Safety checklist

The comprehensive and detailed assessment of the risks required for a safely case can only be satisfactorily carried out for major installations with the aid of computer software. Programs for quantitative risk analysis have been developed by consulting firms specializing in safety and environmental protection. Typical of the software available is the SAFETI (Suite for Assessment of Flammability Explosion and Toxic Impact) suite of programs developed by DNV Technica Ltd. These programs were initially developed for the authorities in the Netherlands, as a response to the Seveso Directives of the EU (which requires the development of safety cases and hazard reviews). The programs have subsequently been developed further and extended and are widely used in the preparation of safety cases see Pitblado et al. (1990). 

Checklists are useful aids to memory. A checklist that has been drawn up by experienced engineers can be a useful guide for the less experienced. However, too great a 

A short safety checklist, covering the main items that should be considered in process design, is given here. 

More detailed checklists are given by Carson and Mumford (1988) and Wells (1980). Balemans (1974) gives a comprehensive list of guidelines for the safe design of a chemical plant, drawn up in the form of a checklist. A loss prevention checklist is included in the Dow Fire and Explosion Index Hazard Classification Guide (Dow, 1994). 

The checklist is intended to promote thought, to raise questions such as Is it needed What are the alternatives Has provision been made for, checked for Has it been provided  

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Chapter 2 of CCPS s Guidelines for Engineering Design for Process Safety (CCPS, 1993a) provides an Inherent Safety Checklist. This checklist has been adapted and is provided in Appendix A. 

Where such internal inspection work is carried, out a safety checklist and processes for confined space entry permit system and tag-out/lock-out MUST be undertaken before any person enters the boiler. The inspection of waterside surfaces should be carried out by a suitable qualified person and will benefit from employing either an instant camera or a video camera (Horoscope or similar fiberoptic-based device) to record any parts of the boiler where corrective action is needed. 

You may wish to refer to other documents, eg works rules, safety checklists, training programmes, emergency instructions, etc. 

A typical process design safety checklist is shown in Figure 10-2. Note that three checkoff columns are provided. The first column is used to indicate those areas that have been thoroughly investigated. The second column is used for those items that do not apply to the particular process. The last column is used to mark those areas requiring further investigation. Extensive notes on individual areas are kept separate from the checklist. 

Figure 10-2 A typical process safety checklist. A list of this type is frequently used before a more complete analysis. Adapted from Henry E. Webb, What To Do When Disaster Strikes, in Safe and Efficient Plant Operation and Maintenance, Richard Greene, ed. (New York McGraw-Hill, 1980).

The first step in the procedure is to conceptually divide the process into separate process units. A process unit is a single pump, a reactor, or a storage tank. A large process results in hundreds of individual units. It is not practical to apply the fire and explosion index to all these units. The usual approach is to select only the units that experience shows to have the highest likelihood of a hazard. A process safety checklist or hazards survey is frequently used to select the most hazardous units for further analysis. 

In addition, the reviewers recommended the following (1) Hang phosgene indicator paper around the hood, room, and operating areas (this paper is normally white but turns brown when exposed to 0.1 ppm of phosgene), (2) use a safety checklist, daily, before the process is started, and (3) post an up-to-date process sketch near the process. 

V. Safety checklist Provides the complete safety checklist for the operator to complete before operation of the process. This checklist is used before every startup. 

Develop a safety checklist for the system described in Example 10-3 and shown in Figure 10-11. The intention of the checklist is to ensure the system is safe before operation. 

Generally offshore facilities and major process plants onshore represent considerable capital investment and have a high number of severe hazards associated with them (blowouts, ship collisions, line and vessel ruptures, etc.). They normally cannot be easily evaluated with a simple safety checklist approach. Some level of "quantifiable evaluation" reviews are usually prepared to demonstrate that the risk of these facilities is within public, national, industry and corporate expectations. 

Safety checklists, 13 155 Safety control systems, nuclear power facility, 17 554... 

The second part of the book contains 4 chapters on case histories and studies relating to chemical storage, and the appendices deal with specific aspects of labeling, purchasing chemicals, microcomputing, safety equipment, flash points of solvents and a safety checklist. A revised second edition is in press. 

Detailed safety checklists appear in books by Fawcett and Wood (Chap. 32, Bibliography 1.1, Part E) and Wells (pp. 239-257, Bibliography 1.1, Part E). These books and the large one by Lees (Bibliography 1.1, Part E) also provide entry into the vast literature of chemical process plant safety. Lees has particularly complete bibliographies. A standard reference on the properties of dangerous materials is the book by Sax (1984) (References, Section... 

TABLE 1.6. Safety Checklist of Questions About Chemical Reactions... 

Servicing standards will also provide advice on safety, checklists for inspections, product operating conditions, inhibitor reserves to be maintained, and provide methods of sampling, analysis, monitoring, reporting, etc. 

General safety checklist for identifying process hazards... 

Detailed safety checklists appear in books by Fawcett and Wood (1982) and Wells (1980). These books and the volume by Lees (1996) also provide entry into the vast hterature of chemical... 

Detailed mass and energy balance Safety checklists... 

The US Fire Administration has issued the following Home Fire Safety Checklist ... 

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