Mass spectrometry, inductively coupled plasma , analysis

Wangzhao, Z., Advanced Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry Analysis of Rare Elements, Balkema Publishers, 1999. 

Poitrasson, X.L., Mao, S.S., Freydier, R., Russo, R.E. 2003. Comparison of ultraviolet femtosecond and nanosecond laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry analysis in glass, monazite, and zircon. Analytical Chemistry, 75, 6184-6190. 

A 9 mL aliquot from each TIMS sample solution was submitted to the University of Georgia, Laboratory for Environmental Analysis, for inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry analysis (ICP-MS). A Perkin-Elmer Elan 6000 ICP-MS with quadrapole chamber mass detector system was used to analyze the solution for Ag, As, Cu, Sb, Sn, Pb, and Zn. Insufficient sample remained for further analysis or replicate samples. However, all appropriate blanks, dilutions, and standards were run. 

Laser Ablation-Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry Analysis Applied to the Characterization of Peruvian Wari Ceramics... 

Laser Ablation—Inductively Coupled Plasma—Mass Spectrometry Analysis of Ancient Copper Alloy Artifacts... 

Interest in inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry analysis of organic phosphorus resulted from our desire to characterize organic phosphorus species using liquid chromatography and capillary electrophoresis separations. However, because of the... 

Coedo, A. G., Dorado,T, and Alguacil, F. J. (1996). Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry analysis of electric arc furnace flue dusts Optimization or sample dissolution procedure./ Trace Microprobe tech. 14(4), 739. 

Maibusch, R., Kuss, H. M., Coedo, A. G., and Dorado,T. (1999). Spark ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry analysis of nrinor and trace elements in low and high alloy steels using single calibration curves./.j4na/./4r. Spectrom. 14(8), 1155. 

Perez-Jordan, M.Y., Soldevila,J., Salvador,A., and Pastor,A. (1999). Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry analysis of wines. J. Anal. At. Spectrom. 14(1), 33. 

Zhu, W. (1999). Adtranced inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry analysis of rare earth elements Environmental applications. Ph.D. Thesis, Delft University, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. 

Ndung u, K., Franks, R. R, Bruland, K. W., and Flegal, A. R. (2003) Organic complexation and total dissolved metal analysis in estuarine waters comparison of solvent-extraction graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometric and chelating resin flow injection inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry analysis. Anal. Chim. Acta, 481, 127-38. 

In inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry analysis, the sample is heated in an argon-plasma activated by a high-voltage field. Thereby, atoms are ionized. Using an electric field, the generated ions are accelerated to the analyser of the mass spectrometer, where they are separated according to the mass of the specific isotopes. In inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES), also referred to as inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES), the sample is atomized in argon plasma and the excitation of an optical emission of cadmium is measured. 

To examine a sample by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP/MS) or inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectroscopy (ICP/AES) the sample must be transported into the flame of a plasma torch. Once in the flame, sample molecules are literally ripped apart to form ions of their constituent elements. These fragmentation and ionization processes are described in Chapters 6 and 14. To introduce samples into the center of the (plasma) flame, they must be transported there as gases, as finely dispersed droplets of a solution, or as fine particulate matter. The various methods of sample introduction are described here in three parts — A, B, and C Chapters 15, 16, and 17 — to cover gases, solutions (liquids), and solids. Some types of sample inlets are multipurpose and can be used with gases and liquids or with liquids and solids, but others have been designed specifically for only one kind of analysis. However, the principles governing the operation of inlet systems fall into a small number of categories. This chapter discusses specifically substances that are normally liquids at ambient temperatures. This sort of inlet is the commonest in analytical work. 

Numerous methods have been pubUshed for the determination of trace amounts of tellurium (33—42). Instmmental analytical methods (qv) used to determine trace amounts of tellurium include atomic absorption spectrometry, flame, graphite furnace, and hydride generation inductively coupled argon plasma optical emission spectrometry inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry neutron activation analysis and spectrophotometry (see Mass spectrometry Spectroscopy, optical). Other instmmental methods include polarography, potentiometry, emission spectroscopy, x-ray diffraction, and x-ray fluorescence. 

The complex of the following destmctive and nondestmctive analytical methods was used for studying the composition of sponges inductively coupled plasma mass-spectrometry (ICP-MS), X-ray fluorescence (XRF), electron probe microanalysis (EPMA), and atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS). Techniques of sample preparation were developed for each method and their metrological characteristics were defined. Relative standard deviations for all the elements did not exceed 0.25 within detection limit. The accuracy of techniques elaborated was checked with the method of additions and control methods of analysis. 

Laser based mass spectrometric methods, such as laser ionization (LIMS) and laser ablation in combination with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) are powerful analytical techniques for survey analysis of solid substances. To realize the analytical performances methods for the direct trace analysis of synthetic and natural crystals modification of a traditional analytical technique was necessary and suitable standard reference materials (SRM) were required. Recent developments allowed extending the range of analytical applications of LIMS and LA-ICP-MS will be presented and discussed. For example ... 

Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry was applied to the analysis of six organotin compounds (chlorides of dimethyl-, dibutyl-, trimethyl-, tributyl-, diphenyl-, and triphenyltin). Detection hmits for the six organotins ranged from 24 to 51 pg as tin the dynamic range was over lO, from 1 pg/1 to 10 mg/1 (Inoue Kawabata, 1993). 

In contrast to thermal ionization methods, where the tracer added must be of the same element as the analyte, tracers of different elemental composition but similar ionization efficiency can be utilized for inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICPMS) analysis. Hence, for ICPMS work, uranium can be added to thorium or radium samples as a way of correcting for instrumental mass bias (e g., Luo et al. 1997 Stirling et al. 2001 Pietruszka et al. 2002). The only drawback of this approach is that small inter-element (e g., U vs. Th) biases may be present during ionization or detection that need to be considered and evaluated (e.g., Pietruszka et al. 2002). 

Becker JS, Pickhardt C, Dietze H-J (2000) Laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry for the trace, ultratrace and isotope analysis of long-lived radionuclides in solid samples. Inti J Mass Spectrom 202 283-297... 

James WD, Boothe PN, Presley BJ (1998) Compton suppression garmna-spectroscopy in the analysis of radium and lead isotopes in ocean sediments. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 236 261-265 Jarvis KE, Gray AL, Houk RS (1992) Handbook of Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry, Blackie, Glasgow... 

Entwistle, J. A. and P. W. Abrahams (1997), Multi-element analysis of soils and sediments from Scottish historical sites. The potential of inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry for rapid site investigation, /. Archaeol. Sci. 24, 407-416. 

Young, S. M. M., P. Budd, R. Hagerty, and A. M. Pollard (1997), Inductively coupled plasma mass-spectrometry for the analysis of ancient metals, Archaeometry 39(2), 379-392. 

Elemental Speciation - New Approaches for Trace Element Analysis Discrete Sample Introduction Techniques for Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry... 

There is a branch of MS specially designed for dealing with the analysis of inorganic materials.[21,22] Different specific ionization techniques, such as inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS),[23] glow discharge mass spectrometry (GD-MS)[24] and secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS),[25] are available and they are widely used in cultural heritage applications. Their description is beyond the scope of this chapter. 

Detailed examination of another madder preparation proved that the sample can be premordanted with alum. [ 19] After hydrolysis performed with hydrochloric acid and extraction with M-amyl alcohol, only four colourants are found alizarin, purpurin, and probably lucidin and ruberythric acid. Additionally, signals at m/z 525 and 539 are observed in the mass spectrum. Analysis of the preparation by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP MS) shows that aluminium and calcium are the main inorganic components of the sample. This is why it was suggested that the signal at m/z 539 can be attributed to the complex of aluminium with alizarin, and the second one, observed at m/z 525, to an aluminium-calcium cluster. 

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