Leukopenia bone marrow depression

Other adverse reactions associated with penicillin are hematopoietic changes such as anemia, thrombocytopenia (low platelet count), leukopenia (low white blood cell count), and bone marrow depression. When penicillin is given orally, glossitis (inflammation of the tongue), stomatitis (inflammation of die mouth), dry mouth, gastritis, nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain occur. When penicillin is given intramuscularly (IM), there may be pain at die injection site Irritation of the vein and phlebitis (inflammation of a vein) may occur witii intravenous (IV) administration. 

Reactions after administration of 131I include sore diroat, swelling in the neck, nausea, vomiting, cough, and pain on swallowing. Otiier reactions include bone marrow depression, anemia, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, and tachycardia... 

Anemia, proteinuria, nausea, vomiting, fever, rash, leukopenia, neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, diarrhea, constipation, alopecia Bone marrow depression, hyperuricemia, hepatotoxicity, skin rash... 

I 12. The answer is b. (Hardman, pp 1264-1265J Dactinomycin s major toxicities include stomatitis, alopecia, and bone marrow depression. Bleomycin s toxicities include edema of the hands, alopecia, and stomatitis. Mitomycin causes marked bone marrow depression, renal toxicity, and interstitial pneumonitis. Plicamycin causes thrombocytopenia, leukopenia, liver toxicity, and hypocalcemia. The latter may be of use in the treatment of hypercalcemia. Doxorubicin causes cardiotoxicity, as well as alopecia and bone marrow depression. The cardiotoxicity has been linked to a lipid peroxidation within cardiac cells. 

Gl Melena anorexia nausea vomiting constipation taste alteration diarrhea. Hematologic Bone marrow depression thrombocytopenia thrombocytopenic purpura hemolytic anemia leukopenia pancytopenia agranulocytosis. 

Hematologic Bone marrow depression including agranulocytosis eosinophilia purpura thrombocytopenia leukopenia. 

Adverse reactions occurring in 3% or more of patients include drowsiness, dizziness, fatigue, tiredness, asthenia, blurred vision, headache, nervousness, confusion, dry mouth, nausea, constipation, dyspepsia, unpleasant taste, purpura, bone marrow depression, leukopenia, eosinophilia, thrombocytopenia, elevation and lowering of blood sugar levels, and weight gain or loss. 

Hematologic/Lymphatic Anemia hemolytic anemia thrombocytopenia thrombocytopenic purpura eosinophilia leukopenia granulocytopenia neutropenia bone marrow depression agranulocytosis reduction of hemoglobin or hematocrit prolongation of bleeding and prothrombin time decrease in WBC and lymphocyte counts increase in lymphocytes, monocytes, basophils, and platelets. Hypersensitivity Adverse reactions (estimated incidence, 1% to 10%) are more likely to occur in individuals with previously demonstrated hypersensitivity. In penicillin-sensitive individuals with a history of allergy, asthma, or hay fever, the reactions may be immediate and severe. 

Hematologic- Eosinophilia transient neutropenia leukocytosis leukopenia thrombocythemia thrombocytopenia agranulocytosis granulocytopenia hemolytic anemia bone marrow depression pancytopenia decreased platelet function anemia aplastic anemia hemorrhage. 

Severe leukopenia, neutropenia, anemia, thrombocytopenia, pancytopenia, bone marrow depression, and aplastic anemia have been observed in patients treated with valganciclovir tablets (and ganciclovir) (see Precautions and Adverse Reactions). 

IV use at high doses or for extended periods of time may cause bone marrow depression manifested as thrombocytopenia, leukopenia, or megaloblastic anemia. POP in patients with Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) A DS patients may not tolerate or respond to TMP-SMZ. 

Hematoiogic effects Severe leukopenia or thrombocytopenia, macrocytic anemia, severe bone marrow depression, and selective erythrocyte aplasia may occur in patients on azathioprine. Hematologic toxicities are dose-related, may occur late in the... 

Marked bone marrow depression may occur with resultant anemia, leukopenia, or thrombocytopenia. 

The most publicized adverse affects are those involving the hematopoietic system they are manifested by toxic bone marrow depression or idiosyncratic aplastic anemia. The bone marrow depression is dose related and is seen most frequently when daily doses exceed 4 g and plasma concentrations exceed 25 jig/mL. The bone marrow depression is characterized by anemia, sometimes with leukopenia or thrombocytopenia, but it is reversible on discontinuation of chloramphenicol. 

Bone marrow depression may be manifested as aplastic anemia, thrombocytopenia, thrombocytopenic purpura, leukopenia, agranulocytosis, hemolytic anemia. 

Severe leukopenia and/or thrombocytopenia may occur as well as macrocytic anemia and bone marrow depression fungal, viral, bacterial, and protozoal infections may be fatal may increase the patient s risk of neoplasia via mutagenic and carcinogenic properties (skin cancer and reticulum cell or lymphomatous tumors) temporary depression in spermatogenesis... 

Agranulocytosis, aplastic anemia, bone marrow depression, hypoplastic anemia, leukopenia, neutropenia, and septic shock have been reported when used within therapeutic dose ranges, typically within the first 12 wk of therapy Use with caution in patients with preexisting marrow failure or cytopenia. 

Bone marrow depression includes aplastic anaemia, leukopenia, agranulocytosis, thrombocytopenia. 

Mechlorethamine Forms DNA cross-links, resulting in inhibition of DNA synthesis and function Hodgkin s and non-Hodgkin s lymphoma Nausea and vomiting Moderate depression of peripheral blood count excessive doses produce severe bone marrow depression with leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, and bleeding alopecia and hemorrhagic cystitis occasionally occur with cyclophosphamide cystitis can be prevented with adequate hydration busulfan is associated with skin pigmentation, pulmonary fibrosis, and adrenal... 

Methotrexate 2.5-5 mg/d orally (Rheumatrex) 10 mg intrathecally (Folex) once or twice weekly Mucositis, diarrhea, bone marrow depression with leukopenia and thrombocytopenia... 

Dose-related toxicities of azathioprine or 6-mercaptopurine include nausea, vomiting, bone marrow depression (leading to leukopenia, macrocytosis, anemia, or thrombocytopenia), and hepatic toxicity. Routine laboratory monitoring with complete blood count and liver function tests is required. Leukopenia or elevations in liver chemistries usually respond to medication dose reduction. Severe leukopenia may predispose to opportunistic infections leukopenia may respond to therapy with granulocyte stimulating factor. Hypersensitivity reactions to azathioprine or 6-mercaptopurine occur in 5% of patients. These include fever, rash, pancreatitis, diarrhea, and hepatitis. 

Adverse effects in patients include stomatitis, bone marrow depression, diarrhea, anorexia, nausea leukopenia, alopecia, and dermatitis.2... 

Benzem itself has been found to cause bone-marrow depression consequent leukopenia (lowered white blood cell count) on prolonged sure, nzene should therefore be handled cautiously if used as a ta1 tory solvent. 

Eosinophilia and leukocytosis are part of a general hypersensitivity reaction to allopurinol. Leukopenia and neutropenia are sometimes associated with allopurinol. Patients taking cytostatic therapy are more susceptible to bone marrow depression if they take allopurinol as well (SED-9, 155) however, this has not been confirmed in other reports (7). Agranulocjdosis is extremely rare. 

Adverse effects of thiacetazone include bone marrow depression, with anemia, leukopenia, agranulocytosis, and thrombocytopenia (2-4). Hemolytic anemia has also been described (5). 

Hydroxyurea is active against melanoma, chronic myelocytic leukemia, and metastatic ovarian carcinoma. It is used in combination with radiotherapy for head and neck cancer. The main toxieity is bone marrow depression expressed as leukopenia anemia, and. iK-casionally. thrombocytopenia. Gastrointestinal toxicity and dermatological reactioas also... 

Bone marrow depression (cumulative) with delayed leukopenia and thrombocytopenia (may be prolonged) pulmonary fibrosis (may be irreversible) delayed renal damage reversible liver damage leukemia myocardial ischemia veno-occlusive disease of liver after transplantation doses... 

Hematologic aplastic anemia, leukopenia, agranulocytosis, bone marrow depression CNS dizziness, drowsiness, unsteadiness Other nausea, vomiting... 

Despite only a minor difference in the chemical structures of vinblastine and vincristine, the clinical effects differ considerably. Surprisingly there is no clinical evidence of cross resistance between them, or with radiation and other presently known oncolytic agents. The rise and fall of the blood activity level of vincristine is steeper than that of vinblastine.The dosage requirements of both alkaloids differ markedly the weekly intravenous dose of vinblastine for humans is 0.1—0.2 mg per kg, that of vincristine, however, is approximately one tenth of this. Concerning the side-effects, vincristine shows more neurotoxic effects and vinblastine is considered to have more potency in bone-marrow depression. This is not without consequences on human therapy therapy is limited by bone-marrow depression with vinblastine and neuromuscular effects, with vincristine. Early symptoms of side-effects are vomiting, fever, and exanthemes. Late symptoms are C.N.S. disturbances, alopecia, and leukopenia. C.N.S. disturbances are manifested by various symptoms such as paresthesias, neuritis, paresis, and muscular atrophy, accompanied by quenched reflexes. Even behaviour may be affected after a long period of treatment. But why do all these side-effects happen, when Vinca alkaloids are unable to pass the blood-brain barrier The only explanation we have at hand is that they are possibly caused by metabolites or breakdown products of the normal biochemical pathways, which are disturbed by the alkaloids. 

Hematological Bone marrow depression, erythropenia, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia... 

Etoposide is mostly excreted unchanged by the kidneys. The adverse effects of etoposide include nausea and vomiting, headache, weakness, paresthesia, hypotension, palpitation, tachycardia, bone marrow depression, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, and reversible alopecia. 

The most frequent adverse reactions following tocainide are dizziness, vertigo, nausea, paresthesia, and tremor. However, fatal agranulocytosis, bone marrow depression, leukopenia, neutropenia, aplastic/hypoplastic anemia, thrombocytopenia, interstitial pneumonitis, fibrosing alveolitis, pulmonary edema, and pneumonia have occurred in patients receiving tocainide. 

Bone marrow depression, anemia, leukopenia, and basophilic stippling are associated with chronic arsenic exposure. Arsine (AsHj) poisoning can produce widespread hemolysis. Cirrhosis, ascites, and destruction of renal tissues have been reported. Arsine exposure may also cause renal failure (Forth et al. 1996). 

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