Project control case study

Journal of Hazardous Materials (0304-3894) (1873-3336). This journal publishes full-length research papers, reviews, project reports, case studies, and short communications that improve understanding of the hazards and risks that certain materials pose to people and the environment, and with ways of controlling the hazards and associated risks. The journal is published in two parts Part A Risk Assessment and Management and Part B Environmental Technologies. 

The case study described here concerns a human factors audit of a computer controlled process system which was being introduced in a distillation imit of a chemical plant. The unit was in transition from replacing its pneumatic panel instrumentation with the new system. However, control had not yet been transferred and the staff were still using the panel instrumentation. The role of the project was to evaluate a preliminary design of the computer-based display system and provide recommendations for future development. 

Numerous reports m the literature demonstrate the effectiveness of iodized salt in controlling the medical condition called goiter. Check out this site for historical case studies thatfirst pointed to this conclusion. Comparing the research efforts behind iodized salt and fluoridated drinking water makes for an interesting project. 

The project deals with a VAM plant capacity of lOOkton per year for an effective operation time of8400 h. The process will be based on the acetoxylation of ethylene conducted in gas phase in the presence of a palladium-based solid catalyst. The case study will tackle the problem of process synthesis and energy integration, as well as the dynamics and control for ensuring flexibility in production rate of 10%, while preserving safety and environment protection. 

The specific case study aims at analyzing the startup of a gas turbine used to drive the compressor of the butane/propane refrigeration section of an LPG storage and treatment complex. For the start up of the turbine a very specific and detailed sequence of actions is performed. The completion of actions includes tasks performed by operators from the control room as well as by on-site operators. Performance Shaping Factors (PSFs) that influence operators reliability have been identified and their quality has been rated for the specific site according to expert judgment from safety experts and on site observations from the human factor experts of the project. 

In this context the paper focuses on the estimation of manpower within roughly defined project s tasks. Two models are applied, a multi-attribute utility and a fuzzy control model. Afterwards those models are compared. The comparison is based on the model features general model approach, input values and generated results (Adam 1996). The discussion of the model features is addressed by means of a case study. 

In this paper, the case study clearly shows that a successful RFID project should have an answer to each of the following in an integrated maimer (1) RFID-specific technological constraints (read-rate issues at freezer level) at the point of use (2) typically operational issues at facility level (such as operators borrowing chemicals from other buffers) that can be controlled by introducing new policies and (3) beyond the four walls of a manufacturer, supply chain issues that need to be resolved. 

Abstract In this chapter, membrane bioreactors are described from an economic point of view. Economic analysis is a crucial stage in plant design, project and control and also requires an evaluation of the research, development and commercialization of the products and bioproducts. Such an analysis is focused here on membrane bioreactors and reactors, also taking into account the separation units such as micro-, ultra- and nano-flltration units that might be used as a downstream process or as pretreatment steps. The most important rules and parameters are first introduced. Some examples of application and case studies are also reported. 

Used technical simulations that may be applied to other projects to replicate results General conclusions in critical areas of system evaluations, data monitoring, modeling tools, system design, control systems, and cost-benefit analysis Synthesis, lessons learned, and trend analysis relate to permitting, funding, and technology performance More than a dozen relevant case studies... 

In this case study, the steady-state controllability analysis was not able to make a clear distinction, but the frequency analysis showed that two alternatives offered better rejection of disturbances. The analysis, based on steady state and dynamic controllability measures, requires only limited closed-loop simulation. This investigation can be applied preferably in revamping projects, where the information about the material balance can be exploited by tuning a rigorous plant model. The approach is recommended also for designing new plants, but an accurate knowledge of the chemical reactions producing impurities is necessary. 

Thanks to Lisa Nevitt, projects manager, safety and training, Phoenix Water Services Department, City of Phoenix, for the case study and examples of their near miss incident reporting card. Thanks to Chuck Gessner, former Magma/BHP Copper director of safety and loss control, for the Magma Copper case study. 

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