Bovine herpes virus

CP coat protein CtxB cholera toxin B subunit scFv single chain Fv antibody fragment TMOF trypsin modulating oostatic factor MAB monoclonal antibody GFP green fluorescent protein CPV Canine parvovirus BHV Bovine herpes virus FMDV Foot and mouth disease virus HCV Hepatitis C virus HRV Human rhino Virus MEV Mink enteritis virus MHV Murine hepatitis virus MV Measles virus RSV Respiratory syncytial virus... 

Bovine herpes virus type 1 (BHV1) glycoprotein D (gDc) Tobacco leaf Sustained and specific humoral and cellular immune response in mice and cows when delivered once parenterally. Cows challenged with infectious dose of BHV1 exhibited milder symptoms over a shorter duration. 87... 

Perez-Filgueira, D.M., Zamorano, PL, Dominguez, M.G., Taboga, O., Del Medico Zajac, M.P., Puntel, M., Romera, S.A., Morris, T.J., Borca, M.V., Sadir, A.M. (2003). Bovine herpes virus gD protein produced in plants nsing a recombinant tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) vector possesses authentic antigenicity. Vaccine 21 4201 209. 

Boroleucine 1472 Botulinum type A toxin 463 Bovine herpes virus (BHV) 27 Bovine serum albumin (BSA) 269, 957 Bovine somatotropin 25... 

It is likely that other unique viral inhibitors of TAP will be defined, including early proteins derived from bovine herpes virus BHVl (Hinkley et al. 1998) and pseudorabies virus (Ambagala et al. 2000). These will not only result in recognition of the strategies viruses use to hide for the immune system but will also provide a flow of information on the mechanism of action of the peptide transporter TAP. 

A number of studies have also assessed the capacity of the ISCOM vaccines to induce protection from challenge (assessed by survival, weight loss, virus isolation and clearance kinetics) [38]. Protection studies with experimental ISCOMs vaccine have been performed in various animal species[39, 40]. The most relevant results were obtained with ISCOMs containing viral antigens such as herpes (HSV-1), pseudorabies (PrV), bovine herpes virus type I (BHV-1), cytomegalovirus (CMV), Epstein Barr Virus (EBV) and rubella. Since 1992 the major areas of interest have been Retroviridae (HIV-1, -2, SIV, FIV and FeLV) and Orthomyxoviridae (various strains of influenza) [44]. For ISCOM vaccination, i.m. and s.c. routes of administration have mainly been used. 

Suggested Alternatives for Differential Diagnosis Foot-and-mouth disease, swine vesicular disease, vesicular exanthema of swine, rinderpest, infectious bovine rhinopneumon-itis, bovine virus diarrhea, malignant catarrhal fever, bluetongue, bovine papular stomatitis, mycotic stomatitis, photosensitization, cowpox, pseudo-cowpox, pseudo-lumpy skin disease, bovine herpes mammillitis, Potomac Valley fever in horses, foot rot, chemical burns, and thermal burns. 

Smee, D. Leonhardt, J. Vaccination against bovine herpes mammillitis virus infections in guinea pigs. Intervirology 1994, 37, 20-24. 

Hill AB, Barnett BC, McMichael AJ, McGeoch DJ (1994) HLA class I molecules are not transported to the cell surface in cells infected with herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2. J Immunol 152 2736-2741 Hill A, Jugovic P, York I, Russ G, Bennink J, Yewdell J, Ploegh H, Johnson D (1995) Herpes simplex virus turns off the TAP to evade host immunity. Nature 375 411-415 Hinkley S, Hill AB, Srikumaran S (1998) Bovine herpesvirus-1 infection affects the peptide transport activity in bovine cells. Virus Res 53 91-96... 

The protein A (pA), antihuman serum albumin (a-HSA, M 150 kD), and human serum albumin (HSA, M 65 kD) were provided by Paradocs BV (Tiel, The Netherlands). The Herpes Simplex Virus type 1 (HSV-1) and anti-HSV-1 gG glycoprotein G monoclonal antibody (a-HSV-1 gG) were purchased from Virusys Corporation (Marriottsville, MD, USA). Bovine serum albumin (BSA, M 50 kD) was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich Chemie BV (Zwijndrecht, The Netherlands). Synthetic surface protein of Hepatitis-B virus generated in Hep-G2 cell-line (HEP G2, M 25 kD) was provided by BioMerieux BV (Boxtel, The Netherlands). Phosphate buffered saline (PBS) was used for all experiments. 

In one of our recent studies, we examined antimicrobial and antiviral activities of four flavonoid derivatives, namely, scandenone (5), tiliro-side (6), quercetin-3,7-O-a-L-dirhamnoside (7), and kaempferol 3,7-O-a-L-dirhamnoside (8) as shown in Fig. 2. These were tested against E. coli, P. aeruginosa, Proteus mirabilis, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter bau-mannii, S. aureus, B. subtilis, and Enterococcus faecalis, as well as the fungus Candida albicans by the microdilution method [26]. In addition, both DNA virus Herpes simplex (HSV) and RNA virus Parainfluenza (PI-3) were employed for antiviral assessment of the compounds using Madin-Darby bovine kidney (MDBK) and Vero cell lines. 

Siciliano, R., Rega, B., Marchetti, M., Seganti, L., Antonini, G., and Valenti, P. 1999. Bovine lactoferrin peptidic fractions involved in inhibition of herpes simplex virus type I infection. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 264, 19—23. 

Jones C (2003) Herpes simplex virus type 1 and bovine herpesvirus 1 latency. Clin Microbiol Rev 16 79-95. 

Mott K, Osorio N, Jin L, Brick D, Naito J, Cooper J, Henderson G, Inman M, Jones C, Wechsler SL, and Pemg G-C (2003) The bovine herpesvirus 1 LR ORF2 is cmcial for this gene s ability to restore the high reactivation phenotype to a Herpes simplex virus-1 LAT null mutant. J Gen Virol 84 2975-2985. 

Solasonine inhibited larval development and pupation in Earias insulana [644], inhibited elongation of letuce seed radicles [646], inhibited the infectivity of herpes simplex virus type 1 and was cytotoxic to Vero cell cultures [652]. Solasonine weakly inhibited mycelium development in the fungus Phoma medicaginis synergism was observed in combination with 290 [647]. Solasonine lysed Penicillium notatum-derived protoplasts and bovine erythrocytes [648] and weakly disrupted stigmasterol and ergosterol liposomes [649] in each case, 290 was considerably more active. The completely assigned H and 13C NMR spectra for 291 have been reported [642],... 

Fig. 10 Herpes simplex virus detection. Validation for specific detection of herpes simplex virus using REVS a 500000 HSV (gD+) virions incubated on a surface coated with an HSV receptor (anti-gD monoclonal antibody), b the same number of HSV virions on a surface with a receptor to which HSV does not bind (control bovine IgG), c genetically modified HSV (gD ) on HSV receptor surface, d HSV on a soluble gD-blocked HSV receptor surface, e HSV in blocking solution (anti-gD monoclonal antibody) on HSV receptor surface. The traces have been displaced from zero on the y-axis for clarity...

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