Myeloma cell lines

Monoclonal antibodies are derived from a single, monospecific B cell clone. Monoclonal antibodies can be obtained from hybridoma cells that result from the fusion of antibody-producing B cells with immortal cells of a myeloma cell line. 

The thalidomide analogs CPS49 (30) and CPS11 (31) have been reported to inhibit PI3/AKT signaling in multiple myeloma cells via an anti-angiogenic effect. These compounds are devoid of the teratogenic properties seen with thalidomide and are currently in preclinical development [66]. Compound 30, and to a lesser extent 31, induced a dose-dependent inhibition of proliferation in several multiple myeloma cell lines and reduced phospho-AKT levels [66]. These compounds also inhibited DNA synthesis in cell lines resistant to conventionally used anti-multiple myeloma drugs (e.g. dexamethasone, anthracyclines and melphalan) in a dose-dependent manner. 

Spets, H., P. Georgii-Hemming, J. Siljason, K. Nilsson, and H. Jernberg-Wiklund, Fas/APO-1 (CD95)-mediated apoptosis is activated by interferon-gamma and interferon- in interleukin-6 (IL-6)-dependent and IL-6-independent multiple myeloma cell lines. Blood, 1998. 92(8) 2914-23. 

As noted, one of the remaining challenges in obtaining human hybridoma cells for generahng human monoclonal antibodies is the lack of suitable human myeloma cell lines to generate stable hybrid cells that can be cloned and expanded indefinitely in culture. Many human hybridoma... 

Karpas, A., A. Dremucheva, and B.H. Czepulkowski, A human myeloma cell line suitable for the generation of human monoclonal antibodies. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 2001. 98(4) 1799-804. 

Kenten, J.H., Molgaard, H.V., Houghton, M., et al. (1982). Cloning and sequence determination of the gene for the human immunoglobulin e chain expressed in a myeloma cell line. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 79, 6661-6665. 

Fuse them with a myeloma cell line ... 

Jazirehi AR, Bonavida B. 2004. Resveratrol modifies the expression of apoptotic regulatory proteins and sensitizes non-Hodgkin s lymphoma and multiple myeloma cell lines to paclitaxel-induced apoptosis. Mol Cancer Ther 3 71-84. 

Vaisbourd M, Ignatovich O, Dremucheva A, Karpas A, Winter G (2001), Molecular characterization of human monoclonal antibodies derived from fusions of tonsil lymphocytes with a human myeloma cell line, Hybrid Hybridomics 20 287-92. 

Callies, R Sri-Pathmanathan, R.M., Ferguson, D.Y.P., Brindle, K.M. (1993). The appearance of neutral lipid signals in the H NMR spectra of a myeloma cell line correlates with the induced formation of cytoplasmic lipid droplets. Magn. Reson. Med. 29, 546-550. 

In an attempt to overcome this problem Kohler and Milstein (1975, 1976) have reported the results of fusing a mouse myeloma cell line with spleen cells taken from a mouse immunised with sheep erythrocytes. The hybrids were cloned and clones secreting anti-sheep erythrocyte antibodies selected. 

Shipman, C.M., Rogers, M.J., Apperley, J.F., Russell, R.G., and Croucher, P.I. (1997). Bisphosphonates induce apoptosis in human myeloma cell lines a novel anti-tumour activity. Br J Haematol 98 665-672. 

Successful hybridoma production relies on the ability to (1) generate specific Rcells, (2) fuse them with a myeloma cell line, (3) identify the antibodies that are sought in culture supernatants, and (4) isolate and clone the... 

Billadeau, D., Liu, P., Jelinek, D., Shah, N., LeBien, T. W. and van Ness, B. (1997). Activating mutations in the N- and K-ras oncogenes differentially affect the growth properties of the IL-6-dependent myeloma cell line ANBL6. Cancer Res. 57, 2268-2275. 

This is a mouse BALB/c myeloma cell line secreting IgA (Halpem Coffman, 1972 Lundblad et al, 1972 Oi et al, 1983). The cell line is used in transfection studies. 

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