Big Chemical Encyclopedia

Chemical substances, components, reactions, process design ...

Articles Figures Tables About

Structure layer

In layer structures, the number and availability of bonds to the nearest neighbours is decided by the electrons available as stipulated by valence theory. Layer structures based on linked polyhedra are the most common ones in catalysis. Some of these are described below. [Pg.16]

Molybdenum sulfide (M0S2) has an unusual layer structure in which sulfide atoms in a given upper layer sandwiching the Mo atoms are located directly above the S atoms in the lower layer, but alternate M0S2 layers are offset as in hep. Thus, the structure is A(Mo)A, B(Mo)B, A(Mo)A, B(Mo)B----- There is little cohesion between successive M0S2 sheets, re- [Pg.88]

The enormous variety of manganese oxides with structures similar to the one shown in Fig. 8 arises from the different cation and water content of the space be- [Pg.98]

Compound or mineral Approximate formula Symmetry Space Lattice constants Interlayer -distance (pm) Reference [Pg.100]

Structural Chemistry of Manganese Dioxide and Related Compounds [Pg.100]

Since the first structure determination by Wadsley [56] in 1952 there has been confusion about the correct cell dimensions and symmetry of natural as well of synthetic lithiophorite. Wadsley determined a monoclinic cell (for details see Table 3) with a disordered distribution of the lithium and aluminium atoms at their respective sites. Giovanoli et al. [75] found, in a sample of synthetic lithiophorite, that the unique monoclinic b-axis of Wadsley s cell setting has to tripled for correct indexing of the electron diffraction patterns. Additionally, they concluded that the lithium and aluminum atoms occupy different sites and show an ordered arrangement within the layers. Thus, the resulting formula given by Giovanelli et al. [Pg.101]


The performance of the classifier has been verified using a number of practical applications, such as civil engineering [3], inspection of aerospace composite structures, ball bearings and aircraft multi-layer structures. Here we present shortly some results, focusing on detection of disbonds in adhesively joint multi-layer aerospace structures using Fokker Bond Tester resonance instrument, details can be found in [1]. [Pg.107]

Fokker Bond Tester. An ultrasonic inspection technique commonly used for aircraft structures is based on ultrasonic spectroscopy [2]. Commercially available instruments (bond testers) used for this test operate on the principle of mechanical resonance in a multi-layer structure. A piezoelectric probe shown in Figure 3b, excited by a variable frequency sine signal is placed on the surface of the inspected structure. A frequency spectrum in the range of some tens of kHz to several MHz is acquired by the instrument, see Figure 3a. [Pg.108]

A resonance in the layered stracture occurs when echoes between two boundaries travel back and forth due to differences in acoustic impedances at the boundaries. For multi-layer structures a number of resonances can be observed depending on their geometry and condition. For each particular defect-free structure and given transducer we obtain a characteristic resonance pattern, an ultrasonic signature, which can be used as a reference. [Pg.108]

We have presented a neural network based spectrum classifier (NSC) aimed at ultrasonic resonance spectroscopy. The ultrasonic spectroscopy and the NSC has been evaluated in many industrial applications, such as concrete inspection, testing of aerospace composite structures, ball bearings, and aircraft multi-layer structures. The latter application has been presented in some detail. [Pg.111]

The new instrument introduced for inspection of multi-layer structures from polymeric and composite metals and materials in air-space industry and this is acoustic flaw detector AD-64M. The principle of its operation based on impedance and free vibration methods with further spectral processing of the obtained signal. [Pg.911]

Fig. XI-12. End-on view of the layer structures of clays, pyrophillite, and mica. (From Ref. 163.)... Fig. XI-12. End-on view of the layer structures of clays, pyrophillite, and mica. (From Ref. 163.)...
A tremendous variety of structures is known, and some of the three-dimensional network ones are porous enough to show the same type of swelling phenomena as the layer structures—and also ion exchange behavior. The zeolites fall in this last category and have been studied extensively, both as ion exchangers and as gas adsorbents (e.g.. Refs. 185 and 186). As an example, Goulding and Talibudeen have reported on isotherms and calorimetric heats of Ca -K exchange for several aluminosilicates [187]. [Pg.417]

Film stability is a primary concern for applications. LB films of photopoly-merizable polymeric amphiphiles can be made to crosslink under UV radiation to greatly enhance their thermal stability while retaining the ordered layered structure [178]. Low-molecular-weight perfluoropolyethers are important industrial lubricants for computer disk heads. These small polymers attached to a polar head form continuous films of uniform thickness on LB deposi-... [Pg.560]

Shrimpton N D, Cole M W, Steele W A and Chan M H W 1992 Rare gases on graphite Surface Properties of Layered Structures ed G Benedek, (Dordrecht Kluwer) pp 219-69... [Pg.663]

Rieker T P, Clark N A, Smith G S, Parmar D S, Sirota E B and Safinya C R 1987 Chevron local layer structure in surface-stabilized ferroelectric smectic-C cells Phys.Rev.Lett 59 2658-61... [Pg.2571]

By subjecting boron nitride (a white powder) to high pressure and temperature small crystals of a substance harder than diamond, known as borazon, are obtained. This pressure-temperature treatment changes the structure from the original graphite-like layer structure (p. 163) to a diamond-like structure this hard form can withstand temperatures up to 2000 K. [Pg.156]

The solid has a layer structure (p. 434). Lead(ir) iodide, like lead(Il) chloride, is soluble in hot water but on cooling, appears in the form of glistening golden spangles . This reaction is used as a test for lead(II) ions in solution. [Pg.200]

Amphiphiles often have a complex phase behaviour with several liquid crystalline phases These liquid crystalline phases are often characterised by long-range order in one directior together with the formation of a layer structure. The molecules may nevertheless be able tc move laterally within the layer and perpendicular to the surface of the layer. Structura information can be obtained using spectroscopic techniques including X-ray and neutror diffraction and NMR. The quadrupolar splitting in the deuterium NMR spectrum can be... [Pg.411]

When micelles are formed just above the cmc, they are spherical aggregates in which surfactant molecules are clustered, tails together, to form a spherical particle. At higher concentrations the amount of excess surfactant is such that the micelles acquire a rod shape or, eventually, even a layer structure. [Pg.398]

Layered Structures. Whenever a barrier polymer lacks the necessary mechanical properties for an appHcation or the barrier would be adequate with only a small amount of the more expensive barrier polymer, a multilayer stmcture via coextmsion or lamination is appropriate. Whenever the barrier polymer is difficult to melt process or a particular traditional substrate such as paper or cellophane [9005-81-6] is necessary, a coating either from latex or a solvent is appropriate. A layered stmcture uses the barrier polymer most efficiently since permeation must occur through the barrier polymer and not around the barrier polymer. No short cuts are allowed for a permeant. The barrier properties of these stmctures are described by the permeance which is described in equation 16 where and L are the permeabiUties and thicknesses of the layers. [Pg.495]

For construction of suitable samples molecular beam epitaxy was selected, the method of choice for the production of complicated epitaxial layer systems with different materials. As substrates Si wafer material (about 20x20 mm-, thickness 1 mm) and SiO, discs (diameter 30 mm, thickness 3 mm) were used. Eight layered structures (one, two and three layers) were built up with Al, Co, and Ni, with an indicated thickness of 70 nm, each. [Pg.411]

The apical domain (residues 191-376) is essentially a four-layer structure comprising two p sheets sandwiched between a helices. One p sheet has... [Pg.100]

The major artifacts contributing to uncertainties in PDCE results stem from effects caused by bombardment of nonideal specimens, particularly thick specimens. The ideal thick specimen would be a homogeneous, smooth electrical conductor that does not change during bombardment. Except for rather simple, well-defined layered structures (e.g., surface oxide layers), specimens having compositional variations with depth yield spectra whose analyses can have large inaccuracies. [Pg.366]

Usually, the collection of LEED 7-Vcurves requires single crystal surfaces with long-range order in the upper-most layers. Structural information can, however, also be obtained in a similar way for certain disordered surfaces, when the energy dependence of the diffusely scattered intensity is analyzed (diffuse LEED [2.264, 2.265]). [Pg.80]


See other pages where Structure layer is mentioned: [Pg.38]    [Pg.42]    [Pg.74]    [Pg.74]    [Pg.256]    [Pg.265]    [Pg.109]    [Pg.161]    [Pg.970]    [Pg.402]    [Pg.417]    [Pg.467]    [Pg.212]    [Pg.301]    [Pg.1859]    [Pg.169]    [Pg.411]    [Pg.644]    [Pg.115]    [Pg.1888]    [Pg.311]    [Pg.63]    [Pg.65]    [Pg.296]    [Pg.374]    [Pg.728]    [Pg.176]    [Pg.182]    [Pg.328]    [Pg.96]    [Pg.97]   
See also in sourсe #XX -- [ Pg.6 , Pg.28 , Pg.109 , Pg.113 , Pg.137 , Pg.170 , Pg.174 , Pg.182 , Pg.226 ]

See also in sourсe #XX -- [ Pg.165 , Pg.166 ]

See also in sourсe #XX -- [ Pg.88 ]

See also in sourсe #XX -- [ Pg.6 , Pg.28 , Pg.109 , Pg.113 , Pg.137 , Pg.170 , Pg.174 , Pg.182 , Pg.226 ]

See also in sourсe #XX -- [ Pg.108 , Pg.109 , Pg.110 , Pg.111 , Pg.112 , Pg.140 , Pg.298 ]

See also in sourсe #XX -- [ Pg.187 ]

See also in sourсe #XX -- [ Pg.32 ]

See also in sourсe #XX -- [ Pg.29 , Pg.88 , Pg.100 , Pg.142 , Pg.209 ]

See also in sourсe #XX -- [ Pg.88 ]

See also in sourсe #XX -- [ Pg.151 ]

See also in sourсe #XX -- [ Pg.54 ]

See also in sourсe #XX -- [ Pg.2 , Pg.102 ]

See also in sourсe #XX -- [ Pg.1593 , Pg.1597 ]

See also in sourсe #XX -- [ Pg.170 ]

See also in sourсe #XX -- [ Pg.48 ]




SEARCH



Adsorbed hydrogen and its effects on double-layer structure

Adsorbed layer structure

Adsorbed layer structure monolayers

Adsorbed layer structure multilayers

Adsorbed surfactant layer structure

Adsorption electrical double-layer structure

Alterations in Electrical Double Layer Structure by an External Field Coupling to the Membrane

Anti-layer structures

Applications of Phosphonates Phosphonate Layer Structures

Asymmetric membranes with porous separation layer, structure

Bismuth layer-structured ferroelectrics

Bismuth molybdate layered structure

Boron nitride layer structure

Breakage of Granules with Layered Structure

Buserite, layer structures

Carbon layer structure

Catalyst Layer Modeling Structure, Properties and Performance

Catalyst layer ionomer structure

Catalyst layer models structure

Catalyst layer models structure formation

Catalyst layer structure formation

CdCl2 layer structures

Cdl2 layered structure

Cellular layers structures

Characterizing layered structure

Chevron layer structure

Chevron layer structure molecular orientation

Chevron layer structure tilt angle

Chevron layer structure zigzag defects

Chromonic Layered Structures

Colloidal electric double layers ionic structures

Composite structure, discriminating layer

Corrosion layer structure

Crystal Structure and Layer Charge of Montmorillonite

Cuprate superconductors layered perovskite structures

DOUBLE-LAYER STRUCTURE AND ADSORPTION

Discharge and Onion Layer Structure

Double layer structure Compact

Double layer structure Diffuse

Double layer structure Formation

Double layer structure model

Double layers, origin structure

Double-layer structure

Double-layer structure, theories

Dynamic Analysis of Fouling Layer Structure

Electrical double layer structure

Electrical double-layer structure Gouy-Chapman theory

Electrical double-layer structure Helmholtz model

Electrical double-layer structure absence

Electrical double-layer structure electrode reaction rates

Electrical double-layer structure presence

Electrical double-layer structure principles

Electrical double-layer structure solid electrodes

Electrical double-layer structure specific adsorption

Electrical double-layer structure thermodynamics

Electrical interfacial layer structure

Electrocapillarity, electrical double-layer structure

FLC Device Structures and Local-Layer Geometry

Fatty surface layers, structure

Ferroelectric liquid crystals smectic layer structures

Formation of Structure and Function in Catalyst Layers

Functional Multi-layer structure

GEOMETRICAL DERIVATION OF SIMPLE LAYER-TYPE STRUCTURES

Graphene-like Structures of Layered Inorganic Materials

Hexagonal layered structure

High-temperature Catalyst Layers - Components and Structure

Host structures layered

Hybrid layer structure

Hybrid layer structure hydroxides

Hydrate Layer Structures

Hydrocarbon layer model structure

Hydrocarbon layer model structure energy

Hydrotalcite double-layered metal hydroxide structure

INDEX layered structures

Impedance, acoustic layered structures

Interface structures, molten layer

Interfacial layer structure

Interior layers contrast structures

L, layer structure

Lattice dynamics layer structures

Layer Structure General Considerations

Layer Structure and Operation

Layer misfit structures

Layer structure, schematic

Layer structures metal halides

Layer structures p-block compounds

Layer structures with Cdl2 lattice

Layer structures with corner-sharing octahedral units

Layer-lattice structure

Layer-rolled structure

Layer-structure family

Layer-structured carbon

Layer-structured material

Layer-type packing structure

Layered Double Hydroxides Structure, Properties and Uses

Layered Oxide Structures as Interfaces

Layered Perrhenate and Vanadate Hybrid Solids On the Utility of Structural Relationships

Layered Structured Hexagonal Oxide

Layered clathrate structures

Layered compounds structures

Layered crystal structure

Layered double hydroxides basic structure

Layered double hydroxides chemical structures

Layered double hydroxides lamellar structure

Layered double hydroxides structure

Layered double hydroxides, layer lattice structures

Layered metal chalcogenides Structures

Layered metal phosphonate , structure

Layered microstructures micro structures

Layered structure

Layered structure

Layered structure oxides

Layered structure, polymer blends

Layered structures adhesion quality

Layered structures continued)

Layered structures continued) materials

Layered structures coordination polymer networks

Layered structures polymer coatings

Layered structures waves

Layered structures, chromonics

Layered structures, deformation

Layered structures, edge-sharing octahedra

Layered structures, polyhedral sheets

Layered structures, solid-state

Layered structures, solid-state butadienes

Layered structures, solid-state polymerization

Layered support structure

Layered-type structure

Layering structuration

Layering structuration

Layers structural data

Lipid layer structures, solid-state

Lipid-layer structure

Lithium oxides, layered structures

Lithium-rich layered oxide structures

Lyophilic structural-mechanical barrier adsorption layer

Manganese layered structures

Manganese oxides with layer structures

Media layer structures

Model five-layer structure

Models layered structure

Molecular collisions layered structure

Molecular engineered layer structures

Molecular engineered layer structures MELS)

Molybdenum layered structure

Multi-layered structure

Multilayers layer structure determination

Nacreous structure layer

Noncellular layers structures

Onion Layer Structure of Luminous Gas Phase

Onion layer structure

Oxide Layer Structure

Oxygen layered structures

Perforated layer structure

Perovskite layered structures

Perovskite structure layers

Perovskite-type layer structures

Phosphates with Layer Structures

Phosphonate Layer Structures

Phosphorescent OLED device layer structure

Physical properties layered structures

Pillared layer structures

Pillared layered structures

Pillared rectorite layer structure

Pore Structure Analysis of Catalyst Layer

Porous structure layers

Prismatic structure layer

Procedures for Analyzing the Fouling Layer Structure During a Membrane Filtration Process

Protective coatings typical layered structure

Protein hydration layer molecular structure

Protein layer structure

Quasi-bookshelf layer structure

REPARTITION OF THE LAYER STRUCTURES

Reflection layered structure

Retortable food package five-layer structure

Rocksalt structure layers

S-layers structure

STRUCTURAL CHEMISTRY OF LAYER-TYPE PHASES

Silicate layer structure

Silicates with layer structures

Smectic layer structure study

Smectite clays, layer lattice structures

Solid first layer, structure

Specific adsorption double-layer structure)

Sputter deposition layered structures

Starch granules layered structure

Step-type contrast structures layers

Structural layer coefficients

Structural techniques, time scales layered

Structural thin layer chromatography

Structure Formation in Catalyst Layers and Effective Properties

Structure and Properties of Surface Layers

Structure and properties of layered silicates

Structure in Catalyst Layers Redefined

Structure multi-layer

Structure of Surface Layers

Structure of adsorbed layer

Structure of the Bonded Layer

Structure of the Electrical Double Layer on HTSC Oxides

Structure of the double layer

Structure of the electrical double layer

Structure of water layers at hydrophilic surfaces

Structure studies layered clay minerals

Structure studies layered hosts

Structure, interface electrochemical double layer

Structure, layered materials

Structures Based on Brucite-Like Octahedral Layers

Structures Involving P and O Layers

Structures Involving P and T Layers

Structures Involving P, T, and O Layers

Structures Related to the Layered Cuprate Phases

Structures with Multiple Layers

Supramolecular Coordination Networks Employing Sulfonate and Phosphonate Linkers From Layers to Open Structures

Surface layer proteins structure

Templated structures layered

The Cdl2 and CdCl2 lattices layer structures

The Complex Layer Structure at a Heated Thin Cylinder Electrode and Consequences for Voltammetry

The Electrical Double Layer and Its Structure

The structure and properties of layered silicate polypropylene nanocomposites

Theories of Double-Layer Structure

Three-layer polymer structure

Three-layer structure, formation with

Titanates with layered structures

Two-dimensional layer structure

Two-layer structure

Unstirred water layer structure

Vanadium phosphonate structure, layere

© 2024 chempedia.info