Reactive Orange dyes

Fig. 4. Carbocychc azo dyes. Disperse Yellow 3 [2832-40-8] (Cl 11855) (26) is used to dye polyester Reactive Orange 1 [6522-74-3] (Cl 17907) (27) is a cotton dye Direct Orange 26 [25188-23-2] (Cl 29150) (28) is a dye for paper Synacril Fast Red 2G [48222-26-0] (Cl 11085) (29) dyes acrylic fibers Acid...

The formation and isolation of solid complexes between cyclodextrins and reactive dyes have been reported, but no dyeing results were presented [29]. Complexes were formed between P-cyclodextrin and Cl Reactive Orange 16, Violet 5, Blue 38 or Blue 114 and between y-cyclodextrin and Cl Reactive Blue 38 or Blue 114. 

A detailed comparison [181] of three vinylsulphone dyes included a low-substantivity monoazo N-acetyl H acid derivative (Cl Reactive Red 35), a monoazo N-acetyl J acid type of higher substantivity (Cl Reactive Orange 82) and a phthalocyanine turquoise somewhat prone to aggregation (Cl Reactive Blue 21). Dyeings of these individual products were subjected to three wash-off procedures ... 

Reactive Orange 96 Anaerobic culture of sulfate-reducing bacteria, methanogens, and fermentative bacteria Sulfate-reducing bacteria removed 95% of the dye in 40 h. Methane producing bacteria did not contribute in dye removal. Fermentative bacteria could remove only 30% of the dye in 90 h [186]... 

Cervantes FJ, Enriquez JE, Mendoza-Hemandez MR et al (2006) The role of sulphate reduction on the reductive decolorization of the azo dye reactive orange 14. Water Sci Technol 54 171-177... 

Continuous culture of immobilized P. chrysosporium on PuF was studied for decolorization of 4 different azo dyes [57]. Acid Black 1, Basic Blue 41, Reactive Black 5, and Reactive Orange 16 (R016) were effectively decolorized depending on the dye concentration. 

In orange dyes of the haloheterocyclic type, the reactive system is invariably attached via the nitrogen of the ] acid coupler. In vinylsulphone dyes, on the other hand, it is normally more convenient to use as diazo component an intermediate such as 7.38 or 7.39 bearing the precursor grouping together with an N-acetylated derivative of ] acid or y acid as coupler, structure 7.93 being typical. 

The effect of nanoporous Ti02 thin-film electrodes on the removal and degradation of the reactive textile dye Reactive orange 16 (R3R) was investigated by physicochemical analytical procedures including RP-HPLC. The chemical structure of the dye is shown in Fig. 3.67. Liquid chromatographic measurements were employed for the separation and detection of the decomposition products of the dye. They were realized in an ODS column... 

Fig. 3.67. Molecular structure of Reactive orange 16 dye. Reprinted with permission from P. A. Cameiro et al. [138].

It was further found that the methods separate well the dyes and impurities, as demonstrated on the preparative chromatographic profile of Reactive orange 16 in Fig. 3.115. It was concluded from the results that the method can be used in the future for the purification and analysis of a wide variety of sulphonated azo dyes [171],... 

Fig. 3.132. HPLC chromatograms of (a) Reactive brown 23 (420 nm detection), (b) Reactive red 2 (Aldrich, 538 nm), and (c) Reactive orange 4 (490 nm) during hydrolysis. Dyes were dissolved at 10 mg/ml in 50 mM Na2C03 pH 10.5. Samples were removed for HPLC analysis at regular time intervals (t). Reactive brown was diluted to 2 mg/ml and injected Reactive red 2 and Reactive orange...

Muruganandham, M Swaminathan, M. Decolourisation of Reactive Orange 4 by Fenton and photo-Fenton oxidation technology. Dyes and Pigments, 2004 63, 315-321. 

Goncalves, MST Pinto, EMS Nkeonye, P Oliveira-Campos, AMF. Degradation of C.l. Reactive Orange 4 and its simulated dyebath wastewater by heterogeneous photocatalysis. Dyes and Pigments, 2005 64, 135-139. 

Gutowska, A Kaluzna-Czaplinska, J Jozwiak WK. Degradation mechanism of Reactive Orange 113 dye by H202/Fe and ozone in aqueous solution. Dyes and Pigments, 2006 in press. 

Bilgi, S Demir, C. Identifieation of photooxidation degradation products of C.l. Reactive Orange 16 dye by gas ehromatography - mass spectrometry. Dyes and Pigments, 2005 66, 69-76. 

Photocatalytic degradation of Reactive Orange 84(RO 84) in dye-house effluent using single pass reactor... 

SYBR dyes for sensitive detection in gels and blots, Chemically reactive SYBR dyes for bioconjugates. The three classes of classic nucleic acid stains are Intercalating dyes (ethidium bromide and propidium iodide), Minor-groove binders, (DAPI and the Hoechst dyes ). Miscellaneous nucleic acid stains with special properties (acridine orange, 7-AAD and hydroxystilbamidine). 39... 

As for PANI/polysaccharide composite, PANI/extracellular composite had successfully apphed for anionic reactive dyes removal, such as reactive brilliant blue R and reactive orange 16 [25]. The electrostatic interactions between dye anions and cationic ammonium in the composite were attributed for the adsorption process with the maximum adsorption capacity of 0.5775 and 0.4748 mmol/g for reactive brilliant blue R and reactive orange 16, respectively. The effect of substituted anihne to adsorption was investigated by synthesizing several alkyl-substituted aniline/chitosan composites... 

An example of a reactive dyestuff is Procion Brilliant Orange GS (Reactive Orange 1), which is a derivative of J-acid. The triazine group does not act as chromogen in this case, but as an anchor to fix the dye to cotton (triazine anchor). 

Eight sulfonated azo dyes (Acid Red 1, 8, 29, and 106, Acid Violet 5, Reactive Red 2 and 4, Reactive Orange 16) were individually characterized with respect to major components using a base deactivated C g column (A = 254nm). Isocratic mobile phase compositions of 35/65 to 50/50 methanol/water (50 mM ammonium acetate) were used (dye specific). Typical run times were 40-60 min... 

Poly(hydroxyethyl methacrylate)-dye copolymers —The color additives formed by reaction of one or more of the following reactive dyes with poly(hydroxyethyl methacrylate), so that the sulfate group (or groups) or chlorine substituent of the dye is replaced by an ether linkage to poly(hydroxyethyl methacrylate) The dyes that may be used alone or in combination are Reactive Black 5 [17095-24-8] Reactive Blue 21 [73049-92-0] Reactive orange 78 [68189-39-9] Reactive Yellow 16 [60958-41-0] Reactive Blue 19 [2580-78-1] Reactive Blue 4 [4499-01-8] Cl Reactive Red 11 [12226-08-3] Cl Reacive Yellow 86 [61951-86-8] Cl reactive Blue 163 [72847-56-4]. 

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