Sulfur-containing organic chemicals

Chemical/Pharmaceutical/Other Class Sulfur-containing organic chemical substances of the type R-SH (R = an alkyl group)... 

Both Watts and sulfamate baths are used for engineering appHcation. The principal difference in the deposits is in the much lower internal stress obtained, without additives, from the sulfamate solution. Tensile stress can be reduced through zero to a high compressive stress with the addition of proprietary sulfur-bearing organic chemicals which may also contain saccharin or the sodium salt of naphthalene-1,3,6-trisulfonic acid. These materials can be very effective in small amounts, and difficult to remove if overadded, eg, about 100 mg/L of saccharin reduced stress of a Watts bath from 240 MPa (34,800 psi) tensile to about 10 MPa (1450 psi) compressive. Internal stress value vary with many factors (22,71) and numbers should only be compared when derived under the same conditions. 

Elemental sulfur is mined along the U.S. Gulf Coast by the Frasch process (Figure 24-2). Most of it is used in the production of sulfuric acid, H2SO4, the most important of all industrial chemicals. Sulfur is used in the vulcanization of rubber and in the synthesis of many important sulfur-containing organic compounds. 

S.N. Raicheva, B.V. Aleksiev, E.I. Sokolova, The effect of the chemical sttucture of some nitrogen-and sulfur-containing organic compounds on their corrosion inhibiting action, Corros. Sci. 34 (1993) 343-350. 

This pictogram is accompaiued by at least a three-letter code as minimum, referring to 12 standardized class of chemicals A primary alcohols, B ketones, C nitrile compounds, D chlorinated paraffin, E sulfur-containing organic... 

Butadiene - Unsaturated hydrocarbon gas Carbon disulfide - Sulfur-containing organic compound, smallest liquid organic sulfide Chlorine - Acid gas hIgh-volume chemical commodity DIchloromethane - Chlorinated paraffin smallest liquid chloralkane... 

The organic chemical structural types believed to be characteristic of coals include complex polycyclic aromatic ring systems with connecting bridges and varied oxygen-, sulfur-, and nitrogen-containing functionalities. 

This chapter describes the chemical behavior of a-sulfinyl and a-sulfonyl carbanions. The stereoelectronic effects of these sulfur-containing groups have been the subject of much controversy for more than a decade which has now gradually settled down. Meanwhile, the special features of the chemical behavior of these groups have been utilized for syntheses of thousands of useful organic substances. This chapter deals with the... 

Organic solvents or mixtures of water and solvents such as acetone or water-acetone are commonly used to extract chemicals from sediment samples as for upland soil. An analysis of sediment, collected from waterways or extremely low Eh paddies, frequently requires the removal of sulfur-containing species, although there is little interference from sulfur if the sediments are in a not very reductive condition. Reduced copper and silver nitrate columns are usually used for the removal, but these procedures are not always successful. Recovery studies could be needed to confirm an interference with sulfur. 

Synthetic wastewater containing organic model pollutant was prepared using two different concentrations, 20 and 80 mgL , of the commercial dye Cibacron Marine P2R-01, C.l. Reactive Blue 137 (RB137) obtained from Ciba-Geigy, and deionezed water pH 7, conductivity less than 1 pS cm. Other chemicals (H2O2, 30 % sulfuric acid, >95 % and sodimn hydroxide, p.a.) were supplied by Kemika, Croatia. 

Organic solvents such as methanol, ethanol, and other alcohols are used for pulping. This process is economical for small- to medium-scale mills with significant recovery of chemicals for reuse. However, pulping must be conducted in enclosed containers to prevent the loss of volatile solvents and for workers safety. Additionally, some of these processes are more energy intensive than traditional methods. Major benefits include the elimination of odorous sulfur-containing compounds in the effluents and air. 

If this is the approximate temperature where diffusion becomes probable, it is therefore also die temperature where a chemical reaction between a good oxidi2er and a mobile, reactive fuel becomes possible. This is a very important point from a safety standpoint - the potential for a reaction may exist at surprisingly low temperatures, especially with sulfur or organic fuels present. Table 5.2 lists the Tammann temperatures of some of the common oxidizers. The low temperatures shown for potassium chlorate and potassium nitrate may well account for the large number of mysterious, accidental ignitions that have occurred with compositions containing these materials. 

In comparison with other 1,3-dipoles that have been extensively explored in organic synthesis (7), sulfur-centered 1,3-dipoles (1-4) are rather uncommon species. However, within the last two decades, remarkable progress has been made regarding both methods of generation and synthetic applications. In particular, thiocarbonyl ylides (1) were established as key intermediates useful for the preparation of sulfur-containing heterocyclic compounds. General methods for the preparation of thiocarbonyl ylides and their chemical reactivity have been reviewed (8-11). 

Mackay, D., W. Y. Shiu, and K. C. Ma, Eds., Illustrated Handbook of Physical-Chemical Properties and Environmental Fate for Organic Chemicals, Vol. IV Oxygen, Nitrogen, and Sulfur Containing Compounds, CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, 1995. 

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