Manifest system

Permitted BIFs are subject to all of the general TSDF standards including general operating standards, preparedness and prevention, contingency plan, use of the manifest system, closure and financial assurance, and corrective action. 

The RCRA has also outlined a set of systematic rules governing the transport of hazardous waste. A detailed manifest system was established, where a manifest is to be prepared for each shipment of hazardous waste. The manifest includes information on the generator, the nature of the waste, and the quantity. Each transporter of the waste is required to sign and verify the manifest and keep a copy. When the waste reaches its destination, a copy signed by all parties is returned to the origination point to verify arrival of the waste. This system ensures that no waste is lost or disposed of improperly. 

The technical standards contained in the DOT regulations cited above apply to hazardous waste transporters as well as to generators. 8 263.10(a). Aside from these standards, the transporter regulations are relatively straightforward. Transporters must notify EPA comply with the manifest system utilize special shipping papers for bulk hazardous waste shipments by rail or water and comply with the clean-up requirements in 8 263.30 and 263.32 if hazardous waste is discharged during transport. 

Much less information is available on industrial practices in processing solid-waste material. Although it is generally suspected that most waste material is incinerated or disposed of through deep-well injection or dump sites, the practice varies widely and no current data base exists on individual practice. Such a data base, however, could be developed as a manifest system for hazardous materials and implemented under the Resources Conservation and Recovery Act. 

Procedures play a major role in controUing the entry or exit of radioactive material from sites. Typical procedures include security, physical monitoring, and manifest systems. Security procedures and physical security systems can also prevent unauthorized persons from entering a facility or entering dangerous locations. 

Recovery Act of 1980 requires that anyone who generates, stores, transports, or disposes of hazardous waste must obtain an identifying number. The waste generated, stored, transported, or disposed of must follow a manifest system. The manifest system allows tracking of the type and amount of hazardous material generated until completion of proper disposal. The procedure ensures that all parties in a hazardous waste chain know the disposal location and method. In addition, a producer needs to track purchase and receipt of hazardous materials and their storage and use. 

Both the EPA and the Department of Transportation (DOT) have responsibdities related to transport of hazardous waste. AU EPA hazardous wastes are hazardous materials under DOT regulations. Both agencies participate in the manifest system. As discussed in Chapter 14, DOT regulations address quantities, packaging, labeling, routes, shipping papers, incident reports, and training. 

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Manifest Disposal System. In the United States, hazardous-waste disposal is governed by the RCRA manifest system. Generators must prepare a form that discloses the type and quality of wastes to be transported to an off-site facility for treatment, storage, recycling, or disposal subject to the Hazardous Materials Transportation Act (HMTA). Because the generator remains liable for proper disposal, a copy of the manifest form, signed by all handlers of the hazardous wastes, is returned to the generator to verify its delivery. However, some wastes are not transported but are treated and disposed of on-site. 

Generators. There are many types of businesses and industries that generate hazardous wastes. These include manufacturers, oil refineries, professional offices, commercial facilities such as dry cleaners, service industries including beauty salons, automobile repair shops, and exterminators and medical facilities, hospitals, and laboratories. Based on the RCRA manifest system, these generators have cradle-to-grave responsibility for the proper disposal of the hazardous wastes in the United States. 

Transporters. Hazardous-waste transportation is a growing business. In the United States, the Hazardous Materials Transportation Act (HMTA) requires strict compliance with federal laws and applies not only to transporters of hazardous materials but also to generators who engage the services of such transportation companies. Transporters must be issued an identification number and are required to use the RCRA manifest system. The Department of Transportation is involved in ensuring compliance with the HMTA. 

The Hazardous Waste Electronic Manifest Establishment Act, or e-Manifest Act, became law in 2012. The new law required EPA to develop an electronic hazardous waste manifesting system within three years. 

The EPA Administrator signed the final rule authorizing the development of the e-Manifest system in January 2014. 

The e-Manifest system will provide hazardous waste generators, transporters, and treatment, storage, and disposal facilities with the option to complete, sign, transmit, and store manifest information electronically. 

The e-Manifest system is expected to significantly improve the delivery of waste tracking services to the public and the delivery of high quality manifest data to manifest users and to government officials. It is also expected to substantially reduce costs relative to the paper manifest system now in place. In fact, EPA concludes that e-Manifesting could save as much as 300,000 to 700,000 in paperwork burden hours and more than 75 million per year. 

Once the e-Manifest system is developed, electronic manifest documents wiU be available to manifest users as an alternative to the paper manifest forms, although users may elect to opt out of the e-Manifest system and continue to use paper manifests to track hazardous waste shipments. The disposal facility will submit any paper manifests to EPA for inclusion in the e-Manifest system. 

The final rule also addresses how the agency will impose reasonable user service fees as a means to fund the development and operation of the e-Manifest system. Fees will apply to generators, transporters, and storage facilities. In addition, fees will also be imposed on those who choose to use paper manifests. EPA will publish a further notice to annoimce the user fee schedide for manifest-related activities. 

EPA has established an exemption from CERCLA release notification requirements for the disposal of hazardous substances at RCRA Subtitle C hazardous waste facilities. Because the disposal of wastes into permitted or interim status facilities is already documented through the RCRA manifest system, EPA believes that notification under CERCLA does not provide a significant additional benefit. 

Assuring through the manifest system that the waste arrives at Ihe designated facility... 

Comply with the manifest system for tracking hazardous waste... 

The purpose of the manifesting system is to establish accountability for and tracking of hazardous waste shipments. The manifest is an important feature of RCRA s "cradle to grave" system. A generator must keep a copy of each manifest for three years. The generator must also maintain records and report hazardous waste management activity, including the amount of hazardous waste produced, the transporters of the wastes, and the TSDFs in possession of the hazardous waste (40 CFR 262.40-262.44). 

Transporters of hazardous waste must also meet certain standards. These regulations were coordinated by EPA with existing regulations of the Department of Transportation. A manifest system, effective since 1980, is used to track wastes from their point of generation, along their transportation routes, to the place of final TSD. 

The hazardous waste generator must employ a manifest system for tracking hazardous wastes from generation to final disposal. A manifest is a document inventorying the precise constituents of the waste. 

In the United States, the transportation of hazardous substances is regulated through the U.S. Department of Transportation (DOT). One of the ways in which this is done is through the manifest system of documentation designed to aecomplish the following goals ... 

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