Public Health Service, U.S.

Based in part on work aided by a grant (CA-07250) to the University of San Francisco from the National Cancer Institute, U.S. Public Health Service. We are greatly indebted to the scientific staff of Varian Associates, Palo Alto, for the 220 MHz proton magnetic resonance spectra, and... 

The authors thank D. H. Murray and E. J. Hedgley for samples of compounds 9 and 11, respectively. The support of grants GM-12328 and AI-07570 from the National Institutes of Health, U. S. Public Health Service, is acknowledged by D. C. Dejongh. The mass spectrometer was purchased by Wayne State University under Grant CP-1476 from the National Science Foundation. 

Supported In part by U.S. Public Health Service Grants HL-05168 and HL-15158. 

The research described is supported in part by U S Public Health Service grants CA-12376 and CA-29602 from the National Cancer Institute, and by a gift from Hoffmann-LaRoche, Inc ... 

This work was supported by Grant No. P01-CA25100 from the U.S. Public Health Service. We thank the National Cancer Institute for the loan of the thermal energy analyzer under Contract No. NOl-CP-33278. 

This review and research were supported in part by U.S. Public Health Service research grant DA 02632 and AA 05122. Mr. J.T. Sopko provided expert assistance in preparing the illustrations, the computerized bibliographic data base, as well as in conducting the experimental work. 

This work was supported by U.S. Public Health Service grants DA 00869 and DA 04222. The National Institute of Drug Abuse contributed the methamphetamine hydrochloride. MDMA, and MDA, NOVO Industrials is acknowledged for contributing GBR 12909. 

The authors acknowledge generous financial support (for R. D. H.) from the University of the Witwatersrand and the Foundation for Research Development. In addition, R. D. H. thanks A E. M. for hosting him as a Visiting Professor to Texas A M, when this review was written. Support was provided by Grant No. CA-42925, National Cancer Institute, U. S. Public Health Service. 

Both DDT and chlordan are used in colorless, odorless, deobase-type solvent DDT in 5% solution and chlordan in 2% solution. The oil solvent is used because it is a nonconductor and because experience has shown that the crystals from a film of oil solvent solution adhere more firmly to the surface sprayed. A pressure-type spray tank, either a hand pump or mechanical source of air pressure, is used, with a special nozzle which gives a fan-shaped nonmisting spray. A special dripless valve is used. Several valves and nozzles which meet these requirements are on the market. The appropriate areas are sprayed with this fan-shaped painting spray stream, so that the surface glistens with the wet film but there is not sufficient quantity to run down. Experience has shown that this will leave approximately 200 mg. of DDT per square foot or an equivalent amount of chlordan. This procedure is recommended by the U. S. Public Health Service in its spraying technique for residences and food establishments treated in its program of spraying DDT only for malaria control. It has not as yet recommended chlordan for this use. Specifications for the sprayer nozzles procedure can be obtained from this source. 

The residual effectiveness against flies of a number of formulations of insect toxicants was studied by investigators of the U. S. Public Health Service. Over a 2-month period the formulations containing dieldrin were found to give the best results (5). 

In the design of equipment for the manufacture of sterile ophthalmic (and nonophthalmic) pharmaceuticals, manufacturers and equipment suppliers are turning to the advanced technology in use in the dairy and aerospace industries, where such concepts as CIP (clean-in-place), COP (clean-out-of-place), automatic heliarc welding, and electropolishing have been in use for several years. As a guide here, the reader is referred to the so-called 3A Standards of the dairy industry issued by the U.S. Public Health Service [267],... 

U.S. Public Health Service. Symposium on Environmental Lead Contamination. Dec. 13-15, 1965. U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare. FS2.2 646/4. 

To help prevent this, the U. S. Public Health Service has recommended a maximum limit of 0.5 ppm mercury in any food. If the fish are to have less than this level of methyl mercury and the concentration factor is 3,000, then the surrounding water in which the fish live should have less than 0.16 ppb (parts per billion). Currently the oceans have about 0.1 ppb, but it is not known whether this is in the form of organic or inorganic compounds.8 It is also not known whether fish can convert inorganic mercury into methyl mercury.8 However, a large number of microorganisms can do this, so possibly its usual form is unimportant. 

The writing of this review was supported by the Department of Energy (Contract DE-AC02-78EV04959) and in part by Contract E(11-1)2366, as well as by the U.S. Public Health Service, Grant No. CA20851 awarded by the National Cancer Institute, Department of Health and Human Services. 

Hartwell, J.L. "Survey of Compounds Which Have Been Tested for Carcinogenic Activity U.S. Public Health Service Publication No. 149 Washington, D.C., 1951. 

Michael Lee and Jeffery Rothstein, as well as those at other institutions for their contributions to some of the original work cited in this review and for their helpful discussions. Aspects of this work were supported by grants from the U.S. Public Health Service (5R01NS 1058017, ROl NS40014, ROl NS34100) as well as the ALS Association and the Packard Center for ALS. 

U.S. Public Health Service (USPHS). 1993. Toxicological profile for cadmium. Update. Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry TP-92/06. 182 pp. 

The U.S. Public Health Service (USPHS 1993) recommends that occupational exposure to hexavalent chromium compounds should not exceed 1 pg/m3 air for a 10-h workday and 40-h workweek because all hexavalent chromium compounds are potential carcinogens. Other recommendations include more research on ... 

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