Octane 2-Octanol

Y-Octalactone n-Octanal Octanal dimethyl acetal Octane 2-Octanol 3-Octanol 3-Octanone 3-Octanon-1-ol 1-Octen-3-ol cis-3-Octen-1-ol... 

Guaiacyl acetate Heptyl acetate Hexanal 3,4-Hexanedione Hydrocinnamic alcohol Hydroxycitronellal Hydroxycitronellol o-lonone P-lonone Isoamyl acetate Isoamyl alcohol Isoamyl butyrate Isobutyl alcohol Isobutyl propionate dl-Limonene Linalool Linalyl acetate n-Nonyl acetate n-Octanal 2-Octanol... 

There is considerable interest in synthesizing copolymers. This is actually possible if organisms are confronted with mixtures of so-called related and unrelated substrates. Copolymers can also be synthesized from unrelated substrates, e.g., from glucose and gluconate. The 3-hydroxydecanoate involved in the polyester is formed by diversion of intermediates from de novo fatty-acid synthesis [41,42]. Related , in this context, refers to substrates for which the monomer in the polymer is always of equal carbon chain length to that of the substrate offered. Starting from related substrates, the synthesis pathway is closely connected to the fatty-acid /1-oxidation cycle [43]. In Pseudomonas oleovor-ans, for example, cultivated on octane, octanol, or octanoic acid, the synthesized medium chain length polyester consists of a major fraction of 3-hydroxyoc-tanoic acid and a minor fraction of 3-hydroxyhexanoic acid. If P. oleovorans is cultivated on nonane, nonanol, or nonanoic acid, the accumulated polyester comprises mainly of 3-hydroxynonanoate [44]. 

The mean diameter of HTAC reversed micelles (JVo = 15, Tris/HCl buffer, pH 8.0) in iso-octane/octanol measured by dynamic light scattering [53] was 280 nm, while that of... 

Dimethylbutan n-Hexan Hexanol-(l) n-Heptan Heptanol-(l) m-Xylol o-Xylol p-Xylol n-Octan Octanol-(l)... 

Octane oxygenase Bacteria Octane Octanol Gholson and Coon... 

Octanal has been prepared by the reduction of caprylonitrile with hydrogen chloride and stannous chloride,2 by the passage of a mixture of caprylic acid and formic acid over titanium dioxide3 or manganous oxide,4 by dehydrogenation of 1-octanol over copper,6 and by oxidation of 1-octanol.6... 

CH CHjhCH, octane CHj(CH3),CH OH 1-octanol octvl alcohol CHKCH,) CH,NH, 1-octylamine... 

Observation, 2,15 Ocean, composition of, 440 Ocean water, composition, 439 n-Octadecane, properties, 341 Octahedral complex, 393 Octane, 46, 338 properties, 341 Octanamide, 339 Octanoic acid, 339 1-Octanol, 338 Octaves, Law of, 104 Octyl alcohol, 338 1-Octylamine, 338... 

Octan 50, 55, 387, 389, 392, 490f 580, 624, 666 aus 2-Octanol und Triathyl-silan 412 aus 2-Tosylhydrazono-octan und Benzo-1,3,2-dioxaborol 370... 

Under microwave irradiation and applying MCM-41-immobilized nano-iron oxide higher activity is observed [148]. In this case also, primary aliphatic alcohols could be oxidized. The TON for the selective oxidation of 1-octanol to 1-octanal reached to 46 with 99% selectivity. Hou and coworkers reported in 2006 an iron coordination polymer [Fe(fcz)2Cl2]-2CH30H with fez = l-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-l,l-bis[(l//-l,2,4-triazol-l-yl)methyl]ethanol which catalyzed the oxidation of benzyl alcohol to benzaldehyde with hydrogen peroxide as oxidant in 87% yield and up to 100% selectivity [149]. An alternative approach is based on the use of heteropoly acids, whereby the incorporation of vanadium and iron into a molybdo-phosphoric acid catalyst led to high yields for the oxidation of various alcohols (up to 94%) with molecular oxygen [150]. 

The formation of alkenes and alkene-related polymerization products can seriously reduce the yields of desired alkane products from secondary alcohols, which can undergo elimination reactions. For example, reduction of 2-octanol at 0° with boron trifluoride gas in dichloromethane containing 1.2 equivalents of tri-ethylsilane gives only a 58% yield of n-octane after 75 minutes (Eq. II).129 The remainder of the hydrocarbon mass comprises nonvolatile polymeric material.126... 

Reported Henry s law constants and octanol-air partition coefficients of n-octane at various temperatures and temperature dependence equations... 

Octamethylenediamine, 54, 88 n-Octanal, from 2-lithio-l,3,5-trithiane and 1-bromohep-tane, 51, 43 1—Octanol, 53, 79 trans-2-Octnal, 54, 27... 

Linear alkylbenzene sulfonate (LAS) and the sodium salt Na-LAS (P550), alkyl sulfate (AS) Ci2-Ci4, alkylether sulfate (AES), alcohol ethoxylate (AE) 1012/60, methylester sulfonate (MES) Ci6-Ci8, Na-lauryl sulfate, 1-octane sulfate Na, 1-decan sulfonate Na, 1-hexadecan sulfonate Na, Laurie alcohol, 1-octanol (A. Caprilico), 1-nonanol, n-decyl-alcohol, 1-undecanol, 1-tridecanol, miristic alcohol (1-tetradecanol), 1-pentadecanol, cetyl-alcohol (1-hexadecanol), 1-hep-tadecanol, estearil alcohol (1-octadecanol), nonadecanol, araquidil alcohol (1-ecosanol), heneicosanol, behenil alcohol (1-docosanol),... 

Representatives of the subfamilies Omaliinae and Proteininae (omaliine group) possess an abdominal defensive gland reservoir that opens out between sternite 7 and 8 [ 120]. The multi-component mixtures contained in these glands are used for defence. In Omaliinae and Proteininae the secretion is characterized by mixtures of acids (e.g. 2-methylpropanoic acid, hexanoic acid, 2-octenoic acid, 2-methylbutanoic acid, 3-methylbutanoic acid, butyric acid, and tiglic acid), aldehydes (( )-2-hexenal, heptanal, octanal, nonanal), ketoaldehydes such as 4-oxo-2-hexenal 41 (Scheme 5), 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, alcohols (octanol, ( )-2-hexen-l-ol, 2-methylbutan-l-ol), alkanes (nonadecane), esters (2-methylbutyl tiglate 42, various propanoates, 2-hexenyl 3-methylbutanoate, 2-methylbutyl 2-methylbutanoate, octanoates,butanoates), and aromatic compounds (e.g. 2-phenethyl 3-methylbutanoate 43). Unusual compounds are 2-... 

To get some idea of the prices to be expected for compounds produced with these approaches, we have estimated the total cost of producing 10,000 tons per annum of 1-octanol from w-octane, based on data collected for this conversion by P. oleovorans, during growth in a two-liquid-phase system containing 15% (v/v) hexadecane as a carrier phase. n-Octane is dissolved in the carrier phase to a concentration of 5-10% (v/v), converted by the P. oleovorans cells in the aqueous phase, and the product 1 -octanol dissolves in the hexadecane phase once more. Downstream processing consists of a phase separation, followed by two distillation steps. In the first step, the C8 alkane/alkanol are separated from the hexadecane, which is recycled into the bioreactor. In the second step, the w-octane is distilled off the n-octanol the octane is recycled to the bioreactor, and the octanol is collected as the desired product. This approach leads to a very clean product stream of >98% pure 1-octanol. ... 

Figure 15.13 Biocatalysis for the oxidation of n-octane to 1-octanol at 10,000 tons/year.

This enzyme [EC 1.14.15.3], also known as alkane 1-monooxygenase, lauric acid ca-hydroxylase, fatty acid hydroxylate fatty acids in the [Pg.47]

This enzyme [EC 1.1.1.73] will catalyze the reaction of 1-octanol with NAD+ to produce 1-octanal and NADH. The enzyme can act on other long-chain alcohols, albeit not as effectively. 

Sebacic acid (1,8-octane dicarboxylic acid), which is used to make nylon-610, has been produced from 1,3-butadiene and by the dry distillation of castor oil (ricinolein). The cleavage of licinoleic acid gives 2-octanol and the salt of sebacic acid. 

Octan-2-ol (also called 2-octanol capryl alcohol)... 

---