Boiling, heating

The final correlation for the overall boiling heat-transfer coefficient in pipes or channels (20) is a direct addition of the macroscopic (mac) and microscopic (mic) contributions to the coefficient ... 

In fossil fuel-fired boilers there are two regions defined by the mode of heat transfer. Fuel is burned in the furnace or radiant section of the boiler. The walls of this section of the boiler are constmcted of vertical, or near vertical, tubes in which water is boiled. Heat is transferred radiatively from the fire to the waterwaH of the boiler. When the hot gas leaves the radiant section of the boiler, it goes to the convective section. In the convective section, heat is transferred to tubes in the gas path. Superheating and reheating are in the convective section of the boiler. The economizer, which can be considered as a gas-heated feedwater heater, is the last element in the convective zone of the boiler. 

The solution of sodium methyl sulfide in absolute alcohol is transferred to a 3-I. three-necked flask, which is placed on a steam bath and fitted with a dropping funnel, a reflux condenser, and a mechanical stirrer. The solution is heated until the alcohol begins to boil. Heating is then discontinued and 302 g. (3.7s moles) of ethylene chlorohydrin (Note 5) is added dropwise with efficient stirring over a period of about two hours (Note 6). The reaction mixture is concentrated by distilling as much of the alcohol as possible on the steam bath. The mixture is then allowed to cool and the sodium chloride removed by filtration. The flask is rinsed, and the sodium chloride washed with three loo-cc. portions of 95 per cent alcohol. The combined filtrate and washings are concentrated on the steam bath under reduced pressure until no further distillate passes over. The residue is then transferred to a modified Claisen flask (Org. Syn. Coll. Vol. i, 125) and fractionally distilled under reduced pressure. The yield is 238-265 g. (74-82 per cent of the theoretical amount based on the sodium used) of a product boiling at 68-7o°/20 mm. 

Figure 10-98. Levy correlation for boiling heat transfer equation. (Used by permission Levy, S. ASME paper no. 58-HT-8, 1958. American Society of Mechanical Engineers. All rights reserved.)...

Process the side boiling heat transfer coefficient ... 

Levy, S., Generalized Correlation of Boiling Heat Transfer, Paper No. 58-HT-8, presented AlChE-ASME Joint Heat Transfer Conference, Chicago, Aug. 1958, pub. ASME Journal of Heat Transfer (1959). 

Bergles, A. E. and W. M. Rohsenow, The Determination of Eorced-Convection Surface-Boiling Heat Transfer, Trans, of the ASME Journal ofiHeat Transfier, (1963), Paper No. 63-HT-22. 

Chen, J. C., A Correlation for Boiling Heat Transfer to Saturated Fluids in Convection Flow, Heat Trans. Div. ASME Conference, Boston (1963), Paper No. 63-HT-34. 

Rohsenow, W. M., Nucleation with Boiling Heat Transfer, Heat Trans. Div. ASME, Conference, Detroit, Ml, May (1970), Paper No. 70-HT-18. 

Vachon, R. I., G. H. Nix, G. E. Tanger, and R. O. Cobb, Pool Boiling Heat Transfer from Teflon-Coated Stainless Steel, ASME Journal Heat Trans., V. 91, Aug. (1969) p. 364. 

Zanker, A. Nomograph Determines Heat Flux of Incipient Boiling, Heating/Piping/Air Conditioning, May (1978) p. 105. 

Fig. 2.9 Typical boiling heat-uansfer characteristics At is the temperature difference between the solution and the metal surface...

Mercer, A. D., Laboratory Research in the Development and Testing of Inhibited Coolants in Boiling Heat Transfer Conditions , in Engine Coolant Testing Slate of the Art 1979. ASTM STP 705, W. H. Ailor, ed., 53-80 (1980)... 

SATURATED MOLECULAR MELTING BOILING HEAT OF COMBUSTION OF... 

B2. Barnett, P. G., The scaling of forced convection boiling heat transfer, AEEW-R.134 (1963). 

B7. Barte, D. R., Bankoff, S. G., and Colahan, W. J., Summary of conference on bubble dynamics and boiling heat transfer held at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, June 14th-15th, 1956, JPL Memo. No. 20-137, Calif. Inst. Tech., Pasadena. 

B16. Berenson, P. J., Transition boiling heat transfer, Natl. Heat Transfer Conf, 4th, A.l.Ch.EIASME, 1960, Preprint No. 18. 

E2. Ellion, M. E., A study of the mechanism of boiling heat transfer, JPL Memo. No. 20-88, Calif. Inst. Technol., Pasadena, California (1954). 

H7. Hines, W. S., Forced convection and peak nucleate boiling heat transfer characteristics for hydrazine flowing turbulently in a round tube at pressures to 1000 psia, Rept. No. 2059, Rocketdyne, Canoga Park, California (1959). 

Ivey, H. J., Acceleration and the critical heat flux in pool boiling heat transfer, Proc. Inst. Mech. Engrs. (London) (1962). 

N2. Noel, M. B., Experimental investigation of the forced convection and nucleate boiling heat transfer characteristics of liquid ammonia, JPL Tech. Rept. No. 32-125 (July 1961). 

Salt, K. J., and Wintle, C. A., Design and operation of a transistorized bridge-type detector for burnout in boiling heat transfer experiments, AEEW-R.330, H.M. Stationery Office, London (1964). 

Stock, B. J., Observations on transition boiling heat transfer phenomena, ANL-6175 (1960). 

T3. Tong, L. S., Boiling Heat Transfer and Two-Phase Flow. Wiley, New York, 1965. 

Mostinski, I.L. Brit. Chem. Eng. 8 (1963) 580. Calculation of boiling heat transfer coefficients, based on the law of corresponding states. 

Chapter 7 deals with the practical problems. It contains the results of the general hydrodynamical and thermal characteristics corresponding to laminar flows in micro-channels of different geometry. The overall correlations for drag and heat transfer coefficients in micro-channels at single- and two-phase flows, as well as data on physical properties of selected working fluids are presented. The correlation for boiling heat transfer is also considered. 

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