Correct values

The error made by this simplification is shown in fig. 5. The values calculated with equation (3) are smaller than the correct values according equation (2). This error is smaller than 1 % if the film focus distance is more than 6 times the diameter of the pipe. 

Corrected Melting-points. In all the above determinations of melting-points, the values obtained are described as uncorrected, since no allowance has been made for the fact that the column of mercury in the thermometer is at a lower temperature than that in the bulb. For most purposes it is sufficient to record this uncorrected value, which is usually only slightly lower than the corrected value. 

The nitric acid used in this work contained 10% of water, which introduced a considerable proportion of acetic acid into the medium. Further dilution of the solvent wnth acetic acid up to a concentration of 50 moles % had no effect on the rate, but the addition of yet more acetic acid decreased the rate, and in the absence of acetic anhydride there was no observed reaction. It was supposed from these results that the adventitious acetic acid would have no effect. The rate coefficients of the nitration diminished rapidly with time in one experiment the value of k was reduced by a factor of 2 in i h. Corrected values were obtained by extrapolation to zero time. The author ascribed the decrease to the conversion of acetyl nitrate into tetranitromethane, but this conversion cannot be the explanation because independent studies agree in concluding that it is too slow ( 5.3.1). 

Therefore, the corrected value of the temperature-altitude factor is. 135.37... 

These various calculations indicate that, for most of the range covered in pore size calculations, the actual value of y will differ appreciably from the normal value. The effect of using the corrected values would be to raise the calculated value of in the proportion y y. ... 

A correct value of the molecular weight is obtained for the charged polymer by the van t Hoff equation, provided that a large excess of indifferent electrolyte is present. These high concentrations are described as swamping electrolyte conditions. 

We assume that there exists a function which we represent by P(0)-in recognition of the fact that it is angle dependent-which can be multiplied by the scattered intensity as predicted by the Rayleigh theory to give the correct value for i, even in the presence of interference. That is. 

There is hidden assumption in equation 4 that the volume of the soHds and Hquid retained in the cake is negligible. This is reasonable at low concentrations but can lead to errors at high soHds concentrations and moisture contents of cakes. A corrected value of the concentration c can be used in equation 4 to reduce the errors, ie. 

Dissociation of the second proton is insignificant. The pH of its aqueous solutions can be measured reproducibly with a glass electrode, but a correction dependent on the concentration must be added to obtain the tme pH value. Correction values for the most common commercial solutions are Hsted in Table 3. The apparent pH of commercial product solutions can be affected by the type and amount of stabilizers added, and many times the pH is purposely adjusted to a grade specification range. 

The correct value for the oxidation potential of the HSO —HSO couple was estabflshed by a thermodynamic method ia 1979 (58) and confirmed ia 1982 (59). Previously pubHshed values have been found iaaccurate. 

The conversion factors are presented for ready adaptation to computer readout and electronic data transmission. The factors are written as a number equal to or greater than one and less than 10, with six or fewer decimal places. The number is followed by E (for exponent), a plus or minus symbol, and two digits which indicate the power of 10 by which the number must be multiphed to obtain the correct value. Eor example ... 

The heat of formation (332 kJ moF ) was calculated to be 376 kJ moF Since a correction of about 35 kJ moF is not unusual in calculations of three-membered rings, a corrected value of 340 kJ moF appears reasonable. 

Presumed in all that follows is the existence of an equation inherently capable of representing correct values of G for the hquid phase as a function of X ... 

A value of q is assumed and values of k are calculated for each data point. The correct value of q has been chosen when the values of/c are nearly constant or show no drift. This procedure is applicable for a rate equation of any complexity if it can be integrated. Eqs. (7-28) and (7-29) can also be put into linear form ... 

When the plots are colhnear, the correct value of k is found from the slope of the best straight hue. 

Tn large-diameter thin-wall elbows and bends, pressure can significantly affect the magnitudes of k and , To correct values from the table. 

Equations (13-31) and (13-32) are rigorous relationships between the splits obtained for components i and r in a column at total reflux. However, the correct value of Ot must always be estimated, and this is where the approximation enters. It is usually estimated from... 

The motor is run on no load at a rated frequency and voltage, until the watts input becomes constant (to ensure that the correct value of friction loss is obtained). Readings of line voltage, current, frequency and power input are taken. 

Note If a power capacitor is connected after the relay, say across the motor terminals, to improve the p.f. of the machine, then only the corrected value of the current musi be used. For example, if a capacitor bank of 130 kVAr is used for an individual correction of the machine then... 

To determine the deterioration in component performance and efficiency, the values must be corrected to a reference plane. These corrected measurements will be referenced to different reference planes depending upon the point, which is being investigated. Corrected values can further be adjusted to a transposed design value to properly evaluate the deterioration of any given component. Transposed data points are very dependent on the characteristics of the components performance curves. To determine the characteristics of these curves, raw data points must be corrected and then plotted against representative nondimensional parameters. It is for this reason that we must evaluate the turbine train while its characteristics have not been altered due to component deterioration. If component data were available from the manufacturer, the task would be greatly reduced. 

This, more restrictive inequality, is given by equation 2.5-5. For 3 a, it gives 0.95 which is much closer to the correct value of 0.997. 

The simplest procedure is merely to assume reasonable values for A and to make plots according to Eq. (2-52). That value of A yielding the best straight line is taken as the correct value. (Notice how essential it is that the reaction be accurately first-order for this method to be reliable.) Williams and Taylor have shown that the standard deviation about the line shows a sharp minimum at the correct A . Holt and Norris describe an efficient search strategy in this procedure, using as their criterion minimization of the weighted sum of squares of residuals. (Least-squares regression is treated later in this section.)... 

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