Safety rules violation

WAS A COMPANY OR GOVERNMENT SAFETY RULE VIOLATED BY THE PRINCIPAL OR OTHER INDIVIDUAL(S) INVOLVED IN THE ACCIDENT ... 

Safety rule violation (actual observation, or the evidence that a rule... 

Management must rely on supervisors to enforce work rules, which include safety rules. If safety rules have been established for the warehouse, it is important that everyone know what the rules represent. However, some supervisors make the mistake of thinking that the only unsafe acts committed by employees are safety-rule violations. Unsafe acts are not always violations of established safety rules. Many supervisors may not recognize or take action against employees committing unsafe acts if a safety rule has not been violated. Management must be concerned with all unsafe acts, not just those safety rules that have been established as work rules. 

While before 1964 the main cause of poisoning was the violation of safety rules, more recently the causes of poisoning have been violating quarantine periods when returning to treated fields, violating health protection zones, and ingesting water and food products contaminated by pesticides (emphasis ours - authors). 

Mechanical injuries (cuts, scrapes, bruises, dislocations, broken bones, etc.) are as a rule caused by the violation of safety rules when servicing moving mechanisms, machines, elevators or faulty equipment they can also be caused by breakdown of equipment or piping. 

Then, when he licked his fingers to pick up a piece of paper, he noticed the intensely sweet taste of the compound. To confirm his suspicions about the compound, he added some of it to his coffee-a practice that violates all laboratory safety rules -and found that it was more than satisfactory as a substitute for sugar. Searle began the testing and application procedure needed to gain approval from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, a long and drawn-out procedure that ended only in 1981, 25 years after its discovery. 

In such cases where should management draw their line of safety, beyond which violations will not be tolerated, when it often depends on a split second, and needs someone there to witness it This closely links to both the enforcement of safety rules and also worker engagement with safety. This is explored in more detail in Chapter 7, and of course begins to explain why safety violations also form such an accepted aspect of site life. 

The distinctions between these two voices create a dissonance in the way the enforcement of safety works. Whilst those at the higher corporate level seek to develop and position safety only positively, through no-blame cultures and realities intolerant of violation to the point of denial, those who manage and participate in construction site practices on a daily basis at site level instead have a version of safety firmly positioned within a reality of rules, violations, enforcements and punishments. Yet this latter approach also has the potential to create an understanding, or rather misunderstanding, that safety is the rules, rather than any wider considerations of safety and practice. In fact, when the safety rules are explored in more detail, their associations with safety become rather irrelevant and the enforcement of safety is much more bound up in issues of discipline and punishment on a societal level, rather than the potential consequences of any safety violations themselves. 

This foreman was talking about his own site operatives and his own management of safety, however, the way he talks about site safety rules gives them a very minor status - just an odd rule. Reference to violations as odd reduces their impact in both frequency and severity, and positions them within a reality where safety violations (which in practice could be very serious in terms of consequences) are frequently minimised through relatively casual talk and linguistic associations. Furthermore, this foreman s enforcement process does not fit within any wider management practice or process framework and no punishment is included within this level of interaction. This subcontractor s foreman is happy to simply enforce safety without further recourse or punitive action to his own site... 

Indeed, safety violations are more often than not seen as bending rather than breaking the rules, with little association with danger or the potential for incident or injury. In fact, when people talk about violations and breaking safety rules, it isn t the potential of an incident or injury that becomes the consequence, rather it is the potential of being caught and punished that is of the greatest concern. 

And interestingly, at the site level, alongside the acceptance of safety violation as the natural state of affairs, punishment or some other form of redress for such violations is actually found to be expected. Although violations are often constructed without consequences of personal injury or accidents, they are constructed within a context where punishment might well be the correct course of action, should the perpetrator be caught. The construction site workforce expects safety rules to be bent as a matter of course, and if the perpetrators are caught, punishment is certainly due. 

The different levels of management found within the construction site context, and the different ways in which they implement and construct safety on sites create what can be termed a hierarchy of safety. Through the relationships that develop between the violators of the safety rules and those tasked with their enforcement at various levels of management, further considerations of how the responsibility for, and ownership of, safety works in practice can be explored. 

Unpacking the enforcement of site safety rules has suggested that both site supervisors and operatives simply accept violations as part of their daily work, and are also resigned to the punishment dealt out if the perpetrator is caught. However, this clearly shifts responsibility... 

Filing of safety or health complaints with OSHA or other regulatory agency relating to a violation of a commercial motor vehicle safety rule, regulation, standard, or order... 

If someone working for the operator observes an infraction of safety rules, then he or she should generally contact the contractor job representative rather than deal directly with the offending employee. However, for imminent danger situations and flagrant violations, any employee can and should demand that the infraction be corrected immediately. They will then report their actions to management. 

Given the pressures under which many nanotech researchers work, it is not surprising that they occasionally resort to taking shortcuts in doing their work. Sometimes these shortcuts violate published laboratory safety rules. How would other nanotech researchers react if they observed a researcher in their lab taking a prohibited shortcut ... 

Under general administrative law, a licence may be revoked if the licensee commits a major breach of conditions upon which the licence is based. The violated condition need not be express for a breach to have this effect, but it is of course a prerequisite that the rule violated can be fairly and objectively attributed to the licence. In relation to safety aspects, this implies that even if the compliance with safety requirements has not specifically been made a condition for an approval, licence, exemption or other type of individual decision, the non-compliance with safety requirements may result in the revocation of the beneficial administrative decision. In this way, general principles and rules of administrative law supplements shortcomings that may exist in the rules on revocation that are found in the safety legislation. Similarly, the Criminal Code is applied to the offshore petroleum activities by general reference, which implies that the specific criminal sanctions contained in the safety legislation are supplemented by general rules. 

Boris Rogozhkin, shift chief at the plant s fourth reactor, was sentenced to five years in a labour camp for violating safety rules and a two-year sentence to run concurrently for negligence and unfaithful execution of his duties. 

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