Special-Purpose Tests

To alleviate the effects of vessel motion, a number of alternative systems have been developed. One of these is a seabed jacking machine (Figure 4.5). This is a device that is tethered to the survey vessel. The advantage of this type of deployment system is that the vessel mohon is not felt by the sampler or sensor. The disadvantage of the system is limited penetration. In the following sections, deployment systems will be discussed in detailed along with sensors, sensor calibration, and special purpose tests. 

Special-Purpose Tests 4.5.1 Plate Bearing Tests... 

The proposed test conditions are less restrictive than those required by the International Standards series ISO 3740-3747, which are based on sound pressure measurements. The proposed standard is based on the sampling of the intensity normal to a measurement surface at discrete points on this surface. The method can be applied to most noise sources that emit noise that is stationary in time and it does not require special purpose test environments. 

Special purpose articles describe analytical methodology for specialized systems such as art objects, surfaces, or residues (see Fine ART examination AND CONSERVATION NONDESTRUCTIVE TESTING SURFACE AND INTERFACE ANALYSIS and, Trace AND RESIDUE ANALYSIS). Many of the techniques Utilized for these systems ate also discussed ia materials charactetizatioa and separations articles. The methodology and some of the techniques are unique, however, and the emphasis ia these special topics articles is oa appHcatioa to a particular system. 

Special-Purpose Resins, Repair Resins. Fractured acryflc dentures can be repaired with materials similar in composition to cold-cured denture resins. These materials generally cure more rapidly because of the relative simple manipulations involved. The process is quick and there is fltde dimensional change, but the strength of the repaired denture may be only half that of the original appliance (213). Test methods and requirements of these materials are given in ANSI/ADA specification no. 13 for denture cold-curing repair resins. 

Textile motors Crane motors Determining the size of motor Sugar centrifuge motors Motors for deep-well pumps Motors for agricultural application Surface-cooled motors Torque motors or actuator motors Vibration and noise level Service factors Motors for hazardous locations Specification of motors for Zone 0 locations Specification of motors for Zone I locations Motors for Zone 2 locations Motors for mines, collieries and quarries Intrinsically safe circuits, type Ex. f Testing and certifying authorities Additional requirements for ciritical installations Motors for thermal power station auxiliaries Selection of a special-purpose motor... 

Particular techniques and instruments may, of course, be required for special purposes for instance the preparation of specimens for specific examination (for example, metallographic examination) and tests of their polishing, cutting, drawing, rolling, etc. 

Fire Door A specially constructed, tested, and approved door installed for the purpose of preventing the spread of fire. 

For special purposes the effect of blood glucose lowering agents is studied in glucose loaded animals. Rabbits of either sex weighing 3.0-4.5 kg are treated either once (0.5 h after test compound) or twice (0.5 and 2.5 hours after test compound) orally with 2 g glucose/kg body weight in 50 % solution. 

To prove utility and consequently establish an actual reduction, facts must be presented that will convince the man skilled in the field that the invention will function satisfactorily for its intended purpose (8). We have just explained how the intended purpose is determined. To determine what those skilled in the particular specialty involved would require to be convinced the invention would function as intended, three things are considered (a) published literature on the subject or analogous subject (b) what did the inventor think was necessary to establish utility (c) any special nature of the intended use. If the literature indicates the invention is obviously useful for the intended purpose, testing may not be required (10). 

Figure 2 Set-up of the photostability testing equipment Suntest CPS. (1) Xenon burner, (2) UV light mirror, (3) visible light mirror, (4) quartz dish, (5) optional light filter for special purposes, (6) parabolic reflector, (7) sample level. Source From Ref. 6.

Microburners are also useful for heating boiling tubes and test tubes, sealing the ends of melting point tubes (see p. 88), making micropipettes for chromatography (see p. 217) and bending the ends of Pasteur pipettes for special purposes (see p. 112). 

Test vessel size and type Tanks with a surface area of at least 5 m2, a depth of at least 1.25 m, and a volume of at least 6 m3 made of fiberglass or some other inert material smaller tanks could be used for special purposes in studies without fish... 

Other organizations also set up standard definitions for special purposes—for example, the Trade Standards Division of the U. S. Department of Commerce in connection with commercial standards 19), the Federal Specifications Board for government purchase specifications and the American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists as part of textile test methods. 

The specifications for Special Purpose lead azide given in U. S. military specification MIL-L-14758 are the same as those for RD1333 lead azide except that the detonator test and other minor requirements are dropped. 

Of over one million pounds of Special Purpose lead azide produced, approximately half was not consumed but stockpiled. Later this stockpile material was tested for compliance with the RD 1333 specification and was found to be suitable. After other tests, not covered in the specification and described elsewhere in this volume, the use of Special Purpose lead azide was authorized in place of RD 1333 lead azide in the United States. Since there is such a large stockpile of Special Purpose lead azide, all U.S. CMC-type lead azide needs for several decades could be supplied by this material if it could be preserved for this length of time. The most interesting point brought forward here is that certain process parameters can be varied seemingly without affecting product quality. Others, such as CMC type, have to be held constant to maintain quality. Unfortunately, without empirical studies as conducted by Taylor et al. and Hopper, the knowledge to predict which parameters are critical is not available. 

The only known in situ study [39] of material stored in bulk was conducted on Special Purpose lead azide (Chapter 1), as described in more detail in Section D.4, below. In addition, dextrinated lead azide that had been in storage for 25 years and had been repackaged was tested for suspected sensitivity changes. However, the sensitivity was found to be almost identical to that of a flesh preparation that was tested concurrently [38]. 

Hammer ACE is the Air Force s special purpose, quick reaction communication unit that supports worldwide emergency and disaster response forces, civil disaster relief operations, and military exercises and communication equipment testing/evaluation. 

Spherical indentation is easily to perform. However, a determination of the resulting stress state in the scale seems to be too difficult.Thus, this test can be used mainly for comparative studies. The bend test is presumably more appropriate for determining fracture-mechanical properties. Other specimen deformation can be more suitable for special purposes. 

Five other special purpose labeling systems should be mentioned in a handbook on the subject of precautionary labeling. These are the National Fire Protection Association (l PA) 704 system, the National Institute for Occupational Safety Health (NIOSH) system, the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) proposal, the NPCA Paint Label Guide, the NPCA Hazardous Materials Information System (HMIS) and ANSI a jimct systems by the J. 

These tests provide an answer to the question What happens qualitatively and, whether looking for new phenomena or sorting likely catalysts for special purposes, require the scanning of many contacts as in the typical industrial problem. The risk that an outstanding catalyst may be missed will be minimized if the scouting work is not too closely bounded owing to excessive reliance upon literature or sketchy theory a framework of background exploration is essential. 

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