Rapeseed production

Fat absorption of rapeseed products was compared to that of soy flours and concentrates (34). All rapeseed products exhibited fat absorption values greater than those of soy products. For both rapeseed and soy, fat absorption of concentrates was greater than that of the flour and meals. Values for the rapeseed isolate were similar to those for the rapeseed concentrate. 

Rapeseed Product Total Gluco-sinolates mg/g % Oil Emulsified"... 

Canola is a crop belonging to the mustard family, grown for its seed. The leading countries in rapeseed production are China, Canada, India and several countries in the EU. Commercial varieties of canola have been developed... 

Erucic acid is a fatty acid that has toxic properties and has been related to heart disease in humans. Glucosinolates give rise to breakdown products that are toxic to animals. These characteristics make rapeseed products unsuitable as animal feedstuffs but canola, like soybeans, contains both a high oil content and a high protein content and is an excellent feedstuff for poultry. 

Sorensen, H. (1990) Glucosinolates structure, properties and function, in Canola and Rapeseed Production, Chemistry, Nutrition and Processing Technology (ed. R. Shahidi). Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, pp. 149-72. 

Ackman, R.G. (1983) Chemical composition of rapeseed oil, in High and Low Erucic Acid Rapeseed Oils (eds. J.K.G. Kramer, F.D. Sauer and WJ. Pigden), Academic Press, Toronto, pp. 85—141. Ackman, R.G. (1990) Canola fatty acids — an ideal mixture for health, nutrition, and food use, in Canola and Rapeseed. Production, Chemistry, Nutrition and Processing Technology (ed F. Shahidi), Avi Book, Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, pp. 81—98. 

In the modern 00-rape the > C 20 fatty acids have been reduced to trace fractions in favour of oleic, linoleic and linolenic acids, resulting in a fatty acids spectrum similar to olive oil. Characteristics of 00-rape are the most appropriate to fulfil the European biodiesel standards. As a result, the EU-27 are now the by far largest rapeseed oil consumers, and the astounding growth in European demand has been driven almost exclusively by the expansion of the biofuels sector over recent years. Fifty percent of European rapeseed production in 2005 has been turned into biodiesel, 37% has been used for human consumption, 7% for oleochemical products and lubricants 6% has been exported. In 2007 the rape oil demand for biofuels has accounted for 60% of rape oil consumption. Rape-based biofuels include biodiesel and direct use as refined oil. 

World Production and Trade of Rapeseed and Rapeseed Products... 

Area under Rapeseed Production by Country (in 1000 hectares)... 

Europe is the major rapeseed producing area in the world. Rapeseed production increased three- to fourfold after World War II to alleviate the severe shortage of edible oils and to lessen their dependence on imported soybeans. This development has been highly beneficial in terms of a better balanced agriculture especially in Northern Europe. Most European production is of winter rape varieties which give higher yields (Table III), and modern oil extraction techniques ensure that oil yields from the seed are also high. Yield of oil from one hectare in Europe equals that from about 4 hectares in India. 

In recent years expanded rapeseed production has been chiefly in France, West and East Germany, United Kingdom, Denmark, and Czechoslovokia. Production by the two other large rapeseed producers, Poland and Sweden, seems to have plateaued (Table IV). French production has doubled in the last year, a factor attributed mainly to a very favorable market condition (subsidies are paid to both the producers and processors of EEC grown rape-... 

To date, the United States has not produced sizable quantities of rape-seed, probably because the agronomic conditions there are highly suitable for growing other oilseed crops, such as soybean, peanut, and cottonseed. Nevertheless, there are relatively large areas in the Midwestern United States and Alaska which are suitable for rapeseed production, and one may expect to find this oilseed crop to gain broader acceptance in the future. 

World Production and Trade of Rapeseed and Rapeseed Products 57 TABLE XVII Levels of Canola and Rapeseed Meals Recommended in Rations for Various Species and Types of Animal Production ... 

China, the second largest producer of rapeseed, is striving to achieve greater self-sufficiency in oil and meal and is steadily expanding rapeseed production to achieve this end. Low glucosinolate varieties are under development but reducing the erucic acid in the oil has little or no priority. 

Europe, the largest producing area of rapeseed in the world, is like Canada, changing over to the low erucic, low glucosinolate type rapeseed. The production and use of rapeseed and rapeseed products has increased markedly in the past decade with the availability of the new rapeseed varieties and favorable market conditions. 

In recent years the emphasis has been on sales of processed rapeseed products and some countries, including Japan, have purchased these "value added" products. Canada now is the world s largest exporter of rapeseed and has a domestic crushing capacity of around 1.5 million tonnes per year. 

The surge in rapeseed production in 1965 gave rise to a need for market... 

Rapeseed Association of Canada (1970). "Proceedings of the International Conference on the Science, Technology and Marketing of Rapeseed and Rapeseed Products, St. Adele, Quebec." Rapeseed Association of Canada, Winnipeg, Manitoba. 

Representatives from some 19 countries met at an International Conference on Rapeseed Products in Ste. Adele, Quebec, in 1970 and decided. 

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