Variable region

A sequence alignment establishes the correspondences between the amino adds in th unknown protein and the template protein (or proteins) from wliich it will be built. Th three-dimensional structures of two or more related proteins are conveniently divided int structurally conserved regions (SCRs) and structurally variable regions (SVRs). Ihe structural conserved regions correspond to those stretches of maximum sequence identity or sequenc... 

Variable region not required for biologic activity AspjGInTSerTAIaTGIuTf AlaYPh ProlL uIGIvlPt ... 

Each immunoglobulin light chain is the product of at least three separate strucmral genes a variable region... 

Idiotypic network. Idiotypic determinants (idiotypes) are unique antigenic epitopes characteristic of the antigen receptors on the surface of T and B cells. They are associated with the variable regions of these receptors. Antibodies produced by B cells as the result of antigenic stimulation can themselves stimulate the production of auto-anti-idiotypic antibodies which have the ability to combine with the B-cell receptor (Ig) and thus can dampen down the immune response. Idiotypes may likewise stimulate the production of T cells specific for idiotypic determinants. Jerne (1974) postulated his... 

Somatic hypermutation High frequency of mutation that occurs in the gene segments encoding the variable regions of antibodies during the differentiation of B lymphocytes into antibody-producing plasma cells. 

Zhang PF, Bouma P, Park EJ, et al. A variable region 3 (V3) mutation determines a global neutralization phenotype and CD4-independent infectivity of a human immunodeficiency virus type 1 envelope associated with a broadly cross-reactive, primary virus-neutralizing antibody response. J Virol 2002 76(2) 644-655. 

Human immune system Variable region of antibodies, histocompatibility genes... 

Human serine protease Variable region of receptor site genes... 

Endo, T., Wright, A., Morrison, S.L., and Kobata, A. (1995) Glycosylation of the variable region of immunoglobulin G-site specific maturation of the sugar chains. Mol Immunol. 32(13), 931-940. 

Sastry, L., Alting-Mees, M., Huse, W.D., Short, J.M., Sorge, J.A., Hay, B.N., Janda, K.D., Benkovic, S.J., and Lerner, R.A. (1989) Cloning of the immunological repertoire in Escherichia coli for generation of monoclonal catalytic antibodies Construction of a heavy chain variable region-specific cDNA library. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 86, 5728-5732. 

The first strategy entails production of chimaeric antibodies, consisting of mouse variable regions and human constant regions (Figure 13.9). The chimaeric antibody would display the specificity of the original murine antibody, but would largely be human in sequence. 

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