Trisulfonic acid

Indigo-5,5, 7-trisulfonic acid (Na salt) 0.332 -0.081 <9 Colorless to blue... 

Both Watts and sulfamate baths are used for engineering appHcation. The principal difference in the deposits is in the much lower internal stress obtained, without additives, from the sulfamate solution. Tensile stress can be reduced through zero to a high compressive stress with the addition of proprietary sulfur-bearing organic chemicals which may also contain saccharin or the sodium salt of naphthalene-1,3,6-trisulfonic acid. These materials can be very effective in small amounts, and difficult to remove if overadded, eg, about 100 mg/L of saccharin reduced stress of a Watts bath from 240 MPa (34,800 psi) tensile to about 10 MPa (1450 psi) compressive. Internal stress value vary with many factors (22,71) and numbers should only be compared when derived under the same conditions. 

A munber of organic compounds are suitable for use as tracers in a process for monitoring the flow of subterranean fluids. The following traces have been proposed benzene tetracarboxylic acid, methylbenzoic acid, naphthalenesulfonic acid, naphthalenedisulfonic acid, naphthalene-trisulfonic acid, alkyl benzene sulfonic acid, alkyl toluene sulfonic acid, alkyl xylene sulfonic acid, a-olefin sulfonic acid, salts of the foregoing acids, naphthalenediol, aniline, substituted aniline, pyridine, substituted pyridines [883]. 

Jackson, P., The use of polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis for the high-reso-lution separation of reducing saccharides labeled with the fluorophore 8-ami-nonaphthalene-l,3,6-trisulfonic acid. Detection of picomolar quantities by an imaging system based on a cooled charge-coupled device, Biochem. ]., 270, 705, 1990. 

Chiesa, C. and Horvath, Cs., Capillary zone electrophoresis of malto-oligosac-charides derivatized with 8-aminonaphthalene-l,3,6-trisulfonic acid,. Chromatogr., 645, 337, 1993. 

The first intravascular sensor for simultaneous and continuous monitoring of the pH, pC>2, and pCC>2 was developed by CDI-3M Health Care (Tustin CA)14 based on a system designed and tested by Gehrich et al.15. Three optical fibres (core diameter = 125 pm) are encapsulated in a polymer enclosure, along with a thermocouple embedded for temperature monitoring (Figure 3). pH measurement is carried out by means of a fluorophore, hydroxypyrene trisulfonic acid (HTPS), covalently bonded to a matrix of cellulose, attached to the fibre tip. Both the acidic ( eXc=410 nm) and alkaline ( exc=460 nm) excitation bands of the fluorophore are used, since their emission bands are centred on the same wavelength (/-cm 520 nm). The ratio of the fluorescence intensity for the two excitations is measured, to render the sensor relatively insensitive to fluctuations of optical intensity. 

Cascade Blue cadaverine and Cascade Blue ethylenediamine both contain a carboxamide-linked diamine spacer off the 8-methoxy group of the pyrene trisulfonic acid backbone. The cadaverine version contains a 5-carbon spacer, while the ethylenediamine compound has only a 2-carbon arm. Both can be coupled to carboxylic acid-containing molecules using a carbodiimide reaction (Chapter 3, Section 1). Since Cascade Blue derivatives are water-soluble, the carbodiimide EDC can be used to couple these fluorophores to proteins and other carboxylate-containing molecules in aqueous solutions at a pH range of 4.5-7.5. The reaction forms amide bond linkages (Figure 9.39). 

This procedure is based on the method of Smith, Opie, Waw-zonek, and Prichard3 for the preparation of 2,3,6-trimethyl-phenol. 3-Hydroxypyrene has been prepared by fusion of pyrene-3-sulfonic acid with sodium hydroxide 4 and by desul-fonation of 3-hydroxypyrene-5,8,10-trisulfonic acid with hot, dilute sulfuric acid.5... 

Fig. 1.5. Examples of hydrophobic, hydrophilic and amphiphilic probes. 1 pyrene. 2 8-hydroxypyrene-l,3,6-trisulfonic acid, trisodium salt (pyranine). 3 8-alkoxypyrene-l,3,6-trisulfonic acid, trisodium salt. 4 1-...

Pyranine, 8-hydroxypyrene-l,3,6-trisulfonic acid 8-Hydroxypyrene-1,3,6-trisulfonic acid (HPTS, also known as pyranine) can be used as a pH indicator. At low pH, HPTS fluorescence is greater with 405 nm excitation, whereas at neutral pH, fluorescence at 440 nm excitation is greater than at 405 nm excitation. Therefore, a strong fluorescence signal at 405 nm excitation indicates HPTS in acidic compartments (endosomes and lysosomes) a strong signal at 440 nm indicates HPTS in neutral compartments (cytosol) (126 128). 

Quenched fluorophores are encapsulated in liposomes and exposed to the inhibitors in the desired concentrations. If leakage of liposomes occurs, fluorescence intensity should increase significantly. Examples for applied markers are (i) self-quenching calcein (<60mM) (ii) HPTS (35mM) with the quencher DPX (50mM) (126,128) and (hi) 8-aminonaphthalene-l,3, 6-trisulfonic acid (ANTS) and DPX. 

TPPTS triphenylphosphine-3,3, 3"-trisulfonic acid trisodiimi salt... 

Hydroxycarbazole has been prepared by heating the 3-sulfonic acid with strong alkali," and its 2-isomer has been prepared by converting the 2,3,6,8-tetra acid to 2-hydroxycarbazole-3,6,8-trisulfonic acid with hot alkali and then aqueous acidic removal of the three residual sulfonic acid groups. ... 

Ertekin and coworkers developed an additional optical COj sensor based on the fluorescence signal intensity changes of the pH-sensitive fluorescent dye 8-hydroxypyrene-l,3,6-trisulfonic acid trisodium salt (HPTS) dissolved in ILs [18]. When HCO3 was added to HPTS solution, the fluorescence intensity of the peak centered around 520 nm decreased by 90% in [C4Qlm] [BF4] and by 75% in [C4Cilm]Br. The reported detection limit for CO2 (g) was 1.4% while the detection limit for dissolved COj was 10 M HCO3. The sensor exhibited excellent stability and repeatability over a time period >7 months. 

The samples used were 10"5 M aqueous solutions of 8-hydroxypyrene-I,3,6-trisulfonic acid trisodium salt (HPTS or 3sPyOH) (Sigma-Aldrich) in buffers of pH 6 and pH 10. UV-Vis absorption spectra of the dye solutions at different pH environments were obtained with a Hitachi U-4001 uv-vis spectrophotometer. 

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