Dart Industries

Most commercial processes produce polypropylene by a Hquid-phase slurry process. Hexane or heptane are the most commonly used diluents. However, there are a few examples in which Hquid propylene is used as the diluent. The leading companies involved in propylene processes are Amoco Chemicals (Standard OH, Indiana), El Paso (formerly Dart Industries), Exxon Chemical, Hercules, Hoechst, ICl, Mitsubishi Chemical Industries, Mitsubishi Petrochemical, Mitsui Petrochemical, Mitsui Toatsu, Montedison, Phillips Petroleum, SheU, Solvay, and Sumimoto Chemical. Eastman Kodak has developed and commercialized a Hquid-phase solution process. BASE has developed and commercialized a gas-phase process, and Amoco has developed a vapor-phase polymerization process that has been in commercial operation since early 1980. 

Dart Industries Holyoke, Mass. Ludlow, Mass. Joliet, 111. Santa Ana, Calif. 140... 

Dart Industries PCBs, waste oil 16,000 FFTNH 600,000 Total project costs... 

In the late 1960s, Dow initiated patent infringement suits against its major competitors (Monsanto, Standard Oil, Amoco Chemical, Dart Industries) over the patent for high-impact polystyrene by Amos [6]. 

While Dow had experimented extensively with ABS-type polymers and even produced ABS in their commercial HIPS plant, they lost the lead in the development of commercial ABS resins. Dow sued Monsanto in 1969 for infringement of the ABS claim in the patent by Amos. The judge ruled in Monsanto s favour on the basis that Monsanto s product was outside the claimed composition. In another case, where Dow sued Dart Industries, the judge ruled that the Amos patent was invalid for reasons of obviousness [6]. 

William Breckon, The Drug Makers (London Eyre Methuen, 1972), p. 29. Of the top companies, Riker Laboratories, ranked sixteenth in 1962, is the only one not covered in the previous chapters. It was a subsidiary of Rexall Drug, a major U.S. retail drug chain and successor to Drugs, Inc., which produced some of its own products. It later became part of the conglomerate Dart Industries. See Chandler, Scale and Scope, pp. 164, 755 Moody s Industrial Manual (1955), p. 246, and (1969), pp. 2152-2153. 

Dart Industries Dayco Corporation Diversified Industries Eagle-Picher Industries El Paso Company Emery Industries Esmark, Inc. 

Rexene Co. and Philips Petroleum Co. first developed the bulk polymerization process with the first-generation TiCU catalyst [8,11,70]. It was then commercialized by Dart Industries in 1964. The reactor feed contains 10-30% propylene in the liquid phase. A mixture of hexane and isopropanol was employed for the removal of catalyst residue as well as the amorphous polypropylene. The process step of removing residual catalyst was later eliminated after the high-efficiency catalyst was adopted, constituting the so-called liquid pool process. Subsequently, Philips and Sumitomo companies further developed the liquid-phase polymerization process. This process enhances the reaction rate, catalyst efficiency, monomer conversion, and therefore results in high productivity. It also eliminates the need for solvent recovery and reduces environmental pollution. However, the process is somewhat complicated by the unreacted monomer, which has to be first vaporized and then liquefied before it is reused. The reaction vessel must be designed to operate under high pressures. In most cases, this process employs autoclaves for batch operation and tubular reactors for continuous operation. 

S.G. Cottis, inventor Dart Industries Inc., assignee US4639504,1987. 

Fein, M.M. and Patnaik, B.K. (1978) Organic borate coupling agents, US Patent 4,073,766, Dart Industries. 

Urafil Fiberglass Reinforced Polyurethane, Formaldafil Fiberglass Reinforced Acetal Copolymer Properties, Fiberfil Division, Dart Industries, Evansville, IN, Undated. 

Fiberfil Div., Dart Industries, Inc. Fiberfil Div., Dart Industries, Inc. Liquid Nitrogen Processing Corp. Thermofil, Inc. 

Polycarbafil G J Series Polycarbonate Fiberfil Div., Dart Industries, Inc. 

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