studying the turbulence characteristics and rapidity of mixing in gas streams. The constant current mode of operation has a wide frequency response and relatively lower noise level, provided a sufficiently small wire can be used. Where a more mgged wire is required, the constant temperature mode is employed because of its insensitivity to sensor heat capacity. In Hquids, hot-film sensors are employed instead of wires. The sensor consists of a thin metallic film mounted on the surface of a thermally and electrically insulated probe. 

Product standards may stipulate performance characteristics, dimensions, quaUty factors, methods of measurement, and tolerances and safety, health, and environmental protection specifications. These are introduced principally to provide for interchangeabiUty and reduction of variety. The latter procedure is referred to as rationalization of the product offering, ie, designation of sizes, ratings, etc, for the attribute range covered and the steps within the range. The designated steps may foUow a modular format or a preferred number sequence. 

Copper Development Association P.O. Box 1840 Greenwich, Conn. 06836 Standards for wrought and cast copper and copper alloy products a standards handbook is pubUshed with tolerances, alloy data, terminology, engineering data, processing characteristics, sources and specifications cross-indexes for six coppers and 87 copper-based alloys that are recognized as standards. 

The dimensionally stable characteristic of the metal anode made the development of the membrane chlorine ceU possible. These cells are typically arranged in an electroly2er assembly which does not allow for anode-to-cathode gap adjustment after assembly. Also, very close tolerances are required. 

In addition to the mobihty control characteristics of surfactants, critical issues in gas mobihty control processes are surfactant salinity tolerance, hydrolytic stabihty under reservoir conditions, surfactant propagation through the reservoir, and foam stabihty in the presence of cmde oil saturations. 

Aluminide and sUicide cementation coatings such as TaAl on tantalum and MoSi2 on molybdenum oxidize at slow rates and possess some inherent self-repair characteristics. Fine cracks that appear and are common to these coatings can be tolerated because stable, protective oxides form within the cracks and seal them. Thermal cycling, however, accelerates faUure because of thermal expansion mismatch that ultimately dismpts the protective oxide coating. 

Computerized optimization using the three-parameter description of solvent interaction can facihtate the solvent blend formulation process because numerous possibihties can be examined quickly and easily and other properties can also be considered. This approach is based on the premise that solvent blends with the same solvency and other properties have the same performance characteristics. Eor many solutes, the lowest cost-effective solvent blends have solvency that is at the border between adequate and inadequate solvency. In practice, this usually means that a solvent blend should contain the maximum amount of hydrocarbon the solute can tolerate while still remaining soluble. 

Because of the complexity of designs and performance characteristics, it is difficult to select the optimum atomizer for a given appHcation. The best approach is to consult and work with atomizer manufacturers. Their technical staffs are familiar with diverse appHcations and can provide valuable assistance. However, they will usually require the foUowing information properties of the Hquid to be atomized, eg, density, viscosity, and surface tension operating conditions, such as flow rate, pressure, and temperature range required mean droplet size and size distribution desired spray pattern spray angle requirement ambient environment flow field velocity requirements dimensional restrictions flow rate tolerance material to be used for atomizer constmction cost and safety considerations. 

Some by-product polyethylene waxes have been recently introduced. The feedstock for these materials are mixtures of low molecular weight polyethylene fractions and solvent, generaHy hexane, produced in making polyethylene plastic resin. The solvent is stripped from the mixture, and the residual material offered as polyethylene wax. The products generaHy have a wider molecular weight distribution than the polyethylene waxes synthesised directly, and are offered to markets able to tolerate that characteristic. Some of the by-product polyethylene waxes are distHled under vacuum to obtain a narrower molecular weight distribution. 

Most carrier-active compounds ate based on aromatic chemicals with characteristic odor. An exception is the phthalate esters, which are often preferred when ambient odor is objectionable or residual odor on the fabric caimot be tolerated. The toxicity of carrier-active compounds and of their ultimate compositions varies with the chemical or chemicals involved. The environment surrounding the dyeing equipment where carriers are used should always be weU-ventilated, and operators should wear protective clothing (eg, mbber gloves, aprons, and safety glasses or face shields, and possibly an appropriate respirator). Specific handling information can be obtained from the suppHer or manufacturer. 

Carotenoids have two general characteristics of importance to the food iadustry they are not pH sensitive ia the normal 2—7 range found ia foods, and they are not affected by vitamin C, making them especially important for beverages. They are more expensive than synthetic food dyes and have a limited color range. In their natural environment they are quite stable, but they become more labile when heated or when they are ia solution. Under those conditions, there is a tendency for the trans-double bonds to isomerize to the cis-stmcture with a subsequent loss of color iatensity. The results of controlled tolerance and toxicity tests, usiag pure carotenoids, iadicate that they are perfecdy safe as food colors (132). 

Each precious metal or base metal oxide has unique characteristics, and the correct metal or combination of metals must be selected for each exhaust control appHcation. The metal loading of the supported metal oxide catalysts is typically much greater than for nobel metals, because of the lower inherent activity pet exposed atom of catalyst. This higher overall metal loading, however, can make the system more tolerant of catalyst poisons. Some compounds can quickly poison the limited sites available on the noble metal catalysts (19). 

In selec ting the machines of choice, the use of specific speed and diameter best describe the flow. Figure 10-67 shows the characteristics of the three types of compressors. Other considerations in chemical plant service such as problems with gases which may be corrosive or have abrasive solids in suspension must be dealt with. Gases at elevated temperatures may create a potential explosion hazard, while air at the same temperatures may be handled qmte normally minute amounts of lubricating oil or water may contaminate the process gas and so may not be permissible, and for continuous-process use, a high degree of equipment rehability is required, since frequent shutdowns for inspec tion or maintenance cannot be tolerated. 

Application of IP and NCS in conjunction with specification tolerance limits enables to substantiate acceptance criteria for linear regression metrological characteristics (residual standard deviation, correlation coefficient, y-intercept), accuracy and repeatability. Acceptance criteria for impurity influence (in spectrophotometric assay), solution stability and intermediate precision are substantiated as well. 

Each product is derived from individual pieces of material, individual components and individual assembly processes. The properties of these individual elements have a probability of deviating from the ideal or target value. In turn, the designer defines allowable tolerances on component characteristics in anticipation of the manufacturing variations, but more often than not, with limited knowledge of the cost... 

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