Renal tissue

Intoxication by aflatoxkis is referred to as aflatoxicosis. Edema and necrosis of hepatic and renal tissues seem characteristic of aflatoxicosis, and hemorrhagic enteritis accompanied by nervous symptoms often appear ki experimental animals. The mode of action of aflatoxkis kivolve an kiteraction with DNA and inhibition of the polymerases responsible for DNA and RNA synthesis (96). 

Tanji N, Ross MD, Cara A, et al. Effect of tissue processing on the ability to recover nucleic acid from specific renal tissue compartments by laser capture microdissection. Exp. Nephrol. 2001 9 229-234. 

The mechanism by which insulin impairs renal calcium reabsorption is still under investigation, but some progress has been made toward revealing that the insulin effect is directly on the renal tissues, rather than an indirect effect on other hormones or metabolites. 

Renal Cells. A variety of isolated cellular models exist for studying renal function and injury. These models can generally be divided into two categories models derived from permanent renal cell lines and cellular models derived from freshly isolated renal tissue. 

Janzen N, Perry K, Han K, Kristo B, Raman S, Said J, Belledegrun A, Schulam P (2005) The Effects of Intentional Cryoablation and Radio Frequency Ablation of Renal Tissue Involving the Collecting System in a Porcine Model. The Journal of Urology 173 1368-1374. 

The toxins are easily detected, after separation of the compounds from plasma and renal tissue on silica thin layers, by their fluorescence in UV light orellanine is visible as navy blue, orellinine as dark blue, and orelline as light blue (Horn et al., 1997). Beside thin-layer chromatography (TLQ, use of HPLC for the analysis of orellanine, e.g., in mushroom extracts, has also been reported. Quantitative analysis of orellanine in plasma samples, or in (rat) urine samples, was performed by extraction of orellanine on XAD-4 resin, two-dimensional TLC on cellulose, and spectrophotometric evaluation of the orelline produced on the TLC plates after UV-induced decomposition of the orellanine. 

From this we concluded that LMWPs are potentially suitable to serve as renal-specific drug carriers a drug-LMWP conjugate will be rapidly removed from the circulation and the drug can be intra-renally released. Consequently, major distribution to extra-renal tissue and related unwanted effects elsewhere in the body can, in principle, be avoided. It is assumed that secondary redistribution of the generated drug from the kidney is relatively slow so that systemic concentrations remain below the therapeutic window for extra-renal effects. 

Captopril-lysozyme did not significantly affect systemic blood pressure whereas an equimolar dose of captopril alone decreased blood pressure significantly. Whereas free captopril (5 mg kg ) completely prevented an angiotensin-I-induced blood pressure increase, an equimolar amount of captopril-lysozyme did not. However, in line with the direct ACE activity measurements in renal tissue and plasma, in captopril-lysozyme-treated rats the an-giotensin-I-induced blood pressure increase was lower than in untreated rats, suggesting that systemic activity was not fully prevented. 

Fluoride is a cumulative toxin, which accumulates in mineralized tissues, notably in the lattice of bone and tooth crystals [8,39]. The biological effects in humans due to chronic fluoride ingestion depend not only on the total dosage and duration of exposure, but also on associated factors such as nutritional status, functional status of the renal tissue and interaction with other trace elements [41]. The effect of... 

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