Pneumocystis carinii

AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome) is the final stage of disease caused by infection with HIV. In this stage, the vims infection has severely affected the immune system, causing a depletion of CD4+ T-helper cells. AIDS is characterized by the manifestation of typical diseases caused by opportunistic infections (Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, CMV retinitis, candidiasis of the esophagus, cerebral toxoplasmosis), neurological manifestations, cachexia, or certain tumors (Kaposi sarcoma of the skin, B-cell lymphoma). [Pg.51]

Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, a pneumonia seen in those with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome The mode of action of this drug is not fully understood. [Pg.103]

This drug is used cautiously in patients with peripheral vascular disease, neuropathy, chronic pancreatitis, or impaired liver function. Didanosine is a Pregnancy Category B drug and is used cautiously during pregnancy and lactation. There may be a decrease in the effectiveness of dapsone in preventing Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia when didanosine is administered with dapsone Use of didanosine with zalcitabine may cause additive neuropathy. Absorption of didanosine is decreased when it is administered with food. [Pg.124]

Pneumocystis carinii DHFR inhibitor, Ki = 6.9 xM (about 30-foid seiectivity vs. human DHFR)... [Pg.399]

Gschwend DA, Sirawaraporn W, Santi DV, Kuntz ID. Specificity in structure-based drug design identification of a novel, selective inhibitor of Pneumocystis carinii dihydrofolate reductase. Proteins Struct Funct Genet 1997 29 59-67. [Pg.421]

Note page numbers in italics refer to Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia amphoterocin B 114,7 7 5... [Pg.492]

The effects of bis-benzimidazoles (XIII) on Pneumocystis carinii topo II were evaluated by Dykstra et al. [62]. From their data, Eq. 14 was developed [47] ... [Pg.62]

Human immunodeficiency virus, AIDS Mycobacterial, cytomegaloviral, and Pneumocystis carinii (P. jiroveci) infection... [Pg.687]

Pneumocystis proved (formerly Pneumocystis carinii). Am J Transplant 2004 4(suppl 10) 135-141. [Pg.852]

PCP Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia phencyclidine QI Quality improvement... [Pg.1557]

AIDSTRIALS (AIDS Clinical Trials). The AIDSTRIALS database [80] provides information about AIDS-related studies of experimental treatments conducted under the FDA s investigational new drug (IND) regulations. AIDSTRIALS contains information about clinical trials of agents undergoing evaluation for use against AIDS, HIV infection, and AIDS-related opportunistic diseases such as Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP). Detailed information is supplied... [Pg.776]

Mathis, A., Weber, R., Kuster, H. and Speich, R. (1996) Reliable one-tube nested PCR for detection and SSCP-typing of Pneumocystis carinii. Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology 43, 7S. [Pg.85]

Primaquine is also gametocytocidal and a single dose of 30-45 mg has been suggested to prevent transmission of falciparum malaria particularly in areas where there is a potential for reintroduction of malaria. Primaquine is also used in the treatment of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in AIDS patients in combinations with clindamycin [3]. [Pg.155]

A drug primarily used in pneumonia caused by Pneumocystis carinii is... [Pg.65]

Lymphoma, Burkitt s Lymphoma, immunoblastic Lymphoma, primary, or brain Mycobacterium avium complex or M. kamasii, disseminated or extrapulmonary M. tuberculosis, any site (pulmonary or extrapulmonary) Mycobacterium, other species or unidentified species, disseminated or extrapulmonary Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia Pneumonia, recurrent... [Pg.449]

The most common opportunistic diseases and their frequencies found before death in patients with AIDS between 1990 and 1994 were Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP), Mycobacterium avium complex, and cytomegalovirus disease. [Pg.457]

Pneumocystis carinii (afebrile pneumonia syndrome) methoxazole... [Pg.488]

Lyles, R.H. et al., Prognostic value of plasma HIV RNA in the natural history of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, cytomegalovirus and Mycobacterium avium complex. Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study, AIDS, 13, 341, 1999. [Pg.46]

It was found that the HIV envelope glycoprotein in vitro increases the production of NO by human monocyte-derived macrophages [114]. NO production is increased in patients who have AIDS [115], and the increased concentrations of nitrite in AIDS patients with opportunistic infections is caused by T gondii, Pneumocystis carinii, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, and Mycobacterium avium, whereas nitrite concentrations are normal in symptom-free patients. It was also confirmed that there was increased production of NO in the sera of children with HIV-1 infection, and of circulating cytokines, such as interleukin lp, tumor necrosis factor a, and interferon y. It is postulated that rises in the concentrations of these cytokines may represent a substantial stimulation of NO production [116]. In contrast, it has been shown that there was no altered endogenous nitrate formation in eight patients with AIDS, most of whom had opportunistic infections [117]. It has also been noted that there were high... [Pg.20]

In microorganisms, visualization of the lysosomal system of different species of malaria parasites, (19), the endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi complex system of Tritrichomonas foetus (20) and the Golgi complex and primary lysosomes of Pneumocystis carinii (30) has been attempted using ZIO staining. [Pg.236]

Palluault F, Dei-Cas E, Slomianny C, Soulez B, Camus D. Golgi complex and lyso-somes in rabbit derived Pneumocystis carinii. Biol Cell 1990 70 73-82. [Pg.247]

Alternative, also stereoselective, routes to allenic steroids take advantage of cationic cyclization reactions [108] or [2,3]-sigmatropic rearrangements [109]. For example, the allenic Michael acceptor 112 was prepared with 57% chemical yield by reaction of mestranol (111) with diethyl chlorophosphite and was found to inhibit the sterol biosynthesis of the pathogen responsible for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP), the most abundant AIDS-related disease (Scheme 18.36) [110]. [Pg.1019]

IMMUNODEFICIENCY WITH HYPER-IGM (HIGMl), AN IMMUNOGLOBULIN ISOTYPE SWITCH DEFECT CHARACTERIZED BY ELEVATED CONCENTRATIONS OF SERUM IGM AND DECREASED AMOUNTS OF ALL OTHER ISOTYPES. AFFECTED MALES PRESENT AT AN EARLY AGE (USUALLY WITHIN THE FIRST YEAR OF LIFE) RECURRENT BACTERIAL AND OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTIONS, INCLUDING PNEUMOCYSTIS CARINII PNEUMONIA AND INTRACTABLE DIARRHEA DUE TO CRYPTOSPORIDIUM INFECTION. DESPITE SUBSTITUTION TREATMENT WITH INTRAVENOUS IMMUNOGLOBULIN, THE OVERALL PROGNOSIS IS RATHER POOR, WITH A DEATH RATE OF ABOUT 10% BEFORE ADOLESCENCE. [Pg.34]

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