Silk sericin

Bast, m. n. bast gum (of silk), sericin. Bastand., abbrev. (Barometerstand height of barometer. 

Besides the previously mentioned collagen, a wide variety of natural polymers have been involved in the synthesis of bio-nanohybrid materials with potential application in bone repair and dental prostheses. For instance, some recent examples refer to bionanocomposites based on the combination of HAP with alginate [96,97], chitosan [98,99], bovine serum albumin (BSA) [100], sodium caseinate [101], hyaluronic acid [102], silk fibroin [103,104], silk sericin [105], or polylactic add (PLA) [106,107]. These examples illustrate the increasing interest in the subject of HAP-based biohybrid materials, which has led to almost 400 articles appeared in scientific journals in 2006 alone. 

Lazo, N. D., and Downing, D. T. (1999). Crystalline regions of Bombyx mori silk fibroin may exhibit beta-turn and beta-helix conformations. Macromolecules 32, 4700-4705. Lee, K. H. (2004). Silk sericin retards the crystallization of silk fibroin. Macromol. Rapid Commun. 25, 1792-1796. 

As the coating protein of cocoon silk, sericin is proposed for bioapplications, although it has been reported to cause hypersensitivity (Altman et al., 2003). It is suggested that sericin could suppress the development of colon tumor by reducing cell proliferation and nitric acid production (Zhaorigetu,... 

Rajendran, R., Balakumar, C., Sivakumar, R., Amruta, T, and Devaki, N. (2012). Extraction and application of natural silk sericin from bombyx mori as antimicrobial finish for cotton fabrics, 103,458-462. 

Amino-acid (mol % ) a-Keratin (wool) Fibroin (silk) Sericin (silk)... 

Functional properties of some synthetic fibres can be improved by coating with silk sericin protein. Sericin modified polyester have been reported by Yamada Matsunaga [16] and Wakabayashi and Sugioka [17]. The sericiiHnodified polyester is five times more hydroscopic than untreated polyesters. Althoi sericin tqiplication on tmctiles for antibacterial property enhancement has not been reported as yet, but it has a potential for such an application and our group is expltning the same. 

Y Q Zhang, Application of natural silk sericin in biomaterials . Biotechnology Advances, 2002 20 91-100. 

The silk sericin is an important part of the cocoon shell. Recently, several unique sericin properties, such as affinity to human skin and hair (Voegeli et al., 1993), induction of heterogeneous nucleation of apatite (Takeuchi et al., 2003), and enhanced... 

Apart from the concentrafion of sericin, its extraction method has been shown to influence cell viability, also. If compared to heat, acid, or alkaline extraction methods, urea-extracted silk sericin is linked to the lowest cell viability of L929 mouse fibroblast (Aramwit et al., 2010). Sericin can also be used to replace bovine semm in cell freezing media. It cryopreserves cells as effectively as standard freeze medium containing foetal bovine serum. This effect has been demonstrated for various cell lines including P3U1 myeloma cell line, Chinese hamster ovary CHO cells, human dermal fibroblasts, human epidermal keratinocytes, the rat phaeochromocytoma cell line PC 12 and Sf9 insect cells (Sasaki et al., 2005), human primary hepatocytes (Miyamoto et al., 2010), rat pancreatic... 

Aramwit, P., Kanokpanont, S., De-Eknamkul, W., Srichana, T., 2009. Monitoring of inflammatory mediators induced by silk sericin. Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering 107 (5), 556-561. 

Aramwit, P., Palapinyo, S., Srichana, T., Chottanapund, S., Muangman, P., 2013. Silk sericin ameliorates wound healing and its clinical efficacy in bum wounds. Archives of Dermatological Research 305 (7), 585—594. 

Siritientong, T., Angspatt, A., Ratanavarapom, J., Aramwit, P., 2014. Clinical potential of a silk sericin-releasing bioactive wound dressing for the treatment of split-thickness skin graft donor sites. Pharmaceutical Research 31 (1), 104—116. 

Teramoto, H., Nakajima, K., Takabayashi, C., 2005. Preparation of elastic silk sericin hydrogel. Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry 69 (4), 845—847. 

Teramoto, H., Kakazu, A., Asakura, T., 2006. Native structure and degradation pattern of silk sericin studied by NMR spectroscopy. Macromolecules 39 (1), 6—8. 

Silk sericin was extracted from Bombyx mori in hot water. A 5 g per 100 ml aqueous solution of PVA (M = 91 000) was mixed with sericin in various ratios. Films with 0.05 mm thickness were prepared on a glass plate. 

Alginate Silk sericin loaded nanoparticles To promote antiinflammatory efficacy [27]... 

Khampieng T, Aramwit P, Supaphol P. Silk sericin loaded alginate nanoparticles preparation and anti-inflammatory efficacy. Int J Biol Macromol. 2015 80 636-43. 

Silk sericin is a natural protein derived from a silkworm Bombyx mori. Most of the sericin must be removed during silk production. Thus, sericin recovery and reuse increases the sustainability of silk production.Moreover, the blending of sericin with rubber made the latter more biocompatible and gave it durable skincare properties. ... 

Sericin is recovered during the various stages of producing raw silk. Sericin is oxidation-, bacterial-, and UV-resistant, and it absorbs and releases moisture rapidly. Sericin can be cross-linked, copolymerized, and blended with other macromolecular materials, especially artificial polymers. The materials modified with sericin and sericin composites are useful as degradable biomaterials, biomedical materials, polymers, functional membranes, fibers, and fabrics [26]. 

Hang Y, Zhang Y, Jin Y, Shao H, Hu X (2012) Preparation of regenerated silk fibroin/silk sericin fibers by coaxial electrospinning. Int J Biol Macromol 51(5) 980-986. doi 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2012.08.010... 

Shi, L., Yang, N., Zhang, H., Chen, L., Tao, L., Wei, Y, Lin, H., Lno, Y, 2015. A novel poly-(gamma-glutamic acid)/silk-sericin hydrogel for wound dressing synthesis, characterization and biological evaluation. Mater. Sci. Eng. C Mater. Biol. Appl. 48, 533-540. 

Siritienthong, T., Ratanavaraporn, J., Aramwit, R, 2012. Development of ethyl alcohol-precipitated silk sericin/poly vinyl alcohol scaffolds for accelerated healing of full-thickness wounds. Int. J. Rharm. 439, 175-186. 

For chemical characterisation of nanofibres, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), circular dichroism (CD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray scattering can be used. For molecular structural analysis, vibrational spectroscopic technique such as FTIR is employed. This technique allows to find the chemical reaction between constituent polymers in case of polymer blends [6, 259]. FTIR results demonstrated that in as-spun fibres, silk sericin was present in a random coil conformation, but after heat treatment, the molecular structure was transformed into a 3-sheet based structure [260]. 

Rahman Khan MM, Tsukada M, Zhang XH, Morikawa H (2013) Preparation and characterization of electrospun nanofibers based on silk sericin powdtrs. J Maba Sci 48 3731-3736... 

---