Oxytetracycline hydrochloride

Hydrogen was introduced into a standard hydrogenation vessel containing 10 grams 6-deoxy-6-demethyl-6-methylene-5-oxytetracycline hydrochloride (methacycline), 150 ml methanol and 5 grams 5% rhodium on carbon. The pressure was maintained at 50 psi while agitating at room temperature for 24 hours. The catalyst was then filtered off, the cake washed with methanol and the combined filtrates were evaporated to dryness. The dry solids were slurried in ether, filtered and the cake dried. The resulting solids exhibited a bioactivity of 1,345 units per mg versus K. pneumoniae. 

Oxytetracycline occurs as yellow crystals or crystalline powder, has a bitter taste and is odorless. Oxytetracycline hydrochloride should have potency not less than 835 pg C22H24N2O9 per mg [1], whilst for oxytetracycline not less than 832 pg/g [1] or 95.0-102.0% as anhydrous substance [2] or not less than 88.0% of C22H24N2O9 calculated as anhydrous basis [3,4]. For oxytetracycline calcium, it should contain not less than 90.0% and not more than 100.5% [2], or 865 pg C22H24N2O9 per mg [1]. Oxytetracycline was produced by the growth of certain strain of Streptomyces rimosus or obtained by other means. 

Two identification tests for oxytetracycline hydrochloride are given in the USP 28 [1], one being an ultraviolet absorption test and the other a color test. European Pharmacopoeia [2], British Pharmacopoeia (BP) 2003 [4], International Pharmacopoeia [5], and Pharmacopoeia of the People s Republic of China [6] described a thin-layer chromatography and color tests for identification of oxytetracycline hydrochloride and oxytetracycline dihydrate. For identification of oxytetracycline calcium, USP 28 [1] used Method II under identification of tetracycline <193>, whilst BP 2003 [4] described a TLC, color test, and calcium test as the method of identification. 

A light to deep red color is produced when oxytetracycline hydrochloride, oxytetracycline dihydrate, or oxytetracycline calcium is dissolved in sulfuric acid [1-5], and the color becomes yellow after water is added to the solution [1,2,4-7]. 

The light-absorbing impurities of oxytetracycline hydrochloride and oxytetracycline dihydrate [2,4,6] are detected using a UV-spectrophotometric method. In all the compendia, the absorbance of a solution of 2.0 mg/mL in a mixture of 1 volume of hydrochloric acid solution (0.1 mol/L) and 99 volumes of methanol at 430 nm not greater than 0.50 is required the absorbance of a solution of 10 mg/mL in the same solvent at 490 nm is not greater than 0.20. The measurements are carried out within 1 h of the preparation of the solutions. 

Oxytetracycline (OTQ and oxytetracycline hydrochloride (OTC HC1) may contain the impurities 4-epi-oxytetracycline (EOTC), tetracycline (TC) and 2-acetyl-2-dec-arboxamido-oxytetracycline (ADOTQ [2,4]. According to European Pharmacopoeia, oxytetracycline hydrochloride may also contain anhydro-oxytetracycline (AOTQ, a-apo-oxytetracycline (a-AOTC), /i-apo-oxytetracyclinc (/FA OTC). The structures are shown in Fig. 1. 

Hydrogen was introduced into a standard hydrogenation vessel containing 10 grams 6-deoxy-6-demethyl-6-methylene-5-oxytetracycline hydrochloride... 

Heparin and its salts are incompatible with many drugs including alteplase, amikacin sulfate, amiodarone hydrochloride, ampicillin sodium, aprotinin, benzylpenicillin potassium or sodium, cephalothin sodium, ciprofloxacin lactate, cytarabine, dacarbazine, daunorubicin hydrochloride, diazepam, dobutamine hydrochloride, doxorubicin hydrochloride, droperidol, erythromycin lactobionate, gentamicin sulfate, haloperidol lactate, hyaluronidase, hydrocortisone sodium succinate, kanamycin sulfate, methicillin sodium, netilmicin sulfate, some opioid analgesics, oxytetracycline hydrochloride, some phenothiazines, polymyxin B sulfate, streptomycin sulfate, tetracycline hydrochloride, tobramycin sulfate, vancomycin hydrochloride, vinblastine sulfate, cisatracurium besylate, labetalol hydrochloride, nicardipine hydrochloride, cefmetazole, sodium ions, and fat emulsion.110 112... 

Bertolucci, Jantzef, and Chamberlain (8) report briefly on their work using single-reflection, attenuated, total-reflection, infrared spectroscopy to study the mechanism of adsorption on hydroxy-apatite crystals of citric acid, tartaric acid, sodium citrate, oxytetracycline hydrochloride, and glycine. This work has been of interest to many chemists, but it also has particular pertinency to current research on dental adhesives and the effect of pretreatment of the tooth cavity wall. 

Infra-red Spectrum. Principal peaks at wavenumbers 1616,1584, 1665, 1235, 1180, 1138 (oxytetracycline hydrochloride, KBr disk). 

Oxytetracycline Hydrochloride 538.7 Sodium Fusidate 606.1 Prochlorperazine Maleate... 

SYNS BISOLVONFYCIN HYDROCYCLIN UQUAMYCIN INJECTABLE NSC-9169 OTETRYN OXLOPAR OXYJECT 100 OXYTETRACYCLINE HYDROCHLORIDE TERAMYCIN HYDROCHLORIDE TETRAMINE TETRAN HYDROCHLORIDE... 

With the differential pulse polarography [245], the antibiotics can be determined at low concentration, if necessary, at the ppm or even sub-ppm level. Tetracycline hydrochloride is determined in aqueous acetate buffer pH 4 (detection limit 0.1 ppm), but for the analysis of chlortetracycline hydrochloride, oxytetracycline hydrochloride and free tetracycline, a non-aqueous medium must be used. Streptomycin sulphate is analysed in alkaline solution, trace quantities of zinc being masked by Na2EDTA, and the detection limit is 1 ppm. A determination in blood serum or urine is also possible but the peak potentials are shifted here to more negative values. The polarographic determination is preceded by ultrafiltration. Penicillin G potassium and ampicillin must be first functionalised by nitrosation. The authors also recommend an analysis of mixtures which is however demonstrated only with chloramphenicol and tetracycline, at 2.4 and 4.2 ppm, respectively. 

HYDROCHLORIDE/POLYMYXIN B SULFATE (Terak with Polymyxin B sulfate ophthalmic ointment 10,000 units/g Polymyxin B sulfate and 5 mgfg oxytetracycline hydrochloride, Terramycin with Polymyxin B sulfate ophthalmic ointment 10,000 units/g Polymyxin B sulfate and 5 mg/g oxytetracycline hydrochloride)... 

Oxytetracycline hydrochloride is an antibiotic that inhibits bacterial protein synthesis. Polymyxin B interacts with phospholipid components of bacterial cell membrane, increasing cell wall permeability. It is indicated in the treatment of superficial ocular infections involving the conjunctiva and/or cornea caused by susceptible organisms. 

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