National Institute of Standards and Testing NIST

The experimental portion of this work was carried out in two separate laboratories on two very different and important solid substrate materials, carbon chars and natural minerals of geochemical interest. The first involves excellent work performed by Victor Dietz et. al. at the National Bureau of Standards (NBS), now the National Institute of Standards and Testing (NIST). " This research was meticulously carried out before the advent of... 

The LAP equipment tester should have the equipment necessary to carry out the required challenge of the LAP systemJ This equipment should be in good working order and calibrated to a National Institute of Standards and Testing (NIST)-traceable standard at least annually, or more often as indicated by the manufacturer s specifications or equipment performance NIST-traceable calibration ensures the uniformity, accuracy, and serviceability of all test equipment as well as proper maintenance and care by the user. The NIST-traceability of equipment calibration is substantiated by a detailed calibration certification letter, issued by the calibrating authority for each piece of equipment. 

Reference material sets which are certified by the International Confederation for Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry (ICTAC) are available through the US National Institute of Standards and Testing (NIST), and are listed in Appendix 2.2. High-purity metals and organic compounds including polymers have been certified. If the standard reference material must be dispensed with a syringe into the sample vessel (for example cyclohexane), care must be taken to ensure that only one droplet is formed in the sample vessel. Multiple transition peaks will be observed if there is more than one droplet present. The transition temperatures listed in Appendix 2.2 are the statistical mean values of measurements made in a number of laboratories and institutes. The ICTAC reference materials are certified for temperature calibration only and not for enthalpy calibration. The reference temperatures in Appendix 2.1 should be used if very accurate calibration of the instrument is required. In order to determine the heat capacity Cp ) of a sample, sapphire (a-alumina, AI2 O3) is used as a standard reference material. The Cp of... 

With generous federal support, primarily Irom the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA), the Office of Naval Research (ONR), the Army Research Office (ARO), the National Science Foundation (NSF), the US Dept, of Commerce, National Institute of Standards and Testing (NIST), the... 

In Tables 6.3 and 6.4 RMs of three major producers are mentioned, i.e. the World Health Organization (WHO, International Standards), BCR (European Union, CRMs) and the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST, USA, SRMs). Some important national producers of clinical reference materials are the Chemicals and Inspection Testing Institute (CITI, Japan), National Institute for Biological Standards and Control (NIBSC, UK), and Deutsche Gesellschaft fiir Klinische Chemie (DGKC). There are numerous commercial producers of secondary reference materials. 

Some reference material producers/suppliers use different names to describe their materials. For example, a Standard Reference Material (SRM) is a certified reference material issued by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), while European Reference Materials (ERMs) are CRMs produced under a joint collaboration between three European reference materials producers, i.e. BAM (Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, Germany), IRMM (European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Institute for Reference Materials and Measurements, Belgium) and LGC (UK). 

Currently, there is no mechanism to effectively share reactive chemical test data throughout industry. The feasibility of a publicly available test database has not yet been studied by industry or government. Reactive chemical experts at one company visited by CSB expressed an interest in working with the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) to develop such a database. 

Certificate of Analysis, Standard Reference Material 869a column selectivity test mixture for liquid chromatography (polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons), National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), Gaithersburg, MD, 1998. Available at http //www.nist.gov/SRM... 

Accuracy is determined after a test calibration using one out of the four following ways. The difference between precision and accuracy is clearly shown in Figure 1. In the first case, if available, e.g., from the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), reference samples (e.g., pharmaceutical in matrix) with defined true reference values are analyzed. Then true and measured values can directly be compared, but this case is rare. 

Neutral-Density Filters. The empty reference filter holder (air reference) and then filters of various transmittance values at 440, 465, 546.1, 590, and 635 nm are scanned (these wavelengths are selected to minimize interaction between the absorbance and wavelength scales of the spectrophotometer being tested [12]). Compare the results with the values in the certificates. The certified values for the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) SRM 930-e series glass... 

Stock solution. The concentration of the stock solution was determined by the sodium iodate-thiosulfate titration method. For each determination, a 100.0-ml solution was prepared and placed in a vessel connected to a manometer for measuring the pressure. The vessel was sealed after insertion of a measured piece of catalase-immobilized CoFoam. The reaction of catalase with peroxide produces O2, and an increase in pressure indicates a degradation of the peroxide. Thus, a change in pressure in the vessel is a measure of the reaction rate. Since it is sufficient to show differences in test samples, the ideal gas law was used to convert the pressure into mass. The barometer was calibrated with a gauge traceable to National Institutes of Standards and Technology (NIST) standards. 

All inspection, measuring, and test equipment is capable of the accuracy and precision necessary. Prior to use, all inspection, measuring, and test equipment is identified, calibrated, and adjusted as required. Calibration and adjustments are made are against standards of certified equipment, traceable to the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST, where no such standard exists, the basis used for calibration is documented). Inspection, measuring, and test equipment is identified with a suitable indicator or approved identification record to show the calibration status. 

Tests on glass standard reference materials (SRM) from the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) show that a stable signal is obtained when each isotope is measured using the peak jumping mode and one point per peak with a dwell time of 18,000 ps. The quadrupole mass spectrometer scans the entire mass range three times per replicate and accumulates 9 replicates for a total acquisition time of about 1 minute. For this application, fifty-three isotopes were selected (Table I). 

In our experiments crystalline bovine serum albumin from Fluka, cat.no. 05470, (FLUKA albumin) was used for calibration and traceability purposes. The Fluka product was tested for traceability against the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), USA Standard Reference Material (SRM) 927c (Total Protein Standard) bovine serum albumin (NIST albumin). Two different statistical techniques were used to evaluate traceability of the FFUKA albumin to the NIST albumin. 

For very accurate manometer readings, the NIST (National Institute of Standards and Testing) has a compiled list of eight possible errors that can develop while reading manometers. These errors introduce extremely small variations and therefore are not included here. If you need to read a manometer to the sensi-... 

Where do correct values come from for measuring accuracy of an analytical method Philosophically, no one really knows the absolutely true value of a measurement, but the best we can do is to measure the sample by a widely accepted procedure and to compare the experimental value to this. In many cases, the accepted method will be published by an association or society which is involved in setting procedures. Two such organizations are the Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC) and the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM). Another approach is to obtain already analyzed and certified samples from an agency, for example, the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). Your experimental answer can then be compared to the provided results to test its accuracy. 

Standard reference materials from the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) are available for RFLP Profiling (SRM 2390), PCR-based Profiling DNA standard (SRM 2391b), Y-chromosome testing (SRM 2395), and mtDNA testing. Standards require annual NIST-traceable comparisons. 

The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) maintains Web pages of statistical data for testing software. Direct your Web browser to http //chetnistry.brookscole.com/skoogfac/. From the Chapter Resources menu, choose Web Works, and locate the Chapter 6 section. Here you will find a link to the NIST site. Browse the site to see what kinds of data are available for testing. We use two of the NIST data sets in Problems 6-21 and 6-22. Find the software diagnostics site for the Healthcare Standards Roadmap Project. Describe why the project is needed and the NIST approach. 

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