PCB Wastes

A summary of the disposal methods of common PCB wastes is provided in Table 11.1. Because this is only a summary the pertinent regulations should be consulted for more detailed requirements. 

0 if mineral oil dielectric may be disposed of in a high efficiency boiler 

PCB hydraulic machines containing 50 ppm PCBs and in which all free flowing liquid has been removed PCB-Contaminated Electrical Equipment 

PCB Small Capacitors may be disposed of as municipal solid waste, unless the owner is a manufacturer of PCB Equipment PCB large High or Low Voltage Capacitors 500 ppm PCBs must be disposed of via incineration 

PCB Wastes Generated from R D or PCB Chemical Analysis Activities liquid wastes, including rinse solvents, as a PCB Liquid, supra, or as approved by the Administrator non-liquid waste, as non-liquid cleaning materials and PPE, supra 

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Dart Industries PCBs, waste oil 16,000 FFTNH 600,000 Total project costs... 

State of PCB waste in storage and disposal under the PCB special measures law... 

MOE has released the state of PCB waste in storage that has been reported under the PCB Special Measures Law. The data on the storage and disposal status of PCB waste as of March 31, 2003, was submitted from businesses to prefectural and municipal governments. 

Most PCB wastes come from high-voltage transformers and a limited number of other products, and these would require immediate attention. 

In the construction of wide-area waste disposal facilities, JESCO is targeting small- and medium-sized enterprises and other business institutions which can commission JESCO to treat their PCB wastes and in doing so reduce their financial burden. The corporation plans to ensure the minimum treatment capacity for these facilities by having these wastes brought to the facilities in a systematic manner during the treatment period. 

Enterprises which hold large volumes of waste PCBs, PCB-containing waste oils and disused pole-mounted transformers that contain PCB-containing insulation oils are building or planning to build treatment facilities on their own. It is essential for the government to assist and encourage their effort. For pole-mounted transformers and insulation oils extracted from these pole-mounted transformers, concerted actions will be taken in line with the efforts of electric power companies which store those PCB wastes. 

Tables 1.3-1.5 show the estimated disuse volume, storage volume and disposal volume of wastes generated from disuse of PCB-containing high-voltage transformers and high-voltage condensers, and other large electrical devices during the period up to 2016, when treatment of PCB wastes is to be terminated under the law.

There is a lack of effective reduction technologies. Fundamental research on dioxins emission control needs to be effectively promoted. The best available techniques (BAT) and best environmental practices (BEP) for the destruction of the existing PCB wastes need to be implemented. More environmentally benign alternatives to PBDEs are to be sought to meet the demand for FRs. 

Table 7.2. Domestic use of PCBs and PCB waste disposal in Hong Kong for the period 1994-2004...

Either field or laboratory personnel prepare composite samples by mixing equal aliquots of grab samples and taking an aliquot of a well-mixed composite of sufficient weight for laboratory analysis. Grab samples selected for compositing must be of the same type of bulk PCB remediation waste the TSCA does not allow compositing of different types of PCB waste. 

MODAR, Co (2) shipboard waste treatment using a novel reactor design [123,126] by Foster Wheeler and General Atomics, and (3) treatment of PCB waste streams containing very low levels to 100% concentration [125] by MHI. 

Many of the countries that formerly produced PCBs, except Russia, ceased production in the 1970s however, PCBs remain in the environment for decades, where they are available for uptake and subsequent bioaccumulation in organisms. Before their ban PCBs had entered the environment through point and diffuse sources, such as from landfill sites, accidental spillages/releases during commercial use of electrical equipment and transformer and capacitor fires, incineration of PCB waste, etc. [24, 28, 29]. Leakage from old equipment, building materials, stockpiles and landfill sites continue to supply the environment. In addition, some production has been reported for certain countries with economies in transition [30, 31]. 

Mad ar and M. Juriga, A new method of the organic waste treatment concerning waste oil, mixed plastics waste, oil sludge and PCBs waste processing with simultaneous recovery of hydrocarbons . Petroleum and Coal, 45 (3-4), 187 (2003). 

Origin / Industry Sources/Uses Prepared by the chlorination of biphenyl used in the electrical industry in capacitors and transformers used in the formulation of lubricating and cutting oils pesticides adhesives plastics inks paints sealants. Exposure Routes Inhalation of fume or vapor percutaneous adsorption of liquid ingestion eye and skin contact landfills containing PCB waste materials and products incineration of municipal refuse and sewage sludge waste transformer fluid disposal to open areas. 

Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd., a licensee of the SRI International AHO process, has built the most recent full-scale SCWO plant. The plant was built for the Japan Environmental Safety Corp, (a company owned by the Japanese government) to destroy that nation s large stockpile of polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) waste. It consists of three reactor systems, each having a capacity of 2 tons PCB/day and 100 tons water/day, and a treatment requirement of <3 ppb PCB in the liquid effluent (representing six 9s destruction efficiency). The plant began operation in 2005. 

According to the Toxics Release Inventory (TRI), >99% of the total PCB wastes produced in the United States in 1998 were released on-site to land. About 3,742,000 pounds (1,698,000 kg) of PCB wastes were released to land in 1998 (see Table 5-2) (TRI98 2000). 

Smaller amounts of PCBs may be released to the atmosphere from uncontrolled landfills and hazardous waste sites containing transformers, capacitors, and other PCB wastes (Bremle and Larsson 1998 ... 

Although there are exceptions, such as waste oils used for energy recovery, PCB wastes are generally regulated for disposal under TSCA at concentrations of 50 ppm. The requirements for the disposal of PCB liquids and PCB items will be codified at 40 CFR 761.60. Disposal requirements for PCB remediation waste or PCB bulk product waste will be codified in 40 CFR 761.61 and 761.62, respectively. When the components of a waste are PCBs and non-PCB contaminants, and the PCB component is approved for disposal, the non-PCB component must meet the requirements of all other applicable statues or regulatory authorities prior to disposal (EPA 1998a). 

G. Import and Export of PCBs for Disposal H. Notification of PCB Waste Activity, Manifests, Records, 376... 

EPA has promulgated detailed rules regarding storage of PCB Articles that are intended for reuse, as well as well as PCB wastes stored pending ultimate disposal. The regulations governing disposal of PCB wastes specify disposal method based on type and character of PCB waste at issue. 

Although the term PCB waste is not well-defined, the regulations specifically define the storage and disposal requirements for eight categories of PCB containing materials either removed from authorized use or resulting from spills or releases. These include ... 

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