Fibroblasts, mouse

Triplex forming bis-PNA Electroporation None Mouse fibroblasts Mutation induction [84]... 

NGF Nerve growth factor NGPS Normal guinea-p serum NIH 3T3 (fibroblasts) National Institute of Health 3T3-Swiss albino mouse fibroblast NIMA Non-inherited maternal antigens... 

Ratnam, S. and Kent, C. (1995) Early increase in choline kinase-activity upon induction of the H-Ras oncogene in mouse fibroblast cell-lines. Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics 323, 313—322. 

Stimulation of murine peritoneal macrophages with IFNy and LPS induced NO synthesis and activated IRE binding by IRP-1 and IRP-2. This activation is NO dependent and accompanied by a loss of the aconitase activity of IRP-1. This was also shown to occur in other cell types, such as the erythroid cell line K562, rat brain slices and mouse fibroblast lines and did not require cytokine stimulation. The activating effects of NO may depend on a direct interaction with the 4Fe-4S cluster or a slow effect on the low-molecular-weight iron pool. Activation of IRP-2 by LPS and IFN-y has not been universally confirmed (reviewed by Cairo and Pietrangelo, 2000). 

Fizgerald, D., Morris, R.E., and Saclingcr, C.B. (1980) Receptor-mediated internalization of pseudomonas toxin by mouse fibroblasts. Cell 21, 867. 

Much less is known about the cytotoxic and antiproliferative effects of the 20(S)-PPT family of ginsenosides. Ginsenoside Rhi has been reported to inhibit proliferation of the NIH 3T3 mouse fibroblast cell line but did... 

Chadee DN, Allis CD, Wright JA, Davie JR (1997) Histone Hlb phosphorylation is dependent upon ongoing transcription and replication in normal and ras-transformed mouse fibroblasts. J Biol Chem 272(13) 8113-8116... 

Oncogene-transformed mouse fibroblasts have a more decondensed chromatin structure than parental cell lines [59]. Phosphorylated Hl -3 levels are elevated in oncogene (ras, raf, fes, mos, myc) and aberrantly expressed MAPKK (MEK) transformed mouse fibroblasts, which have elevated activities of MAPK (ERKl and 2) [59] (Fig. 6). Further, RZ)-deficient human fibroblasts have increased levels of phosphorylated HI and a relaxed chromatin structure [60]. Cyclin E-Cdk2 was directly involved in increasing the levels of phosphorylated HI [60]. Elevated cyclin E-Cdk2 activity resulting from persistent activation of the Ras-MAPK pathway is also responsible for increased level of phosphorylated HI in oncogene-transformed mouse fibroblasts [61]. 

Ser-10 phosphorylation of H3 precedes acetylation at Lys-14 and at Lys-9 [87-89] (Fig. 7). In studies with EGF-stimulated mouse fibroblasts, preventing the... 

Relationships between histone methylation and DNA methylation and histone acetyation and DNA methylation have been reported [191,314,315], A similar relationship may exist between poly(ADP ribosylated) HI and DNA methylation. Inhibition of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase with 3-aminobenzamide increases the susceptibility of L929 mouse fibroblast nuclei to be methylated by endogenous DNA methyltransferases [316,317], Further, there is evidence that poly(ADP ribosylation) protects CpG islands located at the 5 end of housekeeping genes from methylation [318], Future studies will likely reveal an interesting dynamic relationship between histone methylation, histone acetylation, and histone poly(ADP-ribosylation). 

Overexpression of PKC( has been reported to be required for mitogenic maturation of Xenopus oocytes and led to deregulation of growth control in mouse fibroblasts (Berra et al., 1993). However, these effects of PKC in Xenopus oocytes seem not to be clear (Carnero et al., 1995). In U937 monocytic leukemia cells PKC( overexpression decreased proliferation rate and saturation density, indicating the induction of differentiation (Ways et al.,... 

PKC seems to be involved in murine keratinocyte proliferation. A correlation between PKCfi expression and enhanced cell proliferation was also observed for NIH3T3 mouse fibroblasts overexpressing human PKCp (Rennecke et al., 1999). 

The reader should be aware that other types of cells expressing CD 154 have been used to stimulate CLL cells. These include mouse fibroblast L-cells (NTL) (12, 20, 21, 23, 28) and baby hamster kidney cells (27). The CD 154 NIH3T3 cells used in this study were kindly provided by Dr. Eldering (Department of Pathology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands). 

Schiff PB, Horwitz SB. Taxol stabilizes microtubules in mouse fibroblast cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1980 77(3) 1561—1565. 

The phototoxicity test 3T3 NRU was proposed in 1994 and is so far the only in vitro method that has been validated by European regulatory authorities for predicting the photoirritant potential of substances [5,40,41]. In this test, the mouse fibroblasts cell line Balb/c 3T3 is exposed to simulated solar UV (or, more frequently, solar UVA) in the presence of the test compound after an incubation of 1 h in the dark. Evaluation of cytotoxicity is performed 24h post-exposure using the neutral red uptake (NRU) method. N RU permits to distinguish live and dead cells, since intact cells retain this dye (detailed method in INVITOX protocol 78). The validation was performed with substances selected on the basis of their in vivo photoirritant or phototoxic properties. Some of these structures are shown in Table 19.1. 

The cytotoxicity test described in ISO 10993-5 is a good example. It is a rapid, standardised test, very sensitive and can characterise materials and significant quantities of harmful extractables and their effect on cellular growth. Because of the high sensitivity, mouse fibroblasts L929 are used as the test cells routinely. 

Evaluation of the cell growth by the growth inhibition test according to ISO 10993-5 using mouse fibroblasts L929 and crystal violet as staining substance... 

Sudden infant death syndrome. Water-soluble smoke extract, in cell culture supernatants of mouse fibroblasts (L-929 cell line), produced an increase in TNF-a from respiratory syncytial virus-infected cells. It decreased TNF-a from cells incubated with toxic shock syndrome toxin. Incubation with cigarette smoke extract decreased the NO production from respiratory syncytial virus-infected cells and increased the NO production from cells incubated with toxic shock syndrome toxin. Monocytes from a minority of individuals demonstrated extreme TNF-a responses and/or very high or very low NO. The proportion of samples in which extreme responses with a very high TNF-a and very low NO were detected was increased in the presence of the three agents to 20% compared with 0% observed with toxic shock syndrome toxin. One to 4% was observed with cigarette smoke extract or respiratory syncytial virus L Symphatomimetic activity. Water extract of the dried leaf, administered intravenously to cats at doses of 0.05 and 10-20 mg/kg. 

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