Organic tissue

Superoxide dismutase has been approved by the FDA for preventing reperfusion injury or damage to donor organ tissue (178). This enzyme is prepared by recombinant DNA technology and marketed by Bristol-Myers and Pharmacia-Chiron. 

Atrophy Atrophy is a wasting or decrease in size of a bodily organ, tissue, or part owing to disease, injury, or lack of use. You may have heard this term used in reference to accident or paralysis victims "his muscles atrophied because of nonuse." Exposure to certain chemicals can cause internal organs to degrade, weaken and decrease in size, particularly with chronic (long-term) exposure. 

Organ-brei,/. Biol.) organ (tissue) pulp, -ei-weiss, n. organ protein. 

Somatostatin acts on various organs, tissues and cells as neurotransmitter, paracrine/autocrine and endocrine regulator on cell secretion, smooth muscle contractility, nutrient absorption, cell growth and neurotransmission [1]. Some of its mainly inhibitory effects are listed in Table 1. Somatostatin mediates its function via a family of heptahelical G-protein-coupled receptors termed... 

Half-time, Biological—Time required for an organ, tissue, or the whole body to eliminate one-half of any absorbed substance by regular processes of elimination. This is the same for both stable and radioactive isotopes of a particular element, and is sometimes referred to as half-time, symbolized as tbiol or Tb. 

Half-time, Effective—Time required for a radioactive element in an organ, tissue, or the whole body to be diminished 50% as a result of the combined action of radioactive decay and biological elimination, symbolized as Te or Teff. 

TXRF is most applicable to liquid samples, but success has also been achieved with direct analysis of some solids, e.g. very thin sections of organic tissue and polymer film. Alternatively, small amounts of solid material can be analysed by TXRF after acid digestion. 

Friction wear and dissolution of orthopaedic implant systems were examined by PIXE, SR-XRF and XAS [300]. From XAFS analysis, it appeared that the chemical state of Fe had changed as a consequence of dissolution in the organic tissue. 

A matrix of light elements (e.g. plastic, or organic tissue) containing a large number of trace elements constitutes an ideal sample for PIXE analysis, and air pollution samples provide a good example of the technique. 

Organ, tissue, cell disposition Disease-dependent release Excretion routes/rates... 

All add solutions taste sour and are more or less corrosive and chemically quite reactive they react with most metals, many of which are corroded and dissolved by acids. Alkaline solutions, also chemically reactive, are caustic (they burn or corrode organic tissues), taste bitter, and feel slippery to the touch. Both acids and bases change the color of indicators (substances that change color, hue, or shade depending on whether they are in an acid or basic environment). 

Kumar S, Mehta D, Singh S, et al. 1988. Biokinetics of lead in various mouse organs tissues using radiotracer technique. Ind J Exp Biol. 26 860-865. 

Studies on in vitro systems of various kinds (including whole perfused organs, tissue slices, cell, tissue and organotypic cultures, and sub cellular fractions). 

Carbohydrate metabolism in the organism tissues encompasses enzymic processes leading either to the breakdown of carbohydrates (catabolic pathways), or to the synthesis thereof (anabolic pathways). Carbohydrate breakdown leads to energy release or intermediary products that are necessary for other biochemical processes. The carbohydrate synthesis serves for replenishment of polysaccharide reserve or for renewal of structural carbohydrates. The effectiveness of various routes of carbohydrate metabolism in tissues and organs is defined by the availability of appropriate enzymes in them. 

The synthesis of glucose from noncarbohydrate sources is referred to as the gluconeogenesis. It is feasible only in certain organism tissues. The major site for gluconeogenesis is the liver. To a lesser extent, the kidneys and intestinal mucosa are involved in this process. 

In the organism tissues, fatty acids are continually renewed in order to provide not only for the energy requirements, but also for the synthesis of multicomponent lipids (triacylglycerides, phospholipids, etc.). In the organism cells, fatty acids are resynthetized from simpler compounds through the aid of a supramolecular multienzyme complex referred to as fatty acid synthetase. At the Lynen laboratory, this synthetase was first isolated from yeast and then from the liver of birds and mammals. Since in mammals palmitic acid in this process is a major product, this multienzyme complex is also called palmitate synthetase. 

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