Spill kits

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Become familiar with the location and use of standard safety features in your laboratory. All chemistry laboratories should be equipped with fire extinguishers, eyewashes, safety showers, fume hoods, chemical spill kits, first-aid supplies, and containers for chemical disposal. Any questions regarding the use of these features should be addressed to your instructor or teaching assistant. 

Draw a schematic picture of your biochemistry lab and mark locations of the following safety features eyewashes, first-aid kit, shower, fire extinguisher, chemical spill kits, and direction to nearest exit. 

Larger spill Notify the instructor wear gloves and shoe protectors, use a spill kit designed for the chemical. 

Students and workers should know what to do when emergencies occur, including escape routes, emergency phone numbers and phone calls, and the location and use of emergency equipment (e.g, alarms, eyewashes, showers, fire extinguishers, and spill kits). 

For large spills, a spill kit is advised to contain the spill and prevent its incursion to local watercourses. The recovery of fast pyrolysis liquid as an adsorbed waste may mean that it must be treated as "special waste" for disposal. Where possible, contaminated adsorbent should be recovered and stored in sealed containers for subsequent disposal. 

When mercury does spill, a thorough cleanup is necessary, and various commercial spill kits are available. Scrubbing with an aqueous solution of sodium thiosulfate has been reported to work well. A written set of work procedures and personal protective equipment should be considered in situations where mercury spills can occur. 

Kitty litter or a chemical spill kit should be used to clean spills. For large spills, the school administration and the local fire department should be notified. Biological spills should also be handled only by the teacher. Contamination with biological waste can be cleaned by using bleach when appropriate. 

A spill should be promptly cleaned up using either a commercial solvent spill kit material to absorb the hquid or a preparation of equal parts of soda ash, sand, and clay cat htter, which has been recommended as an absorbent. Since the lower explosion limit concentrations are so low for so many of the commonly used ethers, all ignition sources should be promptly turned off following a spill and all except essential personnel required to leave the area. The personnel performing the clean up should wear half-face respirators equipped with organic cartridges. The resulting waste mixture from the clean up can be placed in a fume hood temporarily until removed from the laboratory for disposal as a hazardous waste. 

Large quantities of each item should not be needed in a typical spill kit. One or two persons actually working on the clean up, with one person bringing supplies and taking waste away is probably about optimum for an individual laboratory, unless the spiU is rmusually large. Aisle widths in the typical laboratory would preclude easy access of more than a few persons to the spill at a time, so that even if relatively complete protective clothing and equipment were needed, no more than about three sets would be needed at a time. 

Minor spills should be cleaned up immediately by laboratory personnel, providing that the material is not immediately dangerous to life and health (IDLH) and that equipment and supplies to do so are available. A readily accessible basic emergency spill kit should always be maintained within a facility. All personnel should be trained in where it is located, what are supplies are in it, and how to use those supplies. 

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The chemicals in syringes are transported to the SCBs in kits of materials and equipment The chemical hazard from acid and base corrosive chemicals wiQ be mitigated by remote handling in the SCBs and by the sealed process hardware and glassware. -Any spills are contained in a spill tray and cleaned up with an acid spill kit in the SCB. 

Provide both general and specific safety training in handling hazardous drugs Training about location and proper use of spill kits Ensure training meets all relevant OSHA requirements... 

The first and best response to any liquid spill is to immediately clear the area of aU people and quickly notify an instructor. In academic labs, it is very likely that identifying what was spilled will be fairly easy. Since liquids spread easily, if possible to do so safely, it is best to build a small dike around the spiU area using sand, an absorbent material, or a spill pillow that both absorbs the liquid and prevents further spread. Containing the spill is best, but you should not put yourself at risk to do this. If you use a spiU kit, you should tell someone in authority about the incident and particularly note that the spill kit was used. Returning an empty spill kit to a shelf is unsafe since it will not be ready for a subsequent emergency ... 

FIGURE 2.2.2.1 Chemical Spill Kit. There are many kinds of spill kits. It is best to know their location in laboratories since some spills should be contained as quickly as possible. 

Many laboratories have buckets or cabinets with supplies for cleaning up chemical spills. These are often called chemical spill kits (see Figures 2.2.2.1 Figure 2.2.2.2). While these kits are likely to contain written instmctions and needed supplies and protective equipment, you should not attempt to clean up a spill unless you have received some instruction and demonstration about carrying out a cleanup operation. Depending on the nature of the chemical, it may be possible to clean up a spill with only a few paper towels that are then disposed of in an appropriate manner (ask what is appropriate). For larger spills you should seek assistance, which often comes from the institution s health and safety department. 

While there are spill kits for mercury, you should seek professional assistance in cleaning up mercury spills. Unless you have been specifically trained in cleaning up hydrofluoric acid, mercury, or other reactive chemicals, you should not attempt to deal with these spills yourself. Seek professional assistance, usually the environmental, health, and safety department of your institution. These spills are especially hazardous and require more experience. 

After the spilled material is absorbed, transfer the absorbent to a waste container—there is usually a bucket, scoops, and bags in the spill kit for this. Put the other contaminated materials in the bucket also. 

You are likely to encounter chemical spills during your work in the laboratory. You should know what you will do before this happens—remember the prepare part of RAMP. You should know where the nearest spill kit is located and inspect it to understand what it contains and how it can be used to clean up spills. If possible, you should ask for a training session to practice cleaning up a spill. 

When you do clean up a spill, follow the instructions provided in the spill kit. You should ask for assistance or for others to observe you doing this cleanup. Dispose of cleanup materials used for the spill as hazardous waste with the appropriate label. 

Minimize the effect of the spill by using available resources such as a spill kit and call for assistance. 

Prepare for spills that you might experience by learning how to clean up a spill, finding the nearest spill kit, and understanding how to use this effectively. 

A spill kit may include personal protective equipment, buckets, scoops, absorbing agents, plastic bags, and paper towels. Which of these materials should be included as part of the material to be disposed of by trained personnel ... 

Use. This information can be used in developing a safety plan. Laboratories are sometimes equipped with spill kits and you may be able to take care of small spills. As part of your plan you may need to identify special materials for the cleanup, and prepare for that potential event. Larger spills probably need to be managed by safety professionals or emergency response personnel. 

If there is a spill of a corrosive, it is important to isolate the area, keep other students away, report the spill to an instructor immediately, and use a spill kit if appropriate to do so. Responding to such a situation is discussed more in Sections 2.1.3 and 2.2.2. 

Prepare for emergencies by learning locations of eyewashes, safety showers, sinks, and spill kits. 

When working in a new lab, perhaps at a new university or industrial research lab, it is important to acquaint yourself with the safety equipment that is available. Take time to find the location of fire extinguishers, safety showers and eyewashes, spill kits, and emergency exits. Locate natural gas shut-off valves and telephones. Know the address of the building in which you are working if you have to call 911. 

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