Processing/formulation

M. Pikal, Freeze drying of proteins Process, formulation, and stability, in Formulation and Delivery of Proteins and Peptides (J. Cleland and R. Langer, eds.), ACS Symposium Series 567, 1993, pp. 120-133. 

Yeganeh S, Ratner MA, Mujica V (2007) Dynamics of charge transfer rate processes formulated with nonequilibrium Green s function. J Chem Phys 126 161103... 

Lead Discovery s Lead Optimization/ NCEs Synth. Dev/Batch 0> Process /Formulation s. Dev. jr Launch... 

NACD is an association of chemical distributor companies that purchase and take title of chemical products from manufacturers.62 Member companies process, formulate, blend, repackage, warehouse, transport, and market chemical products to industrial customers. NACD has developed the Responsible Distribution Process (RDP), which is similar in concept to the ACC Responsible Care code. 

To process formulations, thermoplastic and thermosetting resins are used. For thermoplastic resins such as VAAR, the binder is dissolved in a solvent and then mixed with Mg and sodium nitrate until the solvent is evaporated. This formulation can then be stored and used whenever needed. No curing is required after consolidation. On the other hand, the epoxy-PS blend is mixed with an amine... 

The objectives set before investigators in the branch of conjugated processes, formulated by Shilov in the early 1900s, are generally still valid ... 

Quite recently there was an important advance toward a deeper understanding of the nature of catalytic processes. The mobility of electrons at surfaces and the exchange of electrons at phase boundaries between catalyst and substrate were investigated and rules for these processes formulated. 

Thus the second set of comparisons to be made evaluates alternative preclinical development plans to support the lack of a relevant species and planned changes to the cell line, manufacturing process, formulation, or route of administration during development. 

The costs of these latter development activities and the possible failure of processes, formulations or APIs at these stages have serious financial implications for any organization. Whilst the expenditure on developing new catalysts and new polymers can cost many hundreds of millions of dollars, in pharmaceuticals the total R D cost for a single drug is now approaching US 1 billion. 

Integration strategies have traditionally amounted to little more than the definition of new corporate structures, mles, and processes, formulated in the hope that the two corporate entities would simply merge by themselves in the fullness of time. These strategies, however, failed to consider that each of the individuals involved has his or her own personal goals, experience, values, and business inter-... 

No example of pure first-order kinetics of decay has been confirmed, but gasoil cracking often shows decay kinetics which approach first-order behaviour(15). In such cases we envision a mixture of first- and second-order decay taking place in proportions which yield an overall order lying between one and two often close to one. Computer simulations of the behaviour of mixtures of the first- and second-order processes formulated in the manner described above support this view. 

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