Labour camps

Change to development plan, June 1942, 164 Construction completed, 175 Construction labour camps,... 

The former head of the Chernobyl nuclear plant power station, and two aides, were sentenced today to 10 years in a labour camp, the maximmn term they faced for their part in the world s worst nuclear accident. 

Three other officials received terms of up to five years in a labour camp at the end of a three week trial, most of which was held behind closed doors in the town of Chernobyl, 18 km (11 miles) southeast of the atomic station. 

Boris Rogozhkin, shift chief at the plant s fourth reactor, was sentenced to five years in a labour camp for violating safety rules and a two-year sentence to run concurrently for negligence and unfaithful execution of his duties. 

Money did exist in some camps, produced by the prisoners, but it was not a payment for work, for the workers were slave-labourers. It was a reward for good behaviour. In Sachsenhausen concentration camp another type of fake money existed. Prisoners successfully faked the Allies money in the 1940s, leading to panic on the part of the Bank of England. 

Pj-selective agonists such as prenalterol (Figure 10.5) or dobutamine are used to stimulate heart contractility and heart rate in patients that exhibit too low blood pressure. P2-Selective agents such as terbutaline find application for relaxation and dilatation of the bronchi in the treatment of asthma or chronic obstmctive lung disease, and in the suppression of premature labour. The mechanism of P-receptor-induced relaxation of smooth muscle - cAMP-mediated phosphorylation and inhibition of myosin light chain kinase - has been described before. 

After a time, the statistics of the size and scope of the American poison gas programme begin to glaze the eye.27 Pine Bluff alone, at its peak, employed 10,000 men and women it even made use of the labour supplied by a nearby prisoner of war camp. From 31 July 1942 when it first went into production, through to 1945, the Arsenal produced literally millions of grenades, bombs and shells filled with chemical agents, as well as thousands of tons of chlorine, mustard gas and Lewisite. At the end of the war most of it had to be dumped in the sea its manufacture had cost the American taxpayer 500 million. 

Polish POWs and forced labourers 150,000-200,000 Estonian, Lithuanian, and Latvian Wehrmacht and SS soldiers, slave labourers, and civilians fleeing the Soviets 100,000-150,000 ethnic Ukrainians and 250,000 Jewish refugees, including a small group who had survived the death camps and death marches (Cohen 2012 5-6). 

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