Engineering Data

These constants are dependent upon pressure, temperature and also the composition of the hydrocarbon fluid, as the various components within the system will interact with each other. K values can be found in gas engineering data books. The basic separation process is similar for oil and gas production, though the relative amounts of each phase differ. 

Engineering Data Book, Gas Processors SuppHers Association, 1972. 

Gas Processors Suppliers Association Engineering Data Book, 9th ed.. Gas Processors SuppHers Association, Tulsa, OHa., 1972,1977. 

Copper Development Association P.O. Box 1840 Greenwich, Conn. 06836 Standards for wrought and cast copper and copper alloy products a standards handbook is pubUshed with tolerances, alloy data, terminology, engineering data, processing characteristics, sources and specifications cross-indexes for six coppers and 87 copper-based alloys that are recognized as standards. 

M. W. KeUogg Co., Saline Water Data Conversion Engineering Data Book, 3rd ed.. Office of Saline Water Contract No. 14-30-2639, U.S. Department of the Interior, Washington, D.C., 1975. 

Evereac Tattery Engineering Data, Vol. 3, Eveready Battery Co., St. Louis, Mo., 1984. 

Evereaef Battey Engineering Data, Temperature Effects, BE-282, 1988. 

One goal of catalyst designers is to constmct bench-scale reactors that allow determination of performance data truly indicative of performance in a full-scale commercial reactor. This has been accompHshed in a number of areas, but in general, larger pilot-scale reactors are preferred because they can be more fully instmmented and can provide better engineering data for ultimate scale-up. In reactor selection thought must be given to parameters such as space velocity, linear velocity, and the number of catalyst bodies per reactor diameter in order to properly model heat- and mass-transfer effects. 

TABLE 12-3 Spray-Pond Engineering Data and Design ... 

FIG. 16-49 Two-bed TSA system with regeneration equipment. Reprinted with permission of GPSA. Reference Engineering Data Book, 10th ed.. Gas Processors Suppliers Association, Tulsa, 1988, Sec. 20, p. 22. )... 

Figure 16-49 [Engineering Data Book, 10th ed., Gas Processors Slippers Association, Tulsa, 1988, Sec. 20, p. 22] depicts the flow scheme for a typical two-bed TSA dryer system showing the auxiliary equipment associated with regeneration. Some of the diy product gas is externally heated and used couutercurreutly to heat and desorb water from the adsorber not currently drying feed. The wet, spent regeneration gas is cooled the water is condensed out and the gas is recycled to feed for recovery.

Because standardized equipment designs and complete engineering data are available for many common types of conveyors, their performance can be accurately predicted when they are used with materials having well-known conveying charac teristics. However, even the best conveyors can perform disappointingly if material characteristics are unfavorable. It is often true that conveyor engineering is more of an art than a science problems involving unusual materials or equipment should be approached with caution. 

The family of short curves in Fig. 29-45 shows the power efficiency of conventional refrigeration systems. The curves for the latter are taken from the Engineering Data Book, Gas Processors Suppliers Association, Tulsa, Oklahoma. The data refer to the evaporator temperature as the point at which refrigeration is removed. If the refrigeration is used to cool a stream over a temperature interval, the efficiency is obviously somewhat less. The short curves in Fig. 29-45 are for several refrigeration-temperature intervals. A comparison of these curves with the expander curve shows that the refrigeration power requirement by expansion compares favorably with mechanical refrigeration below 360° R (—100° F). The expander efficiency is favored by lower temperature at which heat is to be removed. 

GPSA 1987. Engineering Data Book. Chapter 3, Measurement and Chapter 4, Instrumentation. Gas Processors Suppliers Association, Tulsa, OK. 

Engineering Data Book, Natural Gas Proeessors Suppliers Assoeia-tion, Seetion 2, Volume 1, 1994. 

Finally, it is worth investigating how deterministic values of material strength are calculated as commonly found in engineering data books. Equation 4.14 states that the minimum material strength, as used in deterministic calculations, equals the mean value determined from test, minus three standard deviations, calculated for the Normal distribution (Cable and Virene, 1967) ... 

The GPSA Engineering Data Book has an excellent section on reboilers. The most common types are the following ... 

An equation was developed by the author from the pump efficiency curves in the eighth edition of The GPS A Engineering Data Book. provided by the M. W. Kellogg Co. The curves were found to check vendor data well. The equation admittedly appears bulky, but is easy to use. 

GPSA Engineering Data Book, Natural Gas Processors Suppliers Association, 8th Ed., 1966 and 9th Ed., 1972. 

The following handy graph from the GPSA Engineering Data Book allows quick estimation of a gas s heat-... 

Table 1 from the GPSA Engineering Data Book compares standard and high efficiency motors. Table 2 from GPSA compares synchronous and induction motors. Table 3 from Evans shows the effect of a large range of speeds on efficiency. 

The GPSA Engineering Data Boole provides the following four graphs (Figures 2-5) showing the effect of altitude, inlet pressure loss, exhaust pressure loss, and ambient temperature on power and heat rate. 

---