Hazard review

Reactive Hazard Review Reactive hazards should be evaluated using reviews on all new processes and on all existing processes on a periodic basis. There is no substitute for experience, good judgment, and good data in evaluating potential hazards. Reviews should include ... 

Performing an electrostatic hazard review of the whole plant and all the processes whenever powders and flammable solvents are used... 

The motivation for ensuring good indoor air quality should be obvious. The Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970 emphasizes the need for standards to protect the health and safety of workers. To fulfill this need, the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) has developed a strategy for disseminating information that assists employers to protect their workers from workplace hazards. This strategy includes the development of Special NIOSH Hazard Reviews, which support and complement the major standards development and hazard documentation activities of the Institute. These documents deal with... 

The use of any of the above techniques demands knowledge, experience, and flexibility. No prescriptive set of questions or key words or list is sufficient to cover all processes, hazards, and all impacted populations. As a research chemist reviews a chemistry and its potential application, there are advantages to maintaining an open mind when applying the various techniques designed to open up avenues of thought. The reader is referred to Chapter 7 for additional information and direction on the choice of process hazard review techniques. 

Use gravity flow in plant layout where feasible to minimize the need for pumps or solids handling equipment for hazardous materials. Conduct a hazard review to assess the effect of layout on potential spills. 

During process hazard reviews, evaluate each safety critical device or procedure to see if the device or procedure can be eliminated by applying inherently safer principles. Consider the existing plant, the next plant, and the plant after next. 

ICI (Gillett, 1995 Turney, 1990) describes a 6-step hazard review procedure which occurs at specific points in the life cycle of a process, and focuses on inherently safer designs. 

During process hazards reviews (such as HAZOP), inherent safety concepts are also considered. Mistake proofing the design should receive attention and each safety critical device (last line of defense) and safety critical procedure should be examined to see if there is a way to eliminate the need for the device or procedure. 

Implementing an inherent safety review process is one mechanism companies can use to institutionalize inherent safety. The review process should integrate well with company systems for process safety management, new product development, and project execution. Safety, health, and environmental considerations in the new product or process development effort can be strengthened via the introduction of the inherent safety review. Companies may also build inherently safer design concepts into their existing process safety management system and process hazard reviews. 

Capital Project Review and Design Procedures (for new or existing plants, expansions, and acquisitions) Appropriation request procedures Risk assessment for investment purposes Hazards review (including worst credible cases)... 

NIOSH. 1978. Special occupational hazard review of trichloroethylene. Cincinnati, OH U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. 

Hofmann, J.M., 1985, Chemical Process Hazard Review , Am. Chem. Soc. Sympos. Ser., Chapter 1. 

Eisler R. 1987. Mercury hazards to fish, wildlife and invertebrates a synoptic review. US Fish and WUdhfe Service Contaminant Hazard Reviews 10, 90 pp. 

The comprehensive and detailed assessment of the risks required for a safety-case can only be satisfactorily carried out for major installations with the aid of computer software. Suites of programmes for quantitative risk analysis have been developed over the past decade by consulting firms specializing in safety and environmental protection. Typical of the software available is the SAFETI (Suite for Assessment of Flammability Explosion and Toxic Impact) suite of programs developed by DNV Technica Ltd. These programs were initially developed for the authorities in the Netherlands, as a response to the Seveso Directives of the EU (which requires the development of safety cases and hazard reviews). The programs have subsequently been developed further and extended, and are widely used in the preparation of safety cases see Pitblado el al. (1990). 

Burk, Arthur F., 1992. "Strengthen Process Hazards Reviews," Chemical Engineering Progress, June 1992, pp. 90-94. 

PROCESS HAZARD REVIEWS, IN PILOT PLANT SAFETY... 

Process hazard reviews, in pilot plant safety, 18 733 Process hazards analysis of, 21 861 control of, 21 861-863 preventing, 21 832-846 Process industries, weighing in, 26 248 Processing... 

Document systematic hazard reviews and the basis for risk-based decisions... 

Key deliverables are capital project reviews new production leader reviews existing facility hazard reviews on a 3- to 5-year cycle research facility reviews and a formal training and awareness program. 

The company hazard review process was revised in June 1997 to combine reactive chemicals, loss prevention, distribution risk review, EHS review for safety and loss, project risk review, and technology center review. 

Each major company site has a hazard review committee to administer the standard and guideline. The committee includes representatives from process safety, chemistry, reactive chemistry, manufacturing, process engineering, pilot-plant operations, and the technology center. 

Define the release This step may be based on a worst possible case based on the maximum amount of material within a process loop, or a worst probable (credible) case selected from a hazards review. 

For example, the hazard review requirements have the following differences from OSHA s process hazard analysis provision ... 

Prevention program safety information hazard review operating procedures training maintenance incident investigation compliance audit. 

RMP Hazard Review Checklists, What-lf Questions, and HAZOP Procedures... 

Sidebar 5.1. Hazard Review Checklists Checklist for Any WWTP... 

Hazard reviews are generally conducted progressively and in increasing detail during a project to ensure that hazards have been identified and that appropriate hazard mitigation has been applied. The outcome of hazard reviews should form the basis for the initial design and subsequent development of the fire protection system. It is not unusual that, as the overall project... 

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