Program selection factors

The operator can select a baseline, or let the program select and adjust the baseline automatically. Response factors may be calculated at the operator s discretion, or concentrations can be calculated from known response factors on an area basis. The operator interaction with OLIG and samples of the report and plot from this program are shown in Figures 10-12. 

First, therefore, it may be useful to consider, for any cooling system, some of the external and internal factors that significantly influence the ultimate selection and application of a potentially suitable chemical treatment program. These factors can be considered to be a form of checklist. 

Influence of External Factors in Cooling Water Program Selection... 

Thus these various factors within a cooling system (internal factors), which have an interactive effect and significantly affect program selection, must also be taken into account. 

In determining the evaluation factors to use for this study, the committee first examined factors used in similar evaluations in the past. The committee examined earlier NRC reports, including those pertaining to the U.S. Army s Alternative Technology Program and the Assembled Chemical Weapons Assessment Program.2 Technology selection factors used in these reports address the special consider-... 

Vanko, M., Selected factors which influence the design of a quality control program. Advan. Automat, Anal, 1, 159-161 (1972). 

An example illustrates some of its capabilities. An example dike cross section with the design water level at - -1 m CD is shown in Fig. 14.14. Different materials are used on the slope rock, basalt, concrete asphalt, open concrete system, and grass on the upper part of the structure. The structure has been schematized in Fig. 14.15 by x-y coordinates and selection of the material of the top layer. The program selects the right roughness factor. 

Once management has made a commitment to the program and goals have been set, a program task force is established. The selection of a team leader will be dependent upon many factors including their ability to effec tively interface with both the assessment team and management staff. 

Each topology has predictable voltage and current stresses for the power switches and rectifiers. These estimates have about a 90 percent confidence factor. Selecting the power devices at this stage in the design cycle can save precious time later in the program by not having to wait for parts. Table 3-2 contains equations that may be conservative in nature, but will work in the application. 

The choice of variables remaining with the operator, as stated before, is restricted and is usually confined to the selection of the phase system. Preliminary experiments must be carried out to identify the best phase system to be used for the particular analysis under consideration. The best phase system will be that which provides the greatest separation ratio for the critical pair of solutes and, at the same time, ensures a minimum value for the capacity factor of the last eluted solute. Unfortunately, at this time, theories that predict the optimum solvent system that will effect a particular separation are largely empirical and those that are available can be very approximate, to say the least. Nevertheless, there are commercially available experimental routines that help in the selection of the best phase system for LC analyses, the results from which can be evaluated by supporting computer software. The program may then suggest further routines based on the initial results and, by an iterative procedure, eventually provides an optimum phase system as defined by the computer software. 

Since dependency analysis is not needed, we can go on to the BUILD program. Go to FTAPSUIT and select 5 "Run Build." It asks you for the input file name including extender. Type "pv.pch," It asks you for name and extender of the input file for IMPORTANCE. Type, for examle, "pv.ii . It next asks for the input option. Type "5" for ba.sic event failure probabilities. This means that any failure rates must be multiplied by their mission times as shown in Table 7.4-1. (FTAPlus was written only for option 5 which uses probabilities and error factors. Other options will require hand editing of the pvn.ii file. The switch 1 is for failure rate and repair time, switch 2 is failure rate, 0 repair time, switch 3 is proportional hazard rate and 0 repair time, and switch 4 is mean time to failure and repair time.)... 

The response factors are characteristic for the layer buildup of the selected wall and are calculated before (by a preprocessor program) or at the beginning ol the simulation. Numerical reasons limit the time step to approximately 10 to 60 min, depending on the thickness and material properties of the wall layers. The method allows the calculation of surface temperatures and heat fluxes bur not the determination of the temperature distribution within the wall. Due to the precalculation of these response factors, the computer time for the simulation might be significantly reduced. 

For crossflow designs the additional factor of the horizontal depth of packing has to be included in the basic calculations. The accuracy of the design is directly related to the number of calculations in the selection program. Whereas counterflow can be dealt with as a single entity, crossflow has to cope with the changes that occur at every level of pack, both vertically and horizontally. 

The best method of ensuring these three factors are the same each time is to hard mount vibration transducers to the selected measurement points. This will guarantee accuracy and repeatability of acquired data. It will also increase the initial cost of the program. The average cost of installing a general-purpose accelerometer will be about 300 per measurement point or 3000 for a typical machine-train. 

In general, stabilizers function by reaction with proplnt decompn products. A number of methods have been described and a preliminary evaluation of these methods was conducted by several labs under a cooperative program. Based on results from these screening tests, the PicArsn spec tropho tome trie methods for available stabilizer and primary degradation products were selected for further study. The initial phase of this program was an attempt to standardize the necessary spectrophotometric factors. Significant differences with regard to the factors obtained... 

There are various uncertainties in all the data influencing the selection of a set of equipment uncertainties in recipe parameters, product specifications, processing times and size factors, equipment availability, product requirements, and resource availability. Data needed for the evaluation of processing times and equipment sizes are never 100% reliable. The market situation when the plant is started up will certainly be different from the situation at the time of the definition of a production program for the plant. Unpredictable process disturbances may also occur. 

---