Off-line

If the performance of the equipment is monitored on a continuous basis, then abnormal behaviour can be identified, and preventive maintenance can be performed as and when required this is called on-condition preventive maintenance. The condition of equipment may be established by inspection, that is taking it off-line, opening it up and looking for signs of wear, corrosion etc. This obviously takes the equipment out of service, and may be costly. 

Off-line analysis of stored data review of the stored data, organize data in different presentation windows, plot AE and plant parameters data so as to enable comparison and coirelation with the possibility to present data (histogram of AE events vs position, plant parameters and/or AE parameters vs time) conditioned in terms of time interval (initial time, final time) and/or position interval (defined portion of the component = initial coordinate, final coordinate) and/or plant parameters intervals (one or more plant parameters = initial value, final value). 

A Novel Method for Off-Line Defect Characterization and Sizing from Standard b-Scan Data. 

G.Krug, R.Aharoni, V.Orjelik, A novel method for sizing defects from off- line B-scan data . Proceedings of Ultrasonic World Congress,Yokogama, 1997, 122-124. 

Limited capabilities as the instrument carries out an analog measurement, on-line signal processing of data is almost impossible. All analysis tasks must be done off-line, and cost is increased (equipment, specialists). 

In the first place, the recovery of silver may have economical reasons as silver is a precious metal. The silver present in the used fixing solution, represents a value of typically I to 2 DEM/liter. This recovery was usually performed off-line, mostly by companies who gathered the fixing waste of many radiology sites. 

The system should support all the inspection types available in the PSP-3 P-scan, T-scan and Through Transmission, TOFD and A-scan. It should be possible to record data for all the inspection types simultaneously. The developments in computer hardware, in particular disk storage, during the last years have made it feasable to increase the emphasis on the A-scan recording modes. It has also been feasible to extend the P-scan format to include P-scan image storage in a full 3D format, that allows cross-section views to be generated off-line. 

Before any physical movement is done in the real inspection environment, the optimal robot configuration and motion are planned and simulated in a virtual iuspection environment in the ROBCAD 3D robot simulation system. If any collisions or near-collisions are occurring or all the calculated inspection points can not be reached the robot configuration and/or robot inspection programs can be adjusted off-line accordingly without the need of the physical robot or inspection environment. This ensures that the time scheduled for the physical inspection is used actively for inspection instead of testing and configuration. 

The virtual transducer can be placed in a specific location on the test object surface, it can be moved along a path (e.g. a robot scanning path generated off-line or a path resulting from a real inspection sequence) or it can be moved along the surface, dynamically updating the ultrasonic sound propagation in the material. 

Online control of the AlR-1 robot is done from within the UltraSIM/UlScan generic scanner control module. With a scanning program as input, the control application is able to calculate and perform cartesian motion for any usual robot manipulator having an inverse solution. The planned robot motion can be simulated off-line before online execution regarding joint and robot position, speed and acceleration. During robot inspection the 3D virtual inspection environment is updated real-time according to the actual robot motion. 

A tube manufacturer wanted to investigate the possibility for on-line measurement, calculation and presentation of eccentricity values on aluminum tubes when drawn at high velocities. Based on our experience from development of tube inspection systems [1, 2] for off-line inspection of precision tubes, a project was formulated. The main specifications for the tube manufacturing are summarized below ... 

Samples to be examined by inductively coupled plasma and mass spectrometry (ICP/MS) are commonly in the form of a solution that is transported into the plasma flame. The thermal mass of the flame is small, and ingress of excessive quantities of extraneous matter, such as solvent, would cool the flame and might even extinguish it. Even cooling the flame reduces its ionization efficiency, with concomitant effects on the accuracy and detection limits of the ICP/MS method. Consequently, it is necessary to remove as much solvent as possible which can be done by evaporation off-line or done on-line by spraying the solution as an aerosol into the plasma flame. 

Off-line. A data-acquisition method in which the mass spectra are produced some time after the original experiment. 

The special problems for vaUdation presented by chiral separations can be even more burdensome for gc because most methods of detection (eg, flame ionization detection or electron capture detection) in gc destroy the sample. Even when nondestmctive detection (eg, thermal conductivity) is used, individual peak collection is generally more difficult than in Ic or tic. Thus, off-line chiroptical analysis is not usually an option. Eortunately, gc can be readily coupled to a mass spectrometer and is routinely used to vaUdate a chiral separation. 

An extraction plant should operate at steady state in accordance with the flow-sheet design for the process. However, fluctuation in feed streams can cause changes in product quaUty unless a sophisticated system of feed-forward control is used (103). Upsets of operation caused by flooding in the column always force shutdowns. Therefore, interface control could be of utmost importance. The plant design should be based on (/) process control (qv) decisions made by trained technical personnel, (2) off-line analysis or limited on-line automatic analysis, and (J) control panels equipped with manual and automatic control for motor speed, flow, interface level, pressure, temperature, etc. 

The fabric may also be given one or more of a number of other finishing treatments, either ia tandem with web formation and bonding or off-line as a separate operation, as a means of enhancing fabric performance or aesthetic properties. Performance properties iaclude functional characteristics such as moisture transport, absorbency, or repeUency flame retardancy electrical conductivity or static propensity abrasion resistance and frictional behavior. Aesthetic properties iaclude appearance, surface texture, and smell. 

An important advance in the on-line WPI database is the inclusion of representative drawings from patents. These drawings are particularly important in conveying the meaning of mechanical, engineering, and electrical inventions, but are also important in elucidating the chemical stmetures involved in chemical inventions. The drawings, which can be read on-line and printed on- or off-line, cover chemical patents from 1992 onward and nonchemical patents since 1988. 

Fiberboard or hardboard is made of low grade wood and wood waste. In the wet production process, a sheet is produced on a papermaking machine, such as a fourdrinier. A Hquid resole is usually added to the beater section and precipitated onto the wood fibers by adjusting the pH. The moderately dry felt is further dried and cured in an off-line press. 

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