Offsite facility costs

Cost Data for Process Equipment Offsite Facilities, Site Development, and Structures... 

Table 8.3 summarizes the actual or estimated prices to build a variety of chemical and refinery process plants. The stated costs do not include associated tankage, utilities, effluent treatment, service roads, general-purpose buildings, spare parts, or all the other components required to complete a major project. These additional offsite facilities are typically considered to add 50% onto the cost of a project. [1, 2]... 

Cost curves of this type have been presented for petroleum refinery costs in the past. The curves presented herein have been adjusted to eliminate certain costs such as utilities, storage, offsite facilities, and location cost differentials. Separate data, included in indirect cost, provide the cost of these items. The facilities included have been defined in an attempt to improve accuracy. 

Storage facilities Tanks, pressure vessels Steam systems Cooling water systems Offsites Special costs Used equipment credit Contingencies Total... 

Other utility systems. Other utility systems required in a refinery are electric power distribution, instrument air, drinking water, fire, water, sewers, waste collection, and so forth. Since these are difficult to estimate without detailed drawings, the cost is normally included in the offsite facilities. 

Offsite costs, % of total major facilities costs ... 

Since several wastes are received at the offsite facility, the costs for processing would improve. 

A new scheme for location management has developed whereby wastes are diverted to separate holding facilities according to the hazard imposed by the waste. Separate pits are created to hold rig washing and precipitation wastes, solid wastes and drilling fluids [225]. The waste is then reused, disposed on site, or hauled away for offsite treatment. The system reduces contamination of less hazardous materials with the more hazardous materials, thereby reducing disposal costs. 

Offsites. Offsites are the facilities required in a refinery that are not included in the costs of major facilities. A typical list of offsites follows. Obviously, the offsite requirements vary widely between different refineries. The values shown here can be considered typical for grassroots refineries when estimated as outlined in this text. 

On April 9, 2007, tire CDCAB recommended that all agent and energetic hydrolysate generated at the BGCAPP should be treated on site via the secondaiy treatment process identified in the 2003 Record of Decision—SCWO (CDCAB, undated, p. 1). It listed reasons such as controversies and uncertainties associated with transportation and treatment at conunercial facilities the initial Record of Decision for the design of BGCAPP, which included the use of SCWO the economic benefits of local work and a belief that offsite disposition would result in minimal cost savings. In addition, members of the CDCAB told the committee that they believe that the Army has not demonstrated a method that adequately characterizes VX concentrations in VX hydrolysate. 

Outside battery limits or offsite costs. Factory-site (as opposed to process-specific) facilities such as (a) access roads, rail spur lines, paving, unloading and loading facilities (b) utilities facilities... 

Grass roots or green field cost. This accounts for the aU of the facilities needed to convert a grass field into a complete working plant site BL plus offsites. 

Table VIII summarizes the investment and operating requirements for the H-Oil unit and its attendant facilities, and Table IX compares investment and operating costs for the naphtha and crude oil based facilities. Data on the ethylene plant investment and operating costs were taken from the paper by Freiling, Huson, and Tucker (I). Offsite investments have been taken at 30% of process investment for the naphtha case, as well as for the ethylene plant portion of the crude oil case. For the H-Oil unit and its associated units offsites have been estimated at one-half of this rate—15%. This lower value has been used since the H-Oil system will add little to the storage requirements, and all utilities have been priced to cover the capital requirements for their production.

Off-site recovery. Off-site recovery is preferable when the on-site waste is not available in sufficient amount to make an in-plant recovery system cost-effective. The cost of an off-site recycling process depends upon the purity of the waste and the market for the recovered material. The offsite process is also preferable when this facility exists for other plants. 

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