Poisoning of catalyst

The methanation reaction is currently used to remove the last traces (<1%) of carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide from hydrogen to prevent poisoning of catalysts employed for subsequent hydrogenation reactions. Processes for conversion of synthesis gas containing large quantities of carbon monoxide (up to 25%) into synthetic natural gas have been investigated to serve plants based on coal-suppHed synthesis gas. 

J. B. Butt and E. E. Petersen, Activation, Deactivation, and Poisoning of Catalysts, Academic Press, San Diego, Calif., 1988. 

Fig. 6. Catalyst inhibition mechanisms where ( ) are active catalyst sites the catalyst carrier and the catalytic support (a) masking of catalyst (b) poisoning of catalyst (c) thermal aging of catalyst and (d) attrition of ceramic oxide metal substrate monolith system, which causes the loss of active catalytic material resulting in less catalyst in the reactor unit and eventual loss in performance.

Deactivation and Poisoning of Catalysts, edited by Jacques Oudar and Henry Wise... 

Logical, mixing constraints, to avoid explosive mbctures, poisoning of catalysts, generation of toxic materials, deterioration of product quality, and other consequences resulting from the unintentional mixing of various chemicals. 

Catalyst Poisoning, L. Louis Hegedus and Robert W. McCabe Catalysis of Organic Reactions, edited by John R. Kosak Adsorption Technology A Step-by-Step Approach to Process Evaluation and Application, edited by Frank L. Slejko Deactivation and Poisoning of Catalysts, edited by Jacques Oudar and Henry Wise... 

Possible dangerous increase in NH3 concentration measure and log pressure differential Impurities, possible poisoning of catalyst proper maintenance... 

The physical adsorption of solvent molecules in catalytic reactions carried out in solutions is often overlooked. The author cannot resist the impression that in many of Maxted s (387) experiments on the poisoning of catalysts the adsorption of solvent molecules plays a more important role than Maxted thinks. It may be expected that a critical study of the adsorption of the solvent molecules and their influence on the adsorption of the poison molecules will lead to even more important conclusions on poisoning than have already been reached by Maxted and collaborators in their systematic and elaborate work. 

Metal location is but one of a number of applications for scanning electron microscope studies in catalysis. Other applications are the study of the morphology of platinum-rhodium gauzes used in the oxidation of ammonia and the poisoning of catalysts, in which the scanning electron microscope results show the location of poisons such as compounds containing sulfur, phosphorus, heavy metals, or coke relative to the location of the catalytic components. 

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