Other Market Areas

Rosin has a large variety of minor uses that can be attributed to its low cost, acidity, and ready availability. These uses can be conveniently divided into unmodified and modified rosin categories. 

At one time, large amounts of unmodified rosin were used in linoleum, varnishes, electrical insulation, leather processing, laundry soaps, etc. Many of these markets still exist, albeit to a much smaller degree. Some of the many other uses that touch many aspects of our lives include  

In soldering fluxes, both as a paste or in hollow cores, to remove oxide films and to etch slightly the metal surface. 

As a dressing compound to remove the scum that forms on top of molten metal, particularly in type-metal foundries. 

As a depilatory to remove hair from hog carcasses by dipping the carcass in molten rosin, cooling, and stripping off the rosin coating. 

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In the other market areas, lead naphthenates are used on a limited basis in extreme pressure additives for lubricating oils and greases. Sodium and potassium naphthenates are used in emulsiftable oils, where they have the advantage over fatty acid soaps of having improved disinfectant properties. Catalyst uses include cobalt naphthenate as a cross-linking catalyst in adhesives (52) and manganese naphthenate as an oxidation catalyst (35). Metal naphthenates are also being used in the hydroconversion of heavy petroleum fractions (53,54) and bitumens (55). 

Fabrics treated with soil-release finishes are particularly suited to active wear and leisure wear, markets that are continuing to grow in importance. Industrial uniforms and napery are other market areas where soil release is a desirable product feature. Recent work has shown that soil release can even be incorporated into yam finishes. ... 

Packaging (qv) represents the largest market area for film and sheeting materials (15). It is a complex market with so many categories that it is difficult to get an accurate measure of end usage for specific materials (16). The stmcture of the marketplace which uses both monolayers of film, as well as converted composite stmctures and laminates, adds to the complexity. The ultimate user or packager may purchase raw film direcdy from a manufacturer, or use the same film laminated to one or more other films or substrates through a converter. The converter may buy film or extmde his own supply. Resin sales to film producers do not always correlate with their film sales, because of scrap and yield losses. 

In the United States, fibers and injection mol ding are the main appHcations for polypropylene (Table 8), followed by film. In Europe and Japan, injection mol ding appHcations predominate (Table 10). This market area is more likely to decline in economic recession, as consumers postpone purchases of apphances and automobiles. Film appHcations are important in both regions, but fibers are a much less important use for polypropylene in Japan than in other developed regions. The heavy use of polypropylene nonwovens in the manufacture of disposable diapers and similar products, and the wide use of polypropylene carpets in the United States, account for the greater consumption of fibers. 

Most of the thiamine sold worldwide is used for dietary supplements. Primary market areas include the following appHcations addition to feed formulations, eg, poultry, pigs, catde, and fish (see Feeds and feed additives) fortification of refined foods, eg, flours, rice, and cereal products and incorporation into multivitamins. Small amounts are used in medicine to treat deficiency diseases and other conditions, in agriculture as an additive to ferti1i2ers (qv), and in foods as flavorings. Generally for dry formulations, the less soluble, nonhygroscopic nitrate is preferred. Only the hydrochloride can be used for intravenous purposes. Coated thiamine is used where flavor is a factor. 

The development of new polymer alloys has caused a lot of excitement in recent years but in fact the concept has been around for a long time. Indeed one of the major commercial successes of today, ABS, is in fact an alloy of acrylonitrile, butadiene and styrene. The principle of alloying plastics is similar to that of alloying metals - to achieve in one material the advantages possessed by several others. The recent increased interest and activity in the field of polymer alloys has occurred as a result of several new factors. One is the development of more sophisticated techniques for combining plastics which were previously considered to be incompatible. Another is the keen competition for a share of new market areas such as automobile bumpers, body panels etc. These applications call for combinations of properties not previously available in a single plastic and it has been found that it is less expensive to combine existing plastics than to develop a new monomer on which to base the new plastic. 

Other markets for charcoal are as a filtration medium, a horticultural soil improver, and an adsorbent. Its large surface area of hundreds of square meters per... 

Due to its balance of strength, oil resistance, inflammability, increased resistance to ozone, ageing and weathering, polychloroprene finds widespread industrial use. Typical uses are V-belts, conveyor belts, wire and cable jacketing, footwear, wet suit applications, coated fabrics, inflatables, hoses, extrusions and many other goods. Adhesives are also a strong market area. 

Dilly s Deli provides a dining experience like no other A rustic atmosphere, along with delicious food, provide an opportunity to soak up the local flavor. Recently relocated to the old market area, Dilly s is especially popular for lunch. At the counter, you can place your order for one of Dilly s three daily lunch specials or one of several sandwiches, all at reasonable prices. Once you get your food, choose a seat at one of the four charming communal tables. By the time you are ready to carry your paper plate to the trash bin, you have experienced some of the best food and one of the most charming companies our city has to offer. 

Neverthless, it is possible to analyze the information supplied by industry on new chemicals and summarize it in a way which does not breach CBI. This is what I have done in preparing this paper and it is the work of many of my cohorts within the Office of Toxic Substances. I intend to summarize the experience of EPA in dealing with these notices including an analysis of the classes and types of new chemicals, market areas, company size and other data. From this I will draw some conclusions about the impact of this requirement of TSCA on new product innovation and will describe what EPA is doing about it. 

On Table I is a list of the major end uses for the new chemicals submitted up through the end of 1981. Intermediates in the manufacture of other chemicals, polymers for a variety of end uses but mainly for paints and coatings, and additives such as flame retardants, plasticizers and antioxidants for plastics account for over half of all the uses of these new chemicals. These seven major categories in total represent slightly over three fourths of all projected uses. One would suspect that this pattern will change with market demand and competitive developments and a year from now we might see intense R D activity in some other specific market areas culminate in the introduction of a line of new chemical substances. 

EPA s D.G. Bannerman reviewed these impacts on the market introduction of new chemicals. He summarized EPA s experience and analyzed the classes and types of new chemicals, company size, market areas, and, among other data, the number of notified chemicals actually reported to be commercialized. He stressed a new joint industry-EPA program to assist the smaller chemical companies to comply with TSCA, especially with premanufacturing notification. This will minimize negative impacts on product innovation without reducing the effectiveness of EPA s assessment of risks of new chemicals. 

If it is decided to conduct a field survey and if your company does not have background in this area, considerable time and money may be spent screening the hundreds of companies you may wish to interview. At this point, it may be helpful to utilize one of the many companies that specialize in conducting telephone screening surveys. The level of sophistication of the questioner can vary from telephone operator to professional engineer as desired. Like any other marketing research operation, this must be carefully planned and supervised to be successful. Properly handled, this can be an inexpensive way of generating information. 

The point about data distortion can be illustrated by reference to sex tourism. Unlike the other product areas of tourism, it seems that no one wants to claim that sex tourism is one of the fastest growing sectors with a very bright future. The example illustrates the point that it might well be that it is researcher enthusiasm (or lack of it) that is driving the claims for market importance and growth. Comments made by Ashworth (1992) in relation to urban tourism are applicable across many of the product-based interest areas. Ashworth (1992 6) notes that most studies are based on very global estimates of quantities and very vague descriptions of the nature of visitors... Usable information is just much more difficult to obtain about the tourist than the facility. ... 

Vegetables 1.7 15 over 50% imported. Other baby food has a relatively high share of the market. Areas with significant potential for growth include fmit and vegetables, dairy, processed foods, ready meals and snack foods... 

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