Pregnancy labor and delivery

Gravett et al. recently published further work that targets some of the areas most amenable to early detection and intervention during pregnancy, labor, and delivery, as a step toward alleviating the disease burden of these illnesses globally (46). Early metabolomic/proteomic evaluation could theoretically lead to a marked reduction in adverse pregnancy outcome. 

Greenland S, Staisch KJ, Brown N, Gross SJ. Effects of marijuana on human pregnancy, labor, and delivery. Neurobehav Toxicol Teratol 1982 4(4) 447-50. 

Coronado GD, Marshall LM, Schwartz SM (2000) Complications in pregnancy, labor, and delivery with uterine leiomyomas a population-based study. Obstet Gynecol 95 764-769... 

Dexmedetomidine is a Pregnancy Category C agent and its use during pregnancy, labor and delivery, including cesarean section deliveries, is not recommended. It is also excreted into milk in animal studies and caution should be used in nursing women. 

The lower birth weight of infants of mothers who consume 300 mg or more of caffeine per day is due entirely to retarded fetal growth. There is no evidence that premature labor and delivery are associated with caffeine during pregnancy. 

Oxytocin also stimulates contraction of uterine smooth muscle in late phases of pregnancy. See Chapter 62 for a full discussion of the use of oxytocin in labor and delivery. 

Oxytocin is a peptide hormone secreted by the posterior pituitary that participates in labor and delivery and elicits milk ejection in lactating women. During the second half of pregnancy, uterine smooth muscle shows an increase in the expression of oxytocin receptors and becomes increasingly sensitive to the stimulant action of endogenous oxytocin. Pharmacologic concentrations of oxytocin powerfully stimulate uterine contraction. 

In 20 infants exposed to lithium during labor and delivery, there were higher rates of perinatal complications (65%) and special care nursery admissions (45%) than in nonexposed infants, although most complications were transient (494). An infant who died shortly after birth had oromandibular-limb hypogenesis spectrum which was speculatively attributed to lithium that the mother had taken during most of her pregnancy (495). 

Kelsey, J.J., and R.R. Prevost. 1994. Drug-therapy during labor and delivery. Am.. Hasp. Pharm. 51 (19) 2394-2402. Mukherjee, S., N.K. Lohiya, R. Pal, M.G. Sharma, and G.P. Taiwan 1996. Purified neem Azadirachta indica) seed extracts (Praneem) abrogate pregnancy in primates. Contraception 53 (6) 375-378. 

Obstetrics/gynecology. Research pertaining to the care of women during pregnancy and childbirth, as well as to the study of the women s reproductive system in general. Studies in these areas include contraception, hormone-replacement therapy, menopause, menstrual disorders, ovarian cysts, postmenopausal syndrome, pregnancy/labor/delivery, yeast infections, and others. 

Depression may be more prevalent than in the general population, especially in patients with unstable disease. Delay in growth and sexual development are seen in patients with SCD. Adults with SCD have decreased fertility. Finally, pregnancy inhoduces an increased risk for the mother with SCD and for the fetus. The anemia of SCD may lead to intrauterine growth retardation. Preterm labor and premature delivery are common occurrences in mothers with SCD,... 

It has long been recognized that MMPs serve an important function during fetal implantation, pregnancy, and delivery. Using a relatively insensitive bioassay, Rajabi et al. (Rl) demonstrated a rise in gestational serum levels of MMP-1 during term labor, but not earlier. 

In our institution, MR pelvimetry is performed either postpartiun - in women whose delivery was complicated by protracted labor and who plan to become pregnant again - or in the last trimester of pregnancy. 

Boston, MA, Cord blood Hospital for Pb Women, women mean = 6.9 in labor xg/dl (N= 3,851) Pregnancy hypertension, delivery BP Cord Pb levels significantly linked to SBP during labor and with pregnancy hypertension 10 i dl increase = 3 mmHg SBP at 15 pg/dl, risk is 2.2 versus 0.7 (j,g/dl Rabinowitz et al. (1987)... 

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