Canine parvovirus

The results of this study indicated that chloroplast-synthesized CTB-2L21 protein displays a strong affinity for GMl gangliosides in a similar manner to that found for purified bacterial CTB. This indicates that the fusion protein retained the correct pentameric structure characteristic of CTB and 

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CP coat protein CtxB cholera toxin B subunit scFv single chain Fv antibody fragment TMOF trypsin modulating oostatic factor MAB monoclonal antibody GFP green fluorescent protein CPV Canine parvovirus BHV Bovine herpes virus FMDV Foot and mouth disease virus HCV Hepatitis C virus HRV Human rhino Virus MEV Mink enteritis virus MHV Murine hepatitis virus MV Measles virus RSV Respiratory syncytial virus... 

Fig. 8.10 Titers of antibodies at day 50 induced by plant-derived CTB-2L21 recombinant protein. Balb/c mice were intraperitoneally immunized with leaf extract from CTB-2L21 transgenic plants. Animals were boosted at days 21 and 35. Each mouse received 20 pg of CTB-2L21 recombinant protein. Individual samples of mouse serum were titrated against 2L21 synthetic peptide,VP2 protein and a control peptide (amino acids 122-135 of hepatitis B virus surface antigen). Titers were expressed as the highest serum dilution to yield twice the absorbance mean of preimmune sera. M1-M6 mice 1 to 6 2L21 epitope from the VP2 protein of the canine parvovirus CTB cholera toxin B VP2 protein of the canine parvovirus that includes the 2L21 epitope.

Canine parvovirus (CPV) VP2 epitope Epitope display on cowpea mosaic virus in cowpea leaf Immunogenic in mice when delivered parenter-ally or nasally. Dogs developed 3L17- and VP2-specific IgG sera neutralized CPV in vitro. Protective against lethal challenge in dogs immunized parenterally. 76, 77... 

Canine parvovirus VP2 epitope Epitope display on plum pox potyvirus in tobacco leaf Mice developed CPV-specific antibodies that showed neutralizing activity. Immunogenic in mice and rabbits when delivered parenterally 78... 

Two studies have involved the fusion of an antigen to P-glucuronidase (GUS). Gil et al. [61] fused GUS to the 2L21 protective epitope from canine parvovirus, and Dus Santos et al. [23] fused GUS to the protective epitope from FMDV. Transformants in both cases were selected on the basis of GUS activity, and both proved to be immunogenic. Mice immunized orally or parenterally with the GUS-FMDV epitope fusion were completely protected against challenge with the native virus. 

Canine parvovirus (CPV) VP2 epitope fused to GUS Arabidopsis leaf Specific antibodies detected and immunogenic in mice when delivered parenterally. 61... 

Vibragen Omega (r-feline interferon omega IFN-co) Virbac Reduction of mortality/clinical symptoms associated with canine parvovirus... 

Figure 2. Atomic force microscopy images showing the surface of a rhesus monkey erythrocyte membrane. Damage, such as formation of humps on the peripheral surface and pits in other parts, results from the interaction with virions of the canine parvovirus, (a) edge of erythrocyte (b) pits on membrane surface. (Source http //www.ntmdt.ru/ publications/download/211.pdf, Reproduced with permission from Dr Boris N. Zaitser)...

Tsao, J., et al. (1992). Structure determination of monoclinic canine parvovirus. Acta Crystallogr. B 48, 75-88. 

Vibragen Omega (rFeline interferon w) Virbac Vet. (reduce mortality/ clinical signs of canine parvovirus) 2001 (EU)... 

Canine parvovirus CTB-2L21 Prrn 31.1% 2005 Azthar Aziz et al., 2005 Mobna et al.. 

Molina, A. Veramendi, J., and Hervas-Stubbs, S. (2005). Induction of neutralizing antibodies by a tobacco chloroplast-derived vaccine based on a B cell epitope from canine parvovirus. Virology 342 2666-2675. 

PPV VP2 peptide from canine parvovirus Femandez-Femandez et at, 1998... 

Canine parvovirus Tobacco chloroplasts Epitope 2L21 Molina et ah, 2005 —continued... 

Canine parvovirus, first identified in 1978, is now endemic.455,456 Childhood fifth disease is also caused by a parvovirus.456,457 When these single-stranded DNA viruses infect cells a double-stranded replicative form of DNA arises by synthesis of the complementary negative strand alongside the original positive DNA strand. Many copies of the replicative form are then synthesized. The negative strands of the replicative forms serve as templates for synthesis of numerous new positive strands that are incorporated into the progeny viruses. The whole process may take only 20 minutes. Some parvoviruses are unable to reproduce unless the cell is also infected by a larger adenovirus. 

Parvovirinae Parvovirus Canine parvovirus (CPV) feline panleukopenia virus (FPV) ... 

Chapman, M. S., and Rossmann, M. G. (1995). Single-stranded DNA-protein interactions in canine parvovirus. Structure 3, 151-162. 

Members of the Parvovirus genus cause a number of diseases in mammals, including enteritis [37, 38] and childhood fifth disease. These nonenveloped viruses have a capsid with a diameter of 255 A that encases a double-stranded DNA genome and infect only cells that are in the S phase [39]. In canine parvovirus (GPV) the T=1 capsid is composed mainly of 60 copies of viral protein 2 (VP2). There is a small amount of VPS in the capsid that is the result of proteolytic cleavage of 17 residues from the amino terminus of VP2. Up to 20% of the 60 copies of VP2 in each capsid are replaced by VPl. VPl is the product of an alternative transcriptional splicing event that places an additional 153 amino acids at the N terminus [15]. No evidence for VPl was observed in the crystal structure [40]. 

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