Mycobacterium tuberculosis macrophages

McKinney JD, Honer zu Bentrup K, Munoz-Elias EJ et al. Persistence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in macrophages and mice requires the glyoxylate shunt enzyme isocitrate lyase. Nature 2000 406[6797] 735—738. 

It was found that the HIV envelope glycoprotein in vitro increases the production of NO by human monocyte-derived macrophages [114]. NO production is increased in patients who have AIDS [115], and the increased concentrations of nitrite in AIDS patients with opportunistic infections is caused by T gondii, Pneumocystis carinii, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, and Mycobacterium avium, whereas nitrite concentrations are normal in symptom-free patients. It was also confirmed that there was increased production of NO in the sera of children with HIV-1 infection, and of circulating cytokines, such as interleukin lp, tumor necrosis factor a, and interferon y. It is postulated that rises in the concentrations of these cytokines may represent a substantial stimulation of NO production [116]. In contrast, it has been shown that there was no altered endogenous nitrate formation in eight patients with AIDS, most of whom had opportunistic infections [117]. It has also been noted that there were high... 

Colston MJ et al (2004) Antimycobacterial calixarenes enhance innate defense mechanisms in murine macrophages and induce control of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in mice. Infect Immun 72 6318-6323... 

The compound s activity was later reinvestigated by Tascon and colleagues who confirmed the original findings [33], Both macrophages and live mice were infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis to determine the effects at the level of the cell and organism levels, respectively. Macrocyclon, illustrated in Fig. 7.12, was found... 

Downing, J.F., Pasula, R., Wright, J.R., Twigg, H.L., III, and Martin, W.J., II, 1995 Surfactant protein A promotes attachment of Mycobacterium tuberculosis to alveolar macrophages during infection with human immunodeficiency virus. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 92 4848M852. 

Ferguson, J.S., Voelker, D.R., McCormack, F.X., and Schlessinger, L.S., 1999, Surfactant protein D binds to Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacilli and lipoarabinomannan via carbohydrate-lectin interactions resulting in reduced phagocytosis of the bacteria by macrophages. J. Immunol. 163 312-321. 

Anand PK, Kaul D, Sharma M. Green tea polyphenol inhibits Mycobacterium tuberculosis survival within human macrophages. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2006 38(4) 600-609. 

Armstrong JA, Hart DPA. Response of cultured macrophages to Mycobacterium tuberculosis, with observations on fusion of lysosomes with phagosomes. Exp Med 1971 134 713-740. 

Pjrazinamide is a pyrazine analogue of nicotinamide. It is bactericidal for Mycobacterium tuberculosis in an acid environment and within macrophages (1). Regimens that include pyrazinamide produce significantly more rapid rates of sputum conversion than any other combination. Pyrazinamide is therefore especially appropriate in the initial phase of treatment. In the 6-month... 

Means TK, Jones BW, Schromm AB, Shurtleff BA, Smith JA, et al. 2001. Differential effects of a Toll-like receptor antagonist on Mycobacterium tuberculosis-induced macrophage responses. J. Immunol. 166 4074-82... 

Barrow EL, Winchester GA, Staas JK, Quenelle DC, Barrow WW. Use of microsphere technology for targeted delivery of rifampin to Mycobacterium tuberculosis-infected macrophages. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy. October 1998 42(10) 2682-2689. PubMed PMID 9756777. Pubmed Central PMCID 105919. 

Zhang Y, Broser M, Cohen H, Bodkin M, Law K, Reibman J, Rom WN. Enhanced interleukin-8 release and gene expression in macrophages after exposure to Mycobacterium tuberculosis and its components. J Clin Invest 1995 95 586-592. 

Roach Tl, Barton CH, Chatteijee D, Blackwell JM. Macrophage activation lipoara-binomannan from avirulent and virulent strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis differentially induces the early genes c-fos, KC, JE, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha. J Immunol 1993 150 1886-1896. 

Wehn A., 2011.Survival Strategies of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis inside the Human Macrophage. 

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